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Android自动化测试之MonkeyRunner之MonkeyDevice（八）

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Android自动化测试之MonkeyRunner之MonkeyDevice

A monkeyrunner class that represents a device or emulator accessible by the workstation running

monkeyrunner
.

This class is used to control an Android device or emulator. The methods send UI events, retrieve information, install and remove applications, and run applications.

You normally do not have to create an instance of 

MonkeyDevice
. Instead, you use
MonkeyRunner.waitForConnection()
to create a new object from a connection to a device or emulator. For example, instead of using:

<span class="pln">newdevice </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">MonkeyDevice</span><span class="pun">()</span>

you would use: 

<span class="pln">newdevice </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">MonkeyRunner</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">waitForConnection</span><span class="pun">()</span>

Summary

Constants
string DOWN Use this with the 
type
argument of
press()
or
touch()
to send a DOWN event.
string UP Use this with the 
type
argument of
press()
or
touch()
to send an UP event.
string DOWN_AND_UP Use this with the 
type
argument of
press()
or
touch()
to send a DOWN event immediately followed by an UP event.
Methods
void broadcastIntent(string uri,string action,string data,string mimetype,iterable categoriesdictionary extras,component component,iterable flags)Broadcasts an Intent to this device, as if the Intent were coming from an application.
void drag(tuple start,tuple end,float duration,integer steps)Simulates a drag gesture (touch, hold, and move) on this device's screen.
object getProperty(string key)Given the name of a system environment variable, returns its value for this device. The available variable names are listed in thedetailed description of this method.
object getSystemProperty(string key). The API equivalent of 
adb shell getprop <key>. This is provided for use by platform developers.
void installPackage(string path)Installs the Android application or test package contained in packageFile onto this device. If the application or test package is already installed, it is replaced.
dictionary instrument(string className,dictionary args)Runs the specified component under Android instrumentation, and returns the results in a dictionary whose exact format is dictated by the component being run. The component must already be present on this device.
void press(string name,dictionary type)Sends the key event specified by type to the key specified by keycode.
void reboot(string into)Reboots this device into the bootloader specified by bootloadType.
void removePackage(string package)Deletes the specified package from this device, including its data and cache.
object shell(string cmd)Executes an 
adb
shell command and returns the result, if any.
void startActivity(string uri,string action,string data,string mimetype,iterable categoriesdictionary extras,component component,flags)Starts an Activity on this device by sending an Intent constructed from the supplied arguments. 
MonkeyImage
 takeSnapshot()Captures the entire screen buffer of this device, yielding a
MonkeyImage
object containing a screen capture of the current display.
void touch(integer x,integer y,integer type)Sends a touch event specified by type to the screen location specified by x and y.
void type(string message)Sends the characters contained in message to this device, as if they had been typed on the device's keyboard. This is equivalent to calling
press()
for each keycode in
message
using the key event type 
DOWN_AND_UP
.
void wake()Wakes the screen of this device.

Constants

string DOWN 

press()
or
touch()
value. Specifies that a DOWN event type should be sent to the device, corresponding to pressing down on a key or touching the screen.

string UP 

press()
or
touch()
value. Specifies that an UP event type should be sent to the device, corresponding to releasing a key or lifting up from the screen.

string DOWN_AND_UP

press()
,
touch()
or
type()
value. Specifies that a DOWN event type followed by an UP event type should be sent to the device, corresponding to typing a key or clicking the screen.

Public Methods

void broadcastIntent(string uri,string action,string data,string mimetype,iterable categoriesdictionary extras,component component,iterable flags)

Broadcasts an Intent to this device, as if the Intent were coming from an application. See

Intent
for more information about the arguments.

Arguments
uri The URI for the Intent. (see 
Intent.setData()
).
action The action for this Intent (see 
Intent.setAction()
).
data The data URI for this Intent (see 
Intent.setData()
).
mimetype The MIME type for the Intent (see 
Intent.setType()
).
categories An iterable data structure containing strings that define categories for this Intent (see
Intent.addCategory()
).
extras A dictionary of extra data for this Intent (see 
Intent.putExtra()
for an example).

The key for each dictionary item should be a string. The item's value can be any simple or structured data type.
component The component for this Intent (see 
ComponentName
). Using this argument will direct the Intent to a specific class within a specific Android package.
flags An iterable data structure containing flags that control how the Intent is handled (see
Intent.setFlags()
).

void drag(tuple start,tuple end,float duration,integer steps)

Simulates a drag gesture (touch, hold, and move) on this device's screen.

Arguments
start The starting point of the drag gesture, in the form of a tuple (x,y) where x and y areintegers.
end The end point of the drag gesture, in the form of a tuple (x,y) where x and y areintegers.
duration The duration of the drag gesture in seconds. The default is 1.0 seconds.
steps The number of steps to take when interpolating points. The default is 10.

object getProperty(string key)

Given the name of a system environment variable, returns its value for this device.

