Android进阶(三)android httpClient 支持HTTPS的访问方式

项目中Android https请求地址遇到了这个异常(无终端认证)：

javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificate

是SSL协议中没有终端认证。

没有遇到过的问题，于是无奈的去找度娘。。。。。。。，各种问题，各种纠结。。。。。。

看了不少大神的博客后得到的解决方案如下：

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:14px;">/**
* Post请求连接Https服务
* @param serverURL  请求地址
* @param jsonStr    请求报文
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static synchronized String doHttpsPost(String serverURL, String jsonStr)throws Exception {
<span style="color:#009900;">// 参数 </span>
HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
<span style="color:#33cc00;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;">// 设置连接超时 </span>
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, 3000);
<span style="color:#009900;">// 设置socket超时 </span>
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, 3000);
<span style="color:#009900;">// 获取HttpClient对象 （认证） </span>
HttpClient hc = initHttpClient(httpParameters);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(serverURL);
<span style="color:#006600;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;">// 发送数据类型 </span>
post.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
<span style="color:#009900;"> // 接受数据类型 </span>
post.addHeader("Accept", "application/json");
<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color:#006600;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;"> // 请求报文 </span></span>
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonStr, "UTF-8");
post.setEntity(entity);
post.setParams(httpParameters);
HttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = hc.execute(post);
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
throw new Exception("Unable to access " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
int sCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (sCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
} else
throw new Exception("StatusCode is " + sCode);
}

private static HttpClient client = null;
/**
* 初始化HttpClient对象
* @param params
* @return
*/
public static synchronized HttpClient initHttpClient(HttpParams params) {
if(client == null){
try {
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
trustStore.load(null, null);

SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactoryImp(trustStore);
//允许所有主机的验证
sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
// 设置http和https支持
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));

ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);

return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return new DefaultHttpClient(params);
}
}
return client;
}

public static class SSLSocketFactoryImp extends SSLSocketFactory {
final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

public SSLSocketFactoryImp(KeyStore truststore)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException,
KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
super(truststore);

TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}

@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType)
throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
}

@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType)
throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
}
};
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
}

@Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port,
boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host,
port, autoClose);
}

@Override
public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
}
}</span>

run下，小手发抖的点到测试按钮，深吸口气，咦？没反应。。。马蛋的，工作线程忘记start()，唉，再次run下，终于的有点反应了，神奇的竟然没有报之前的 javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificate 的异常了。服务端的数据正常返回了。

分析问题：

HTTPS:超文本安全传输协议，和HTTP相比，多了一个SSL/TSL的认证过程，端口为443。

1.peer终端发送一个request，https服务端把支持的加密算法等以证书的形式返回一个身份信息（包含ca颁发机构和加密公钥等）。

2.获取证书之后，验证证书合法性。

3.随机产生一个密钥，并以证书当中的公钥加密。

4.request https服务端，把用公钥加密过的密钥传送给https服务端。

5.https服务端用自己的密钥解密，获取随机值。

6.之后双方传送数据都用此密钥加密后通信。

HTTPS流程清楚后，问题也就明显了，验证证书时，无法验证。

上面提供的解决方案就是添加默认信任全部证书。以此来通过接下来的通信。

但是，这样问题是解决了。但是觉得还是不带靠谱（信任全部证书有点危险）。继续噼噼啪啪的网上搜索一番。又找到了一种解决方案，其过程大致这样的：

1.浏览器访问https地址，保存提示的证书到本地，放到android项目中的assets目录。

2.导入证书，代码如下。

3.把证书添加为信任。

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:14px;">public static String requestHTTPSPage(Context context, String mUrl) {
InputStream ins = null;
String result = "";
try {
ins = context.getAssets().open("my.key"); // 下载的证书放到项目中的assets目录中
CertificateFactory cerFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
Certificate cer = cerFactory.generateCertificate(ins);
KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12", "BC");
keyStore.load(null, null);
keyStore.setCertificateEntry("trust", cer);

SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLSocketFactory(keyStore);
Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", socketFactory, 443);
HttpClient mHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
mHttpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(sch);

BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
request.setURI(new URI(mUrl));
HttpResponse response = mHttpClient.execute(request);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {
request.abort();
return result;
}

reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response
.getEntity().getContent()));
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
result = buffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
reader.close();
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (ins != null)
ins.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result; </span>