Android进阶(三)android httpClient 支持HTTPS的访问方式

项目中Android https请求地址遇到了这个异常(无终端认证)：

javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificate



是SSL协议中没有终端认证。



没有遇到过的问题，于是无奈的去找度娘。。。。。。。，各种问题，各种纠结。。。。。。



看了不少大神的博客后得到的解决方案如下：

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:14px;">/** 
  * Post请求连接Https服务 
  * @param serverURL  请求地址 
  * @param jsonStr    请求报文 
  * @return 
  * @throws Exception 
  */ 
 public static synchronized String doHttpsPost(String serverURL, String jsonStr)throws Exception { 
     <span style="color:#009900;">// 参数 </span>
     HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams(); 
    <span style="color:#33cc00;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;">// 设置连接超时 </span>
     HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, 3000); 
     <span style="color:#009900;">// 设置socket超时 </span>
     HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, 3000); 
     <span style="color:#009900;">// 获取HttpClient对象 （认证） </span>
     HttpClient hc = initHttpClient(httpParameters); 
     HttpPost post = new HttpPost(serverURL); 
    <span style="color:#006600;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;">// 发送数据类型 </span>
     post.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); 
    <span style="color:#009900;"> // 接受数据类型 </span>
     post.addHeader("Accept", "application/json"); 
   <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color:#006600;"> </span><span style="color:#009900;"> // 请求报文 </span></span>
     StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonStr, "UTF-8"); 
     post.setEntity(entity); 
     post.setParams(httpParameters); 
     HttpResponse response = null; 
     try { 
         response = hc.execute(post); 
     } catch (UnknownHostException e) { 
         throw new Exception("Unable to access " + e.getLocalizedMessage()); 
     } catch (SocketException e) { 
         e.printStackTrace(); 
     } 
     int sCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); 
     if (sCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { 
         return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); 
     } else 
         throw new Exception("StatusCode is " + sCode); 
 } 
 
 private static HttpClient client = null; 
 /** 
  * 初始化HttpClient对象 
  * @param params 
  * @return 
  */ 
 public static synchronized HttpClient initHttpClient(HttpParams params) { 
     if(client == null){ 
         try { 
             KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType()); 
             trustStore.load(null, null); 
               
             SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactoryImp(trustStore); 
             //允许所有主机的验证 
             sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER); 
               
             HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1); 
             HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8); 
             // 设置http和https支持 
             SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry(); 
             registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80)); 
             registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443)); 
               
             ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry); 
               
             return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params); 
         } catch (Exception e) { 
             e.printStackTrace(); 
             return new DefaultHttpClient(params); 
         } 
     } 
     return client; 
 } 
 
public static class SSLSocketFactoryImp extends SSLSocketFactory { 
     final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); 
 
     public SSLSocketFactoryImp(KeyStore truststore) 
             throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, 
             KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException { 
         super(truststore); 
 
         TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() { 
             public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { 
                 return null; 
             } 
 
             @Override 
             public void checkClientTrusted( 
                     java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain, 
                     String authType) 
                     throws java.security.cert.CertificateException { 
             } 
 
             @Override 
             public void checkServerTrusted( 
                     java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain, 
                     String authType) 
                     throws java.security.cert.CertificateException { 
             } 
         }; 
         sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null); 
     } 
 
     @Override 
     public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, 
             boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException { 
         return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, 
                 port, autoClose); 
     } 
 
     @Override 
     public Socket createSocket() throws IOException { 
         return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(); 
     } 
 }</span>

run下，小手发抖的点到测试按钮，深吸口气，咦？没反应。。。马蛋的，工作线程忘记start()，唉，再次run下，终于的有点反应了，神奇的竟然没有报之前的 javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificate 的异常了。服务端的数据正常返回了。



分析问题：

HTTPS:超文本安全传输协议，和HTTP相比，多了一个SSL/TSL的认证过程，端口为443。



1.peer终端发送一个request，https服务端把支持的加密算法等以证书的形式返回一个身份信息（包含ca颁发机构和加密公钥等）。



2.获取证书之后，验证证书合法性。



3.随机产生一个密钥，并以证书当中的公钥加密。



4.request https服务端，把用公钥加密过的密钥传送给https服务端。



5.https服务端用自己的密钥解密，获取随机值。



6.之后双方传送数据都用此密钥加密后通信。



HTTPS流程清楚后，问题也就明显了，验证证书时，无法验证。



上面提供的解决方案就是添加默认信任全部证书。以此来通过接下来的通信。



但是，这样问题是解决了。但是觉得还是不带靠谱（信任全部证书有点危险）。继续噼噼啪啪的网上搜索一番。又找到了一种解决方案，其过程大致这样的：



1.浏览器访问https地址，保存提示的证书到本地，放到android项目中的assets目录。



2.导入证书，代码如下。



3.把证书添加为信任。

<span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:14px;">public static String requestHTTPSPage(Context context, String mUrl) { 
        InputStream ins = null; 
        String result = ""; 
        try { 
            ins = context.getAssets().open("my.key"); // 下载的证书放到项目中的assets目录中 
            CertificateFactory cerFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509"); 
            Certificate cer = cerFactory.generateCertificate(ins); 
            KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12", "BC"); 
            keyStore.load(null, null); 
            keyStore.setCertificateEntry("trust", cer); 
  
            SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLSocketFactory(keyStore); 
            Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", socketFactory, 443); 
            HttpClient mHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); 
            mHttpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(sch); 
  
            BufferedReader reader = null; 
            try { 
                HttpGet request = new HttpGet(); 
                request.setURI(new URI(mUrl)); 
                HttpResponse response = mHttpClient.execute(request); 
                if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) { 
                    request.abort(); 
                    return result; 
                } 
  
                reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response 
                        .getEntity().getContent())); 
                StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); 
                String line = null; 
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { 
                    buffer.append(line); 
                } 
                result = buffer.toString(); 
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } finally { 
                if (reader != null) { 
                    reader.close(); 
                } 
            } 
        } catch (Exception e) { 
            e.printStackTrace(); 
        } finally { 
            try { 
                if (ins != null) 
                    ins.close(); 
            } catch (IOException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } 
        } 
        return result; </span>