Arguments
key The name of the system environment variable. The available variable names are listed inTable 1. Property variable names at the end of this topic.
Returns
  • The value of the variable. The data format varies according to the variable requested.

object getSystemProperty(string key)

Synonym for 

getProperty()
.

Arguments
key The name of the system environment variable. The available variable names are listed inTable 1. Property Variable Names.
Returns
  • The value of the variable. The data format varies according to the variable requested.

void installPackage(string path)

Installs the Android application or test package contained in packageFile onto this device. If the application or test package is already installed, it is replaced.

Arguments
path The fully-qualified path and filename of the 
.apk
file to install.

dictionary instrument(string className,dictionary args)

Runs the specified component with Android instrumentation, and returns the results in a dictionary whose exact format is dictated by the component being run. The component must already be present on this device.

Use this method to start a test case that uses one of Android's test case classes. SeeTesting Fundamentals to learn more about unit testing with the Android testing framework.

Arguments
className The name of an Android component that is already installed on this device, in the standard form packagename/classname, where packagename is the Android package name of a
.apk
file on this device, and classname is the class name of an Android component (Activity, ContentProvider, Service, or BroadcastReceiver) in that file. Both packagename and classname must be fully qualified. See
ComponentName
for more details.
args A dictionary containing flags and their values. These are passed to the component as it is started. If the flag does not take a value, set its dictionary value to an empty string.
Returns

  • A dictionary containing the component's output. The contents of the dictionary are defined by the component itself.

    If you use 

    InstrumentationTestRunner
    as the class name in the componentName argument, then the result dictionary contains the single key "stream". The value of "stream" is a string containing the test output, as if 
    InstrumentationTestRunner
    was run from the command line. The format of this output is described inTesting in Other IDEs.

void press(string name,integer type)

Sends the key event specified by 

type
to the key specified by 
keycode
.

Arguments
name The name of the keycode to send. See 
KeyEvent
for a list of keycode names. Use the keycode name, not its integer value.
type The type of key event to send. The allowed values are 
DOWN
,
UP
, and
DOWN_AND_UP
.

void reboot(string bootloadType)

Reboots this device into the bootloader specified by 

bootloadType
.

Arguments
into The type of bootloader to reboot into. The allowed values are "bootloader", "recovery", or "None".

void removePackage(string package)

Deletes the specified package from this device, including its data and cache.

Arguments
package The Android package name of an 
.apk
file on this device.

object shell(string cmd)

Executes an 

adb
shell command and returns the result, if any.

Arguments
cmd The command to execute in the 
adb
shell. The form of these commands is described in the topicAndroid Debug Bridge.
Returns
  • The results of the command, if any. The format of the results is determined by the command.

void startActivity(string uri,string action,string data,string mimetype,iterable categoriesdictionary extras,component component,iterable flags)

Starts an Activity on this device by sending an Intent constructed from the supplied arguments.

Arguments
uri The URI for the Intent. (see 
Intent.setData()
).
action The action for the Intent (see 
Intent.setAction()
).
data The data URI for the Intent (see 
Intent.setData()
).
mimetype The MIME type for the Intent (see 
Intent.setType()
).
categories An iterable data structure containing strings that define categories for the Intent (see
Intent.addCategory()
).
extras A dictionary of extra data for the Intent (see 
Intent.putExtra()
for an example).

The key for each dictionary item should be a string. The item's value can be any simple or structured data type.
component The component for the Intent (see 
ComponentName
). Using this argument will direct the Intent to a specific class within a specific Android package.
flags An iterable data structure containing flags that control how the Intent is handled (see
Intent.setFlags()
).		 

MonkeyImage
takeSnapshot()

Captures the entire screen buffer of this device, yielding a screen capture of the current display.

Returns
  • A MonkeyImage object containing the image of the current display.

void touch(integer x,integer y,string type)

Sends a touch event specified by type to the screen location specified by x and y.

Arguments
x The horizontal position of the touch in actual device pixels, starting from the left of the screen in its current orientation.
y The vertical position of the touch in actual device pixels, starting from the top of the screen in its current orientation.
type The type of key event to send. The allowed values are 
DOWN
,
UP
, and
DOWN_AND_UP
.

void type(string message)

Sends the characters contained in message to this device, as if they had been typed on the device's keyboard. This is equivalent to calling

press()
for each keycode in
message
using the key event type 
DOWN_AND_UP
.

Arguments
message A string containing the characters to send.

void wake()

Wakes the screen of this device.

参考：http://developer.android.com/tools/help/MonkeyDevice.html

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