Python服务器与多种客户端（Python/Java/Android）之间的通信

概述：

我们不会一直满足于客户端程序的开发，因为太过受限了。为了打破这样的受限，你需要做的就是去编写服务器端代码。以及如何在服务器与客户端之间的通信。以下将对此以Python为服务器，并分别以Python、Java、Android为客户端作一个简单的介绍。

服务器端：

test_tcp_server.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

from socket import *
from time import ctime

HOST = ''
PORT = 21567
BUFSIZ = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
tcpSerSock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
tcpSerSock.listen(5)

while True:
print 'waiting for connection...'
tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()
print '...connected from:', addr

while True:
data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
if not data:
break
tcpCliSock.send('get your data:%s\n[%s]' % (data, ctime()))

tcpCliSock.close

tcpSerSock.close

对于上面的代码，有一点需要我们来注意一下。tcpSerSock.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1)。当然如果你高兴，可以不加上这一句，不过不加这一句的后果就是上面的端口不能再复用。

客户端：

1.python

#!/usr/bin/env python

from socket import *

HOST = 'input your host ip'
PORT = 21567
BUFSIZ = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)

while True:
data = raw_input('> ')
if not data:
break
tcpCliSock.send(data)

recv_data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
if not recv_data:
break
print recv_data

tcpCliSock.close()

2.Java

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

Socket socket = new Socket(HOST, PORT);
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
outputStream.write(("Hello server with java").getBytes());
outputStream.flush();
System.out.println(socket);

InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
int n = is.read(bytes);
System.out.println(new String(bytes, 0, n));

is.close();
socket.close();
}

运行效果图：

3.Android

public class TCPClientActivity extends Activity {

private int getLayoutResID() {
return R.layout.activity_tcp_client;
}

private final int HANDLER_MSG_TELL_RECV = 0x124;

private EditText mHostEditText = null;
private EditText mPortEditText = null;
private EditText mContentEditText = null;

private Button mSubmitButton = null;
private Button mCancelButton = null;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(getLayoutResID());

initEvent();
}

private void initEvent() {
initViews();

setViews();
}

private void initViews() {
mHostEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.client_method_editText);
mPortEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.client_mode_editText);
mContentEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.client_content_editText);

mSubmitButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.client_submit_button);
mCancelButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.client_cancel_button);
}

private void setViews() {
mSubmitButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
String host = mHostEditText.getText().toString();
String port = mPortEditText.getText().toString();
String content = mContentEditText.getText().toString();

Toast.makeText(TCPClientActivity.this, host + ", " + port + ", " + content, 0).show();
startNetThread(host, Integer.parseInt(port), content);
}
});

mCancelButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
setEmptyEdittext();
}
});
}

private void startNetThread(final String host, final int port, final String data) {
Thread thread = new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Socket socket = new Socket(host, port);
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
outputStream.write((data).getBytes());
outputStream.flush();
System.out.println(socket);

InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
int n = is.read(bytes);
System.out.println(new String(bytes, 0, n));

Message msg = handler.obtainMessage(HANDLER_MSG_TELL_RECV, new String(bytes, 0, n));
msg.sendToTarget();

is.close();
socket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
};

thread.start();
}

Handler handler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(TCPClientActivity.this);
builder.setMessage("来自服务器的数据：" + (String)msg.obj);
builder.create().show();
};
};

private void setEmptyEdittext() {
mHostEditText.setText("");
mPortEditText.setText("");
mContentEditText.setText("");
}
}

运行效果图：



备注：对于上面的客户端程序，我想是没有什么问题的。不过如果你只是原原本本按照上面的流程来走，可能会运行不了。因为你Linux中的防火墙受限，在实验中我们通常选择关闭防火墙：

# /etc/init.d/iptables stop