不损坏数据的情况下 linux磁盘如何扩展 LVM格式

方式：LVM方式

第一步 增加分区：
1、VM―>编辑设置―>硬盘 下扩大磁盘（菜单操作不再赘复）。
2、使用fdisk 命令
fdisk /dev/sda
＃用n命令建个P类型的磁盘，然后用t命令更改ID为8e（LVM类别）。
# p查看一下：
Disk /dev/sda: 17.1 GB, 17179869184 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 1045 1545 4024282+ 8e Linux LVM
最后w保存
3、重启一下服务器，不然挂载不上新建的sda3、sda4，

备注：如果在原来的VM磁盘基础上来扩大，一定要重启服务器。不然有可能报错。
如下报错No free sectors available

第二步 加入VLM:
root#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda3 ##格式化新增的分区）

root#lvm
lvm>pvcreate /dev/sda3 ##创建LVM硬分区
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created
lvm> vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/sda3 ##加入与/目录同一个LVM组
Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully extended
查看一下：
lvm>pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name VolGroup00
PV Size 7.90 GB / not usable 23.41 MB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size (KByte) 32768
Total PE 252
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 252
PV UUID ua5FJN-jSLL-bGkp-w0XO-N8JG-MBR0-1yDzGW

--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda3
VG Name VolGroup00
PV Size 3.84 GB / not usable 25.96 MB
Allocatable yes
PE Size (KByte) 32768
Total PE 122
Free PE 122
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID mHKWzk-mQ1o-jkQB-0DZC-PVqW-w2R9-14y19G
把sda3变为LVM的虚拟磁盘（增加容量的关键）
lvm>vgextend /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol102 /dev/sda3
第三步 增加 /目录容量
lvm> lvextend -L +3.8G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
Rounding up size to full physical extent 3.81 GB
Extending logical volume LogVol00 to 9.69 GB
Logical volume LogVol00 successfully resized
# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 ##还要重新一下识别磁盘容量
resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 to 2539520 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 is now 2539520 blocks long.

最终确认结果：
lvm> lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID r9eG4x-njBD-z2HT-lmL2-2l81-P3XV-KVd0e4
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 9.69 GB
Current LE 310
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0

增加一块新硬盘

1。增加前先关闭VM，然后编辑VM属性，增加一个vritual disk（scsi），其实是增加一个虚拟磁盘文件。

hard disk2就是我新增加的

2。查看目前的磁盘结构

[root@mail ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 905 7164990 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
//说明磁盘/dev/sdb还没有被系统识别

3。分区

[root@mail ~]# fdisk /dev/sbd

Command (m for help): n //输入m获得帮助信息，n创建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p //创建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 //指定分区的起始柱面
First cylinder (1-130, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-130, default 130): //设置分区容量，直接回车表示全部
Using default value 130

Command (m for help): t //改变一个分区的系统ID
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): L //查看文件类型对应的Hex

85 Linux extended //linux ext3的hex是85

Hex code (type L to list codes): 85
You cannot change a partition into an extended one or vice versa
Delete it first.

Command (m for help): p //列出当前硬盘的分区

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 130 1044193+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w //保存
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

4。查看现在的分区

[root@mail ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 905 7164990 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 130 1044193+ 83 Linux

5。格式化分区

[root@mail ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 //格式化成ext3格式

6。挂载分区

[root@mail ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /tmp
[root@mail ~]# df -h /tmp
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1 1004M 1.3M 952M 1% /tmp

7。自动挂载

修改/etc/fstab

增加一行

/dev/sdb1 /sdb1 ext3 defaults 0 0
重起

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