MySQL-5.6.14基于GTID及多线程的复制

实验环境 RHEL-6.6-x86_64

两台主机 MASTER 192.168.1.5 hostname : master.mingxiao.info
SLAVE 192.168.1.6 hostname : slave.mingxiao.info

GTID简介

GTID（Global Transaction Identifier)是每一个事务提交时创建的一个全局唯一的标示符。
GTID由UUID:TID组成。
MySQL的UUID是怎么获得的呢？当启动MySQL时，尝试读取datadir/auto.cnf中的UUID，若没找到，生成一个新的UUID，并保存至auto.cnf文件中。MySQL5.6版本，复制的时候，主从都直到对应的UUID，可通过SHOW SLAVE HOSTS看到。
TID（transaction_id)是已提交的事务数量，随事务提交而递增。

GTID作用
可以定位事务是在哪个实例上提交的

方便复制时故障转移




若Server A故障，需要将业务切换到Server B上。同时，我们又需要将Server C的复制源改成Server B，修改可使用CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='XXX', MASTER_USER='XXX', MASTER_USER='XXX',MASTER_PASSWORD='XXX',MASTER_LOG_FILE='XXX',MASTER_LOG_POS='XXX'即可.由于同一个事务在每台机器上所在的binlog名字和位置都不一样，很难找到Server C当前同步停止点对应的MASTER_LOG_FILE和MASTER_LOG_POS是什么。
但是出现GTID后，就变得非常简单，由于同一事务的GTID在所有节点都一致，则根据Server C的当前停止点的GTID就能唯一定位到Server B上的GTID。由于MASTER_AUTO_POSITION功能的出现，我们根本不需要GTID的具体值，直接使用CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='XXX', MASTER_USER='XXX', MASTER_PASSWORD='XXX', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;就可以完成故障转移的工作。

具体步骤

具体步骤

1、同步时间
2、两台主机分别初始化MySQL
3、修改配置文件

master上my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/mydata/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
innodb-file-per-table = 1
server_id = 1
log-bin=master-bin
gtid-mode=on
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
report-port=3306
port=3306
report-host=master.mingxiao.info
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

slave上my.cnf

[mysqld]
log-bin=master-bin
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=11
report-port=3306
port=3306
log-bin=mysql-bin.log
datadir=/mydata/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=slave.mingxiao.info
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

master上

mysql > GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'192.168.1.6' IDENTIFIED BY 'xiaoming';
mysql > FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

slave上

mysql > GRANT MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.5', MASTER_USER='repluser',MASTER_PASSWORD='xiaoming',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
mysql > START SLAVE;

即可。

在master上查看从服务器信息。

mysql> SHOW SLAVE HOSTS;
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| Server_id | Host                | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID                           |
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
|        11 | slave.mingxiao.info | 3306 |         1 | 20459c95-f484-11e4-82a4-000c29c05a8a |
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在slave查看从服务器状态

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.5
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 332
Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000007
Relay_Log_Pos: 451
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 332
Relay_Log_Space: 955
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: e168e12e-f5fc-11e4-8c3d-000c29b4e41b
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: e168e12e-f5fc-11e4-8c3d-000c29b4e41b:1-5
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

本文出自 “在路上” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://mingxiao.blog.51cto.com/8124243/1651379