Android service通过aidl 回调客户端 daemon

前端时间项目运用到AIDL,关于AIDL客户端以及AIDL服务端网络上没有一个比较完备的Demo.而参考Demo无疑是一个比较快速的学习方法.因此,我写了一个Demo.供大家参考,也非常欢迎大家对其中写的不好的地方进行指正. 好了,首先简述下基本功能:在AIDL 客户端三个EditText中输入三个值,点击提交按钮,将这三个值传入到AIDL服务端进行处理.服务端处理后会执行客户端的回调函数:在AIDL客户端界面进行刷新,并显示一个toast. 接下来看看代码结构:

需要注意的是,两个工程中com.harlan.demo.aidl包内部的文件必须保持一致. (1)HarlanInfo.java:这是包中唯一的一个java文件,是一个数据结构,该类实现了Parcelable接口[java] view plaincopyprint?
package com.harlan.demo.aidl;

import android.os.Parcel;

import android.os.Parcelable;

/**

*

* <一句话功能简述>

* Parcelable是Android特有的功能，效率比实现Serializable接口高

*

* @author Administrator

* @version [版本号, 2012-12-10]

* @see [相关类/方法]

* @since [产品/模块版本]

*/

public class HarlanInfo implements Parcelable

{

private String name;

private int age;

private String place;

public String getName()

{

return name;

}

public void setName(String name)

{

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge()

{

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age)

{

this.age = age;

}

public String getPlace()

{

return place;

}

public void setPlace(String place)

{

this.place = place;

}

/**

* <默认构造函数>

*/

public HarlanInfo()

{

}

/**

* <默认构造函数>

*/

public HarlanInfo(Parcel in)

{

//注意顺序

name = in.readString();

age = in.readInt();

place = in.readString();

}

/**

* seems meaningless

* return 0;

*/

@Override

public int describeContents()

{

return 0;

}

/**

* 将对象序列化为一个Parcel对象

* 可以将Parcel看成是一个流，通过writeToParcel把对象写到流里面,

* 再通过createFromParcel从流里读取对象

* 注意:写的顺序和读的顺序必须一致。

*/

@Override

public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags)

{

dest.writeString(name);

dest.writeInt(age);

dest.writeString(place);

}

/**

* 实例化静态内部对象CREATOR实现接口Parcelable.Creator

* public static final一个都不能少，内部对象CREATOR的名称也不能改变，必须全部大写

*/

public static final Parcelable.Creator<HarlanInfo> CREATOR = new Creator<HarlanInfo>(){

//将Parcel对象反序列化为HarlanInfo

@Override

public HarlanInfo createFromParcel(Parcel source)

{

HarlanInfo hlInfo = new HarlanInfo(source);

return hlInfo;

}

@Override

public HarlanInfo[] newArray(int size)

{

return new HarlanInfo[size];

}

};

}

(2)HarlanInfo.aidl :协同HarlanInfo.java文件"作战",缺一不可.[java] view plaincopyprint?
package com.harlan.demo.aidl;

parcelable HarlanInfo;

(3)ICallBack.aidl:
这是客户端回调方法的接口,在客户端实现其具体方法,在服务端调用执行.[java] view plaincopyprint?
package com.harlan.demo.aidl;

interface ICallBack{

/**

*callback of AIDLClient

*handle by server

**/

void handleByServer(String param);

}

(4)ExecuteService.aidl:这是从服务端获取数据方法的接口,在服务端实现其具体方法,在客户端调用执行.参数info是由用户输入的数据构成的,同时传递的还要客户端回调方法的句柄,从而服务端可以调用客户端的回调方法.该方法返回一个HarlanInfo的数据类型,客户端获得此数据,在界面上进行相应的显示.[java] view plaincopyprint?
package com.harlan.demo.aidl;

import com.harlan.demo.aidl.HarlanInfo;

import com.harlan.demo.aidl.ICallBack;

interface ExecuteServiceAIDL

{

/**

*get info from server and

*Transfer a callback methods handle;

*if occur error ,will be return null

*对于非基本数据类型和String和CharSequence类型,要加上方向指示

*包括in、out和inout，in表示由客户端设置，out表示由服务端设置，inout是两者均可设置。

*/

HarlanInfo getServerHarlanInfo(in HarlanInfo info,ICallBack icallback);

}

好了,现在对com.harlan.demo.aidl包已经大致了解,build一下project,发现gen文件夹下面多出来一个包:


包中文件可以随便看看,不看也没事.因为你只要在客户端服务端相应的位置实现对应的接口就可以了.
先来看看服务端,因为服务端相对简单些,不需要界面什么的,只是一个Service.上代码:[java] view plaincopyprint?
package com.harlan.demo.service;

import android.app.Service;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.IBinder;

import android.os.RemoteException;

import android.util.Log;

import com.harlan.demo.aidl.ExecuteServiceAIDL;

import com.harlan.demo.aidl.HarlanInfo;

import com.harlan.demo.aidl.ICallBack;

public class AIDLService extends Service

{

public static final String TAG = "AIDLService";

private ICallBack mCallBack;

