Cent OS 中LAMP 环境源码搭建

导读：什么是LAMP？
LAMP指的Linux（操作系统）、ApacheHTTP 服务器，MySQL（有时也指MariaDB，数据库软件） 和PHP（有时也是指Perl或Python） 的第一个字母，一般用来建立web应用平台。

本案环境与说明：
环境

[root@bright ~]# cat /etc/centos-release && uname -r
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64

软件版本：

mysql-5.7.6-m16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz
apr-1.5.1.tar.gz
apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
libmcrypt-2.5.6.tar.gz
php-5.6.6.tar.gz

文中所用软件下载地址： http://mirrors.sohu.com/ http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/ ftp://mcrypt.hellug.gr/pub/crypto/mcrypt/libmcrypt
一、安装MySQL
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.6-m16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@bright ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@bright ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.6-m16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@bright ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@bright local]# mv /root/mysql-5.7.6-m16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 .
[root@bright local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.6-m16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
[root@bright local]# cd mysql
[root@bright mysql]# mkdir /data/mysql
[root@bright mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@bright mysql]# chown -R mysql /data/mysql
[root@bright mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
[root@bright mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
[root@bright mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ y
[root@bright mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@bright mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@bright mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@bright mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@bright mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

二、安装Apache

Centos6 yum安装的apr版本已经不适用httpd-2.4版本了。所以，需要源码编译apr以及apr-util
wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.5.1.tar.gz
wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz 2.1 安装apr

[root@bright ~]# tar zxvf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz
[root@bright ~]# cd apr-1.5.1
[root@bright apr-1.5.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@bright apr-1.5.1]# make && make install

2.2 安装apr-util

[root@bright ~]# cd apr-util-1.5.4
[root@bright apr-util-1.5.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
[root@bright apr-util-1.5.4]# make && make install
[root@bright apr-util-1.5.4]# echo $?

2.3 安装Apache
检查开发环境，没有的直接yum

[root@bright ~]# rpm -q gcc cmake pcre-devel
gcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
cmake-2.8.12.2-4.el6.x86_64
package pcre-devel is not installed
[root@bright ~]# yum install pcre-devel

安装：

[root@bright ~]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz
[root@bright ~]# cd httpd-2.4.10
[root@bright httpd-2.4.10]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-pcre --enable-mods-shared=most
[root@bright httpd-2.4.10]# make && make install
[root@bright ~]# cp /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
[root@bright ~]# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S61httpd
[root@bright ~]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd        #在第二行插入添加下面两行
# chkconfig: 35 61 61
# description: Apache
[root@bright ~]# chkconfig --add httpd

三、安装PHP
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.6.6.tar.gz
wget ftp://mcrypt.hellug.gr/pub/crypto/mcrypt/libmcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.6.tar.gz
3.1 检查开发环境，没有的直接yum
(如有某某.so,.h文件无法找到，用yum provides "*/*.h"去查找)

[root@bright ~]# rpm -q libxml2-devel libjpeg-turbo libpng-devel freetype-devel gd-devel libmcrypt-devel openssl-devel
libxml2-devel-2.7.6-14.el6_5.2.x86_64
libjpeg-turbo-1.2.1-3.el6_5.x86_64
libpng-devel-1.2.49-1.el6_2.x86_64
freetype-devel-2.3.11-14.el6_3.1.x86_64
package gd-devel is not installed
package libmcrypt-devel is not installed
openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64
[root@bright ~]# yum install gd-devel

3.2 Centos6 默认的yum源没有libmcrypt-devel 这个包，只能借助第三方yum源，本案tar包安装

[root@bright ~]# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.6.tar.gz
[root@bright ~]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.6
[root@bright libmcrypt-2.5.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
[root@bright libmcrypt-2.5.6]# make && make install

3.3 安装php

[root@bright ~]# tar zxvf php-5.6.6.tar.gz
[root@bright ~]# cd php-5.6.6
[root@bright php-5.6.6]# ./configure   --prefix=/usr/local/php   --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs   --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc   --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql   --with-libxml-dir   --with-gd   --with-jpeg-dir   --with-png-dir   --with-freetype-dir   --with-iconv-dir   --with-zlib-dir   --with-bz2   --with-openssl   --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt   --enable-soap   --enable-gd-native-ttf   --enable-mbstring   --enable-sockets   --enable-exif   --disable-ipv6
[root@bright php-5.6.6]# make && make install
[root@bright php-5.6.6]# echo $?
0

四、配置apache和php与测试

1.修改AddType参数

[root@bright ~]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
[root@bright ~]# cat /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf | grep AddType | grep -v ^$ | grep -v ^#
# AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz             #在本行下面新增下行
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php            #增加的内容
#AddType text/html .shtml

2.修改DirectoryIndex 参数

[root@bright ~]# cat /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf | grep index.html | grep -v ^$
#    DirectoryIndex index.html
DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php   #修改后的内容

3.修改ServerName参数

[root@bright ~]# cat /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf | grep ServerName| grep -v ^$
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
#ServerName www.example.com:80
ServerName localhost:80                             #修改后的内容

4. 测试解析php
在/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/中创建一个文件，内容如下。

[root@bright ~]# cat /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/index.php
<?php
echo "php解析正常\n";
?>
[root@bright ~]# service httpd restart
[root@bright ~]# curl localhost/index.php
php解析正常

MySQL密码修改之官方文档：
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/alter-user.html

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