利用mysql的inet_aton()和inet_ntoa()函数存储IP地址的方法分享

当前很多应用都适用字符串char(15)来存储IP地址（占用16个字节），利用inet_aton()和inet_ntoa()函数，来存储IP地址效率很高，适用unsigned int就可以满足需求，不需要使用bigint，只需要4个字节，节省存储空间，同时效率也高很多

mysql> create table jackbillow (ip int unsigned, namechar(1));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into jackbillow values(inet_aton('192.168.1.200'),'A'), (inet_aton('200.100.30.241'), 'B');

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> insert into jackbillow values(inet_aton('24.89.35.27'),'C'), (inet_aton('100.200.30.22'), 'D');

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from jackbillow;

+------------+------+

| ip | name |

+------------+------+

| 3232235976 | A |

| 3362004721 | B |

| 408494875 | C |

| 1690836502 | D |

+------------+------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from jackbillow where ip =inet_aton('192.168.1.200');

+------------+------+

| ip | name |

+------------+------+

| 3232235976 | A |

+------------+------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select inet_ntoa(ip) from jackbillow;

+----------------+

| inet_ntoa(ip) |

+----------------+

| 192.168.1.200 |

| 200.100.30.241 |

| 24.89.35.27 |

| 100.200.30.22 |

+----------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

当前很多应用都适用字符串char(15)来存储IP地址（占用16个字节），利用inet_aton()和inet_ntoa()函数，来存储IP地址效率很高，适用unsigned int就可以满足需求，不需要使用bigint，只需要4个字节，节省存储空间，同时效率也高很多。

如果IP列有索引，可以使用下面方式查询：

mysql> select inet_aton('100.200.30.22');

+----------------------------+

| inet_aton('100.200.30.22') |

+----------------------------+

| 1690836502 |

+----------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from jackbillow where ip=1690836502;

+------------+------+

| ip | name |

+------------+------+

| 1690836502 | D |

+------------+------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select inet_ntoa(ip),name from jackbillow whereip=1690836502;

+---------------+------+

| inet_ntoa(ip) | name |

+---------------+------+

| 100.200.30.22 | D |

+---------------+------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

对于LIKE操作，可以使用下面方式：

mysql> select inet_ntoa(ip) from jackbillow;

+----------------+

| inet_ntoa(ip) |

+----------------+

| 192.168.1.200 |

| 200.100.30.241 |

| 24.89.35.27 |

| 100.200.30.22 |

| 192.168.1.100 |

| 192.168.1.20 |

| 192.168.2.20 |

+----------------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select inet_aton('192.168.1.0');

+--------------------------+

| inet_aton('192.168.1.0') |

+--------------------------+

| 3232235776 |

+--------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select inet_aton('192.168.1.255');

+----------------------------+

| inet_aton('192.168.1.255') |

+----------------------------+

| 3232236031 |

+----------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select inet_ntoa(ip) from jackbillow where ip between3232235776 and 3232236031;

+---------------+

| inet_ntoa(ip) |

+---------------+

| 192.168.1.200 |

| 192.168.1.100 |

| 192.168.1.20 |

+---------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select inet_ntoa(ip) from jackbillow where ip betweeninet_aton('192.168.1.0') and inet_aton('192.168.1.255');

+---------------+

| inet_ntoa(ip) |

+---------------+

| 192.168.1.200 |

| 192.168.1.100 |

| 192.168.1.20 |

+---------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)