/**

* 绑定服务

*/

@Override

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent)

{

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

return mBinder;

}

/**

* 创建服务

*/

@Override

public void onCreate()

{

super.onCreate();

}

/**

* 销毁服务

*/

@Override

public void onDestroy()

{

super.onDestroy();

}

/**

* 启动服务

*/

@Override

public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId)

{

super.onStart(intent, startId);

}

/**

* 解绑服务

*/

@Override

public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent)

{

mCallBack = null;

return super.onUnbind(intent);

}

ExecuteServiceAIDL.Stub mBinder = new ExecuteServiceAIDL.Stub()

{

//这里实现了getServiceHarlanInfo接口

@Override

public HarlanInfo getServerHarlanInfo(HarlanInfo info, ICallBack icallback)

throws RemoteException

{

Log.d(TAG,"getServerHarlanInfo");

mCallBack = icallback;

mCallBack.handleByServer("The msg is from server");

HarlanInfo newInfo = new HarlanInfo();

newInfo.setName(info.getName().toLowerCase());

newInfo.setAge(info.getAge() + 10);

newInfo.setPlace("Home");

return newInfo;

}

};

}

一目了然,服务端主要的功能就是实现了aidl中的getServerHarlanInfo(HarlanInfo info, ICallBack icallback)接口.返回了一个mBinder供客户端调用.写好了服务,还得在Manifest文件里面配置一下:[java] view plaincopyprint?
<service

android:name=".AIDLService">

<intent-filter>

<action android:name="com.harlan.demo.aidl.service"/>

</intent-filter>

lt;/service>

服务端写好了,就来客户端的了.客户端主要是一个activity,界面相对简单,如图所示:

界面布局相对简单,就不贴代码了. 下面贴ClientActivity的代码:[java] view plaincopyprint?
package com.harlan.demo.activity;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.ComponentName;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.content.ServiceConnection;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.os.IBinder;

import android.os.RemoteException;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.Toast;

import com.harlan.demo.aidl.ExecuteServiceAIDL;

import com.harlan.demo.aidl.HarlanInfo;

import com.harlan.demo.aidl.ICallBack;

public class ClientActivity extends Activity

{

public static final String TAG = "ClientActivity";

private static final String BIND_ACTION = "com.harlan.demo.aidl.service";

private EditText mEditTextName;

private EditText mEditTextAge;

private EditText mEditTextPlace;

private Button mButtonCommit;

private ExecuteServiceAIDL executeService;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

{

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_client);

getView();

//用户点击提交按钮,将数据传至服务端进行处理

mButtonCommit.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()

{

@Override

public void onClick(View v)

{

//绑定服务

getServiceConnect();

}

});

}

private void getView()

{

mEditTextName = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText_name);

mEditTextAge = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText_age);

mEditTextPlace = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText_place);

mButtonCommit = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_commit);

}

private void getServiceConnect()

{

Intent it = new Intent();

it.setAction(BIND_ACTION);

startService(it);

bindService(it, mserviceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

}

ServiceConnection mserviceConnection = new ServiceConnection()

{

@Override

public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name)

{

Log.d(TAG, "onServiceDisconnected");

}

@Override

public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service)

{

Log.d(TAG, "onServiceConnected");

//获取服务端传过来的IBinder对象,通过该对象调用服务端的方法

executeService = ExecuteServiceAIDL.Stub.asInterface(service);

if (executeService != null)

{

handlerInfo();

}

}

};

private void handlerInfo()

{

String mName;

int mAge;

String mPlace;

if (mEditTextName.getText().toString().equals(""))

{

mEditTextName.setText("Harlan");

mName = "Harlan";

}

else

{

mName = mEditTextName.getText().toString();

}

if (mEditTextAge.getText().toString().equals(""))

{

mAge = 22;

}

else

{

mAge = Integer.parseInt(mEditTextAge.getText().toString());

}

if (mEditTextPlace.getText().toString().equals(""))

{

mPlace = "Nanjing";

}

else

{

mPlace = mEditTextPlace.getText().toString();

}

HarlanInfo mInfo = new HarlanInfo();

mInfo.setName(mName);

mInfo.setAge(mAge);

mInfo.setPlace(mPlace);

try

{

HarlanInfo serverInfo = new HarlanInfo();

//调用服务端的方法

serverInfo = executeService.getServerHarlanInfo(mInfo, mCallBack);

//更新界面

mEditTextName.setText(serverInfo.getName());

mEditTextAge.setText(String.valueOf(serverInfo.getAge()));

mEditTextPlace.setText(serverInfo.getPlace());

unbindService(mserviceConnection);

}

catch (RemoteException e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

ICallBack.Stub mCallBack = new ICallBack.Stub()

{

//客户端回调方法的具体实现

@Override

public void handleByServer(String param)

throws RemoteException

{

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), param, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

};

}

服务端调用客户端回调方法,在界面上显示一个toast.客户端根据服务端传回来的数据,刷新界面. 最后运行结果如图所示:

具体的Demo已经上传至CSDN,下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/singleton1900/4928804