第九周阅读程序一：学生信息管理系统

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
#define MAX 100

class CDate  // 定义日期类
{
private:
unsigned short int year;   // 年
unsigned short int month;  // 月
unsigned short int day;    // 日
public:
CDate(int y=0,int m=0,int d=0);
bool operator < (CDate d);
friend istream & operator >> (istream &in,CDate &d);
friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &out,CDate &d);
friend bool CheckValid(CDate d);
friend bool LeapYear(int year);
void SetDate(int y,int m,int d);
};
CDate::CDate(int y,int m,int d):year(y),month(m),day(d) {}
// 设置日期
void CDate::SetDate(int y,int m,int d)
{
year=y;
month=m;
day=d;
}
// 重载输入运算符>>
istream &operator>>(istream &in,CDate &d)
{
char ch1,ch2;
cout<<"请输入日期(输入格式：YYYY-MM-DD)：";
while(1)
{
cin>>d.year>>ch1>>d.month>>ch2>>d.day;
if (ch1=='-' && ch2=='-')
if (CheckValid(d)) break;
cerr<<"时间格式或取值不正确! 请重新输入\n";
}
return cin;
}
// 重载输出运算符<<
ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,CDate &d)
{
out<<d.year<<"年"<<d.month<<"月"<<d.day<<"日";
return out;
}
// 判断日期d1<d2
bool CDate::operator < (CDate d)
{
if (year<d.year) return true;
if (year>d.year) return false;
if (month<d.month) return true;
if (month>d.month) return false;
if (day<d.day) return true;
return false;
}

// 检查是否为闰年
bool LeapYear(int year)
{
if ((year%4==0 && year%100) || year%400==0)
return true;
return false;
}

// 检查日期合法性
bool CheckValid(CDate d)
{
int n;
if (d.month<1 || d.month>12) return false;
if (d.day<1) return false;
n=31;
switch(d.month)
{
case 2:
if (LeapYear(d.year))
n=29;
else
n=28;
break;
case 4:
case 6:
case 9:
case 11:
n=30;
break;
}
if (d.day>n) return false;
return true;
}

class CStudent
{
private:
char *name;              // 姓名
bool sex;                // 性别
CDate date;              // 出生日期，类对象作数据成员
public:
static int num;          // 学生人数
CStudent();
void InputData();
friend void Sort();      // 排序
friend void FindName();  // 按姓名查询
friend void Statistic(); // 按性别统计
friend void Display();   // 显示全部信息
} stu[MAX];
int CStudent::num=0;
CStudent::CStudent() {}
// 输入信息
void CStudent::InputData()
{
int p;
char s[41];
cout<<"请输入学生信息（NO."<<num<<"）：\n";
cout<<"姓名：";
cin>>s;
name=new char[strlen(s)+1];
strcpy(name,s);
cout<<"性别(1-男，0-女)：";
cin>>p;
if (p)  sex=true;
else sex=false;
cin>>date;
cout<<endl;
}
// 排序
void Sort()
{
int i,j,p,num;
char *tn;
bool ts;
CDate td;
num=CStudent::num;
for(i=1; i<num; i++)
{
p=i;
for(j=i+1; j<=num; j++)
if (stu[j].date<stu[p].date) p=j;//找到当前未排序元素中年龄最小的对象的下标
if (p==i) continue;
//下面交换stu[i]和stu[p]
tn=stu[i].name;
stu[i].name=stu[p].name;
stu[p].name=tn;
ts=stu[i].sex;
stu[i].sex=stu[p].sex;
stu[p].sex=ts;
td=stu[i].date;
stu[i].date=stu[p].date;
stu[p].date=td;
}
}
// 按姓名查询
void FindName()
{
char name[41];
int i,num;
cout<<"请输入姓名：";
cin>>name;
num=CStudent::num;
for(i=1; i<=num; i++)
if (strcmp(stu[i].name,name)==0) break;
if (i>num)
{
cout<<"查无此人!"<<endl<<endl;
return;
}
//如果查到了，显示学生信息
cout<<"姓名："<<stu[i].name<<endl;
cout<<"性别：";
if (stu[i].sex)
cout<<"男"<<endl;
else
cout<<"女"<<endl;
cout<<"生日："<<stu[i].date<<endl;
cout<<endl;
}
// 按性别统计
void Statistic()
{
int i,num,s1,s0;
num=CStudent::num;
s1=0;
s0=0;
for(i=1; i<=num; i++)
if (stu[i].sex==1)
s1++;
else
s0++;
cout<<"男生人数："<<s1<<endl;
cout<<"女生人数："<<s0<<endl;
cout<<endl;
}

// 显示全部信息
void Display()
{
int i,num;
num=CStudent::num;
for(i=1; i<=num; i++)
{
cout<<stu[i].name<<"\t";
if (stu[i].sex)
cout<<"男";
else
cout<<"女";
cout<<"\t"<<stu[i].date<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
}

int main()
{
char *menu[]= { "","输入信息","排序","按姓名查询","按性别统计","显示全部信息","退出" };
int i,p;
bool end;
end=false;
while(!end)
{
for(i=1; i<7; i++)
cout<<i<<"  "<<menu[i]<<endl;
cin>>p;
switch(p)
{
case 1:                          // 输入信息
CStudent::num++;
stu[CStudent::num].InputData();
break;
case 2:                          // 排序
Sort();
break;
case 3:                          // 按姓名查询
FindName();
break;
case 4:                          // 按性别统计人数
Statistic();
break;
case 5:                          // 显示全部信息
Display();
break;
case 6:                          // 退出
end=true;
break;
}
}
return 0;
}