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Linux LVM学习总结——扩展卷组VG

2015-07-16 13:57 477 查看

Linux服务器由于应用变更或需求的缘故，有可能出现分区空间不足的情况，此时往往需要进行扩容（要增加分区的空间），而采用LVM的好处就是可以在不需停机的情况下可以方便地调整各个分区大小。如下所示，分区/u05由于备份集保留的时间调整，RMAN备份时出现空间不足的情况，如下所示，

[root@getlnx01~]#df-h

FilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

97G37G55G41%/

/dev/mapper/VolGroup01-LogVol00

79G33G43G44%/u01

/dev/mapper/VolGroup02-LogVol00

197G168G19G90%/u02

/dev/mapper/VolGroup03-LogVol00

197G127G60G68%/u03

/dev/mapper/VolGroup04-LogVol00

138G126G5.6G96%/u04

/dev/mapper/VolGroup05-LogVol00

178G104G65G62%/u05

/dev/sda199M23M71M25%/boot

tmpfs12G012G0%/dev/shm

[root@getlnx01~]#vgscan

Readingallphysicalvolumes.Thismaytakeawhile...

Foundvolumegroup"VolGroup05"usingmetadatatypelvm2

Foundvolumegroup"VolGroup04"usingmetadatatypelvm2

Foundvolumegroup"VolGroup03"usingmetadatatypelvm2

Foundvolumegroup"VolGroup02"usingmetadatatypelvm2

Foundvolumegroup"VolGroup01"usingmetadatatypelvm2

Foundvolumegroup"VolGroup00"usingmetadatatypelvm2

[root@getlnx01~]#

我在添加了一块虚拟磁盘后（虚拟机），此时使用fdisk-l查不到刚刚添加的新磁盘，此时需要运行命令echo"---">/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan重新扫描该接口下的SCSI磁盘设备。
关于该命令它是通过/sys下的属性设置运行SCSI扫描。echo"---">scan"---"代表channel，target和LUN编号。以上命令会导致hba4下所有channel，target以及可见LUN被扫描。

[root@getlnx01~]#echo"---">/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan

[root@getlnx01~]#fdisk-l

Disk/dev/sda:55.8GB,55834574848bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,6788cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem

/dev/sda1*11310439183Linux

/dev/sda214678854420187+8eLinuxLVM

Disk/dev/sdb:85.8GB,85899345920bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,10443cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem

/dev/sdb1110443838833665Extended

/dev/sdb511044383883334+83Linux

Disk/dev/sdd:214.7GB,214748364800bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,26108cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem

/dev/sdd1126108209712478+5Extended

/dev/sdd512610820971244783Linux

Disk/dev/sdc:214.7GB,214748364800bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,26108cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem

/dev/sdc1126108209712478+5Extended

/dev/sdc512610820971244783Linux

Disk/dev/sdf:64.4GB,64424509440bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,7832cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem

/dev/sdf11783262910508+5Extended

/dev/sdf5178326291047783Linux

Disk/dev/sde:150.3GB,150323855360bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,18275cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem

/dev/sde11182751467939065Extended

/dev/sde5118275146793874+83Linux

Disk/dev/sdg:193.2GB,193273528320bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,23497cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem

/dev/sdg11234971887396215Extended

/dev/sdg5123497188739589+83Linux

Disk/dev/dm-0:107.2GB,107206410240bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,13033cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

Disk/dev/dm-0doesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable

Disk/dev/dm-1:12.8GB,12884901888bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,1566cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

Disk/dev/dm-1doesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable

Disk/dev/sdh:85.8GB,85899345920bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,10443cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

Disk/dev/sdhdoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable

1:格式化分区
格式化磁盘设备/dev/sdh，下面是采用逻辑扩展分区。关于格式分区时是否一定要修改分区类型为8e（LVM格式），我查了一些资料，这个不是必须的。鸟哥的Linux私房菜里面的原话为：“那个8e的出现会导致system变成LinuxLMV！其实没有设定为8e也没有关系，不过某些LMV的侦测指令可能会侦测不到该partition就是了”

[root@getlnx01~]#fdisk/dev/sdh

DevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabel

BuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,

untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,theprevious

contentwon'tberecoverable.

Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto10443.

Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,

andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:

1)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,oldversionsofLILO)

2)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs

(e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK)

Warning:invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw(rite)

Command(mforhelp):n

Commandaction

eextended

pprimarypartition(1-4)

Partitionnumber(1-4):1

Firstcylinder(1-10443,default1):

Usingdefaultvalue1

Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(1-10443,default10443):

Usingdefaultvalue10443

Command(mforhelp):w

Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!

Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable.

Syncingdisks.

[root@getlnx01~]#fdisk/dev/sdh

Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto10443.

Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,

andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:

1)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,oldversionsofLILO)

2)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs

(e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK)

Command(mforhelp):p

Disk/dev/sdh:85.8GB,85899345920bytes

255heads,63sectors/track,10443cylinders

Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes

DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem

/dev/sdh1110443838833665Extended

Command(mforhelp):n

Commandaction

llogical(5orover)

pprimarypartition(1-4)

Firstcylinder(1-10443,default1):

Usingdefaultvalue1

Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(1-10443,default10443):

Usingdefaultvalue10443

Command(mforhelp):w

Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!

Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable.

Syncingdisks.

[root@getlnx01~]#

2：新建物理卷(PV)

[root@getlnx01~]#pvcreate/dev/sdh5

Physicalvolume"/dev/sdh5"successfullycreated

[root@getlnx01~]#pvdisplay/dev/sdh5

"/dev/sdh5"isanewphysicalvolumeof"80.00GB"

---NEWPhysicalvolume---

PVName/dev/sdh5

VGName

PVSize80.00GB

AllocatableNO

PESize(KByte)0

TotalPE0

FreePE0

AllocatedPE0

PVUUIDLgKUuj-UddY-AHHO-ewqX-1iF1-6HYN-N5EITM

3：扩展卷组(VG)
首先查看VG的详细信息，然后扩展VG

[root@getlnx01~]#vgdisplayVolGroup05

---Volumegroup---

VGNameVolGroup05

SystemID

Formatlvm2

MetadataAreas1

MetadataSequenceNo2

VGAccessread/write

VGStatusresizable

MAXLV0

CurLV1

OpenLV1

MaxPV0

CurPV1

ActPV1

VGSize179.97GB

PESize32.00MB

TotalPE5759

AllocPE/Size5759/179.97GB

FreePE/Size0/0

VGUUIDUNFxZH-lAGM-vqF3-jtNK-yuKT-enUX-WwL7FQ

[root@getlnx01~]#vgextendVolGroup05/dev/sdh5

Volumegroup"VolGroup05"successfullyextended

[root@getlnx01~]#vgdisplayVolGroup05

---Volumegroup---

VGNameVolGroup05

SystemID

Formatlvm2

MetadataAreas2

MetadataSequenceNo3

VGAccessread/write

VGStatusresizable

MAXLV0

CurLV1

OpenLV1

MaxPV0

CurPV2

ActPV2

VGSize259.94GB

PESize32.00MB

TotalPE8318

AllocPE/Size5759/179.97GB

FreePE/Size2559/79.97GB

VGUUIDUNFxZH-lAGM-vqF3-jtNK-yuKT-enUX-WwL7FQ

[root@getlnx01~]#

4：处理文件系统
VG扩展后，/u05分区还不能实时增加空间，还需要使用resize2fs–p命令激活新增加的空间

[root@getlnx01~]#resize2fs-p/dev/VolGroup05/LogVol00

resize2fs1.39(29-May-2006)

Filesystemat/dev/VolGroup05/LogVol00ismountedon/u05;on-lineresizingrequired

Performinganon-lineresizeof/dev/VolGroup05/LogVol00to68141056(4k)blocks.

Thefilesystemon/dev/VolGroup05/LogVol00isnow68141056blockslong.

[root@getlnx01~]#

[root@getlnx01~]#df-h

FilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

97G37G55G41%/

/dev/mapper/VolGroup01-LogVol00

79G33G43G44%/u01

/dev/mapper/VolGroup02-LogVol00

197G168G19G90%/u02

/dev/mapper/VolGroup03-LogVol00

197G127G60G68%/u03

/dev/mapper/VolGroup04-LogVol00

138G126G5.6G96%/u04

/dev/mapper/VolGroup05-LogVol00

256G104G140G43%/u05

/dev/sda199M23M71M25%/boot

tmpfs12G012G0%/dev/shm

[root@getlnx01~]#

LinuxLVM学习总结——创建卷组VG

LinuxLVM学习总结——删除卷组VG

LinuxLVM学习总结——扩展卷组VG

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