Linux 基础命令知识4

打印网络接口列表

ifconfig | cut -c-10 | tr -d ' ' | tr -s '\n'

eth0

lo

#cut -c-10 只取前10个字符 ， tr -d '' 删除所有的空格 tr -s '\n' 合并换行符

ifconfig eth0

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:8c:ff:7a

inet addr:192.168.164.140  Bcast:192.168.164.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe8c:ff7a/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

RX packets:4410 errors:5 dropped:7 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:3018 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:4268650 (4.2 MB)  TX bytes:260426 (260.4 KB)

Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000

#Hwaddr 为硬地址(Mac地址)

#inet addr ： IP地址

#Bcast :广播地址

#Mask : 子网掩码

#设置网络接口Ip地址

sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.164.142

#设置子网掩码

sudo ifconfig eth0 netmask 225.225.225.0

#设置硬件地址 ，在做MAC地址欺骗的时候可能会用上

sudo ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:1c:bf:87:25:d5

DNS查找

#利用host 命令 或者 nslookup命令对域名进行解析

host www.baidu.com

www.baidu.com is an alias for www.a.shifen.com.

www.a.shifen.com has address 119.75.217.109

www.a.shifen.com has address 119.75.218.70

nslookup www.baidu.com

Server:     127.0.0.1

Address:    127.0.0.1#53

Non-authoritative answer:

www.baidu.com   canonical name = www.a.shifen.com.

Name:   www.a.shifen.com

Address: 119.75.217.109

Name:   www.a.shifen.com

Address: 119.75.218.70

查看路由表

route

Kernel IP routing table

Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface

192.168.164.0   *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0

#或者 -n选项用于展示数字形式地址

route -n

Kernel IP routing table

Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface