VS2012下基于Glut glRotatef glTranslatef示例程序

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VS2012下基于Glut glRotatef glTranslatef示例程序：

文章来源：

文章来源：/article/8141279.html
Demo使用glRotatef
，glTranslatef来实现一个太阳、地球、月亮运动的3D图形。
1.glTranslatef() ——模型变换函数 移动
void glTranslatef(GLfloat x, GLfloat y,
GLfloat z);
这个函数表示模型是怎样移动的。举个例子：
glTranslatef(-1.0,0.0,-2.0);//表示物体沿x负方向移动1.0，沿z轴负方向移动2.0。
2.glRotatef()——模型变换函数 旋转
void glRotatef(GLfloat angle, GLfloat x,
GLfloat y, GLfloat z);
angle表示旋转的角度（注意单位不是弧度），(x,y,z)表示转轴。举个例子：
glRotatef(45.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);//表示模型沿着(0,0,1)这个轴旋转45°。

3.glPerspective() ——投影变换函数 透视投影
void gluPerspective(GLdouble fovy, GLdouble aspect,
GLdouble zNear, GLdouble zFar);
glPerspective函数的相关参数代表的意义参看下图：

fovy视角宽度

aspect：w/h



平移、旋转、以及缩放效果：



正交投影以及透视投影：



正交投影下显示效果：



右击鼠标右键菜单选择是否显示坐标轴以及透视和正交投影模式：



透视投影：



源代码：

[cpp] view
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// GlutSolarDemo.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。

//

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <gl/glut.h>

#include <math.h>

//圆周率宏

#define GL_PI 3.1415f

//获取屏幕的宽度

GLint SCREEN_WIDTH=0;

GLint SCREEN_HEIGHT=0;

//设置程序的窗口大小

GLint windowWidth=400;

GLint windowHeight=300;

//绕x轴旋转角度

GLfloat xRotAngle=0.0f;

//绕y轴旋转角度

GLfloat yRotAngle=0.0f;

//受支持的点大小范围

GLfloat sizes[2];

//受支持的点大小增量

GLfloat step;

//最大的投影矩阵堆栈深度

GLint iMaxProjectionStackDepth;

//最大的模型视图矩阵堆栈深度

GLint iMaxModeviewStackDepth;

//最大的纹理矩阵堆栈深度

GLint iMaxTextureStackDepth;

GLfloat whiteLight[] = { 0.4f, 0.4f, 0.4f, 1.0f };

GLfloat sourceLight[] = { 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f };

GLfloat lightPos[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };

GLint iCoordinateaxis=2;

GLint iProjectionMode=1;

void changSize(GLint w,GLint h);

//菜单回调函数

void processMenu(int value){

switch(value){

case 1:

iCoordinateaxis=1;

break;

case 2:

iCoordinateaxis=2;

break;

case 3:

iProjectionMode=1;

//强制调用窗口大小变化回调函数，更改投影模式为正交投影

changSize(glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH),glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT));

break;

case 4:

iProjectionMode=2;

//强制调用窗口大小变化回调函数，更改投影模式为透视投影

changSize(glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH),glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT));

break;

default:

break;

}

//重新绘制

glutPostRedisplay();

}

//显示回调函数

void renderScreen(void){

static float fMoonRot = 0.0f;

static float fEarthRot = 0.0f;

//将窗口颜色清理为黑色

glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);

//把整个窗口清理为当前清理颜色：黑色；清除深度缓冲区。

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

//将当前Matrix状态入栈

glPushMatrix();

if(2==iProjectionMode)

glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -250.0f); //透视投影为便于观察整个坐标系往内移动250个单位

//坐标系绕x轴旋转xRotAngle

glRotatef(xRotAngle,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);

//坐标系绕y轴旋转yRotAngle

glRotatef(yRotAngle,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);

//进行平滑处理　

glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH);

glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH,GL_NICEST);

glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH);

glHint(GL_LINE_SMOOTH,GL_NICEST);

glEnable(GL_BLEND);

glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA,GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);

//白色绘制坐标系

if(1==iCoordinateaxis){

glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);

glBegin(GL_LINES);

glVertex3f(-90.0f,00.0f,0.0f);

glVertex3f(90.0f,0.0f,0.0f);

glVertex3f(0.0f,-90.0f,0.0f);

glVertex3f(0.0f,90.0f,0.0f);

glVertex3f(0.0f,0.0f,-90.0f);

glVertex3f(0.0f,0.0f,90.0f);

glEnd();

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef(90.0f,0.0f,0.0f);

glRotatef(90.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);

glutSolidCone(3,6,10,10);

glPopMatrix();

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef(0.0f,90.0f,0.0f);

glRotatef(-90.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);

glutSolidCone(3,6,10,10);

glPopMatrix();

glPushMatrix();

glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,90.0f);

glRotatef(70.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);

glutSolidCone(3,6,10,10);

glPopMatrix();

}

glPushMatrix();

glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);

//Draw sun at(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f)

glColor3ub(255, 255, 0);

glutSolidSphere(15.0f, 30, 17);

glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);

//Move the light after we draw the sun!

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,lightPos);

//Rotate coordinate system

glColor3ub(0,0,255);

glRotatef(fEarthRot, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

fEarthRot += 5.0f;

if(fEarthRot > 360.0f)

fEarthRot = 0.0f;

glTranslatef(105.0f,0.0f,0.0f);

//Draw the Earth

glutSolidSphere(15.0f, 30, 17);

//Rotate from Earth based coordinates and draw Moon

glColor3ub(200,200,200);

glRotatef(fMoonRot,0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

fMoonRot+= 15.0f;

if(fMoonRot > 360.0f)

fMoonRot = 0.0f;

glTranslatef(30.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);

glutSolidSphere(6.0f, 30, 17);

glPopMatrix();

//恢复压入栈的Matrix

glPopMatrix();

//交换两个缓冲区的指针

glutSwapBuffers();

}

//设置Redering State

void setupRederingState(void){

// Enable lighting

glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);

// Setup and enable light 0

glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT,whiteLight);

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_DIFFUSE,sourceLight);

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,lightPos);

glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);

// Enable color tracking

glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);

// Set Material properties to follow glColor values

glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);

glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); //使能深度测试

glFrontFace(GL_CCW); //多边形正面为逆时针方向

glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); //不显示背面

//设置清理颜色为黑色

glClearColor(0.0f,0.0,0.0,1.0f);

//设置绘画颜色为绿色

glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);

//使能深度测试

glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

//获取受支持的点大小范围

glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_RANGE,sizes);

//获取受支持的点大小增量

glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_GRANULARITY,&step);

//获取最大的投影矩阵堆栈深度

glGetIntegerv( GL_MAX_PROJECTION_STACK_DEPTH,&iMaxProjectionStackDepth);

//获取最大的模型视图矩阵堆栈深度

glGetIntegerv( GL_MAX_MODELVIEW_STACK_DEPTH,&iMaxModeviewStackDepth);

//获取最大的纹理矩阵堆栈深度

glGetIntegerv( GL_MAX_TEXTURE_STACK_DEPTH,&iMaxTextureStackDepth);

printf("point size range:%f-%f\n",sizes[0],sizes[1]);

printf("point step:%f\n",step);

printf("iMaxProjectionStackDepth=%d\n",iMaxProjectionStackDepth);

printf("iMaxModeviewStackDepth=%d\n",iMaxModeviewStackDepth);

printf("iMaxTextureStackDepth=%d\n",iMaxTextureStackDepth);

}

//窗口大小变化回调函数

void changSize(GLint w,GLint h){

//横宽比率

GLfloat ratio;

//设置坐标系为x(-100.0f,100.0f)、y(-100.0f,100.0f)、z(-100.0f,100.0f)

GLfloat coordinatesize=120.0f;

//窗口宽高为零直接返回

if((w==0)||(h==0))

return;

//设置视口和窗口大小一致

glViewport(0,0,w,h);

//对投影矩阵应用随后的矩阵操作

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);

//重置当前指定的矩阵为单位矩阵　

glLoadIdentity();

ratio=(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h;

//正交投影

if(1==iProjectionMode){

printf("glOrtho\n");

if(w<h)

glOrtho(-coordinatesize,coordinatesize,-coordinatesize/ratio,coordinatesize/ratio,-coordinatesize*2.0f,coordinatesize*2.0f);

else

glOrtho(-coordinatesize*ratio,coordinatesize*ratio,-coordinatesize,coordinatesize,-coordinatesize*2.0f,coordinatesize*2.0f);

//当前矩阵设置为模型视图矩阵

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

//重置当前指定的矩阵为单位矩阵　

glLoadIdentity();

}

else{

printf("gluPerspective\n");

gluPerspective(45,ratio,10.0f,500.0f);

//当前矩阵设置为模型视图矩阵

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

//重置当前指定的矩阵为单位矩阵　

glLoadIdentity();

}

}

//按键输入处理回调函数

void specialKey(int key,int x,int y){

if(key==GLUT_KEY_UP){

xRotAngle-=5.0f;

}

else if(key==GLUT_KEY_DOWN){

xRotAngle+=5.0f;

}

else if(key==GLUT_KEY_LEFT){

yRotAngle-=5.0f;

}

else if(key==GLUT_KEY_RIGHT){

yRotAngle+=5.0f;

}

//重新绘制

glutPostRedisplay();

}

void timerFunc(int value)

{

glutPostRedisplay();

glutTimerFunc(100, timerFunc, 1);

}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

//菜单

GLint iMainMenu;

GLint iCoordinateaxisMenu;

GLint iOrthoOrPerspectMenu;

//初始化glut

glutInit(&argc,argv);

//使用双缓冲区、深度缓冲区。

glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_RGBA|GLUT_DEPTH);

//获取系统的宽像素

SCREEN_WIDTH=glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_WIDTH);

//获取系统的高像素

SCREEN_HEIGHT=glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_HEIGHT);

//创建窗口，窗口名字为OpenGL Solar Demo

glutCreateWindow("OpenGL Solar Demo");

//设置窗口大小

glutReshapeWindow(windowWidth,windowHeight);

//窗口居中显示

glutPositionWindow((SCREEN_WIDTH-windowWidth)/2,(SCREEN_HEIGHT-windowHeight)/2);

//窗口大小变化时的处理函数

glutReshapeFunc(changSize);

//设置显示回调函数

glutDisplayFunc(renderScreen);

//设置按键输入处理回调函数

glutSpecialFunc(specialKey);

//菜单回调函数

iCoordinateaxisMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu);

//添加菜单

glutAddMenuEntry("Display coordinate axis",1);

glutAddMenuEntry("Don't dispaly coordinate axis",2);

iOrthoOrPerspectMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu);

glutAddMenuEntry("Ortho",3);

glutAddMenuEntry("Perspect",4);

iMainMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu);

glutAddSubMenu("Display or hide coordinate axis",iCoordinateaxisMenu);

glutAddSubMenu("Ortho Or Perspect",iOrthoOrPerspectMenu);

//将菜单榜定到鼠标右键上

glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON);

glutTimerFunc(250,timerFunc, 1);

//设置全局渲染参数

setupRederingState();

glutMainLoop();

return 0;

}