ORA-19573: cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 5

用vi 编辑了一个数据文件 ，导致下面的错误：

RMAN> validate datafile 5;

Starting validate at 2015-06-29 22:26:23
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of validate command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 06/29/2015 22:26:23
ORA-01122: database file 5 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 5: '/export/11g/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf'
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '/export/11g/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf'
ORA-27046: file size is not a multiple of logical block size
Additional information: 1

RMAN> list backup;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
5       Full    69.02M     DISK        00:00:06     2015-06-29 21:06:47
BP Key: 5   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20150629T210641
Piece Name: /export/11g/flash_recovery_area/ORCL1/backupset/2015_06_29/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150629T210641_bs3tx260_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 5
File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
5       Full 1422071    2015-06-29 21:06:42 /export/11g/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf

之前做了一个备份，准备还原：

RMAN> restore datafile 5;

Starting restore at 2015-06-29 22:28:33
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /export/11g/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /export/11g/flash_recovery_area/ORCL1/backupset/2015_06_29/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150629T210641_bs3tx260_.bkp
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 06/29/2015 22:28:35
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /export/11g/flash_recovery_area/ORCL1/backupset/2015_06_29/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150629T210641_bs3tx260_.bkp
ORA-19573: cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 5

出现了错误 ORA-19573: cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 5

SQL> select FILE_NAME,STATUS,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------

/export/11g/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
AVAILABLE          ONLINE

我们可以看到数据文件还是在线的状态，现将其离线，再次查看状态，变成了recover 状态。

SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;

Database altered.

Database altered.

SQL>  select FILE_NAME,STATUS,ONLINE_STATUS from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/export/11g/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
AVAILABLE          RECOVER

再次执行还原：

RMAN> restore datafile 5;

Starting restore at 2015-06-29 22:32:36
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /export/11g/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /export/11g/flash_recovery_area/ORCL1/backupset/2015_06_29/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150629T210641_bs3tx260_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/export/11g/flash_recovery_area/ORCL1/backupset/2015_06_29/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150629T210641_bs3tx260_.bkp tag=TAG20150629T210641
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished restore at 2015-06-29 22:32:44

这次还原成功了。