android中联系人 以及 ContactsContract类

1.加入读写权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

联系人信息Uri：

[b]content://com.android.contacts/contacts[/b]

联系人电话Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/data/phones

联系人Email Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/data/emails
 



（推荐）也可以这样获取联系人信息Uri：Uri uri = ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;
 





2.查询与添加联系人的操作（单元测试用例）
 



public class ContactTest extends AndroidTestCase

{

private static final String
TAG = "ContactTest";

public void testGetAllContact() throws Throwable

{

//获取联系人信息的Uri

Uri uri = ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;

//获取ContentResolver

ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();

//查询数据，返回Cursor

Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);

while(cursor.moveToNext())

{

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

//获取联系人的ID

String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));

//获取联系人的姓名

String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));

//构造联系人信息

sb.append("contactId=").append(contactId).append(",Name=").append(name);

//查询电话类型的数据操作

Cursor phones = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,

null,

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID +" = "+ contactId,

null, null);

while(phones.moveToNext())

{

String phoneNumber = phones.getString(phones.getColumnIndex(

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));

//添加Phone的信息

sb.append(",Phone=").append(phoneNumber);

}

phones.close();

//查询Email类型的数据操作

Cursor emails = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,

null,

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID + " = " + contactId,

null, null);

while (emails.moveToNext())

{

String emailAddress = emails.getString(emails.getColumnIndex(

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA));

//添加Email的信息

sb.append(",Email=").append(emailAddress);

}

emails.close();

Log.i(TAG, sb.toString());

}

cursor.close();

}

public void testInsert()

{

ContentValues values = new ContentValues();

//首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId

Uri rawContactUri = this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, values);

//获取id

long rawContactId = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri);

//往data表入姓名数据

values.clear();

values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId); //添加id

values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);//添加内容类型（MIMETYPE）

values.put(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "凯风自南");//添加名字，添加到first
name位置

this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);

//往data表入电话数据

values.clear();

values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);

values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);

values.put(Phone.NUMBER, "13921009789");

values.put(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE);

this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);

//往data表入Email数据

values.clear();

values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);

values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);

values.put(Email.DATA, "kesenhoo@gmail.com");

values.put(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK);

this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);

}

public void testSave() throws Throwable

{

//官方文档位置：reference/android/provider/ContactsContract.RawContacts.html

//建立一个ArrayList存放批量的参数

ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();

int rawContactInsertIndex = ops.size();

ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)

.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null)

.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null)

.build());

//官方文档位置：reference/android/provider/ContactsContract.Data.html

//withValueBackReference后退引用前面联系人的id

ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)

.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)

.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)

.withValue(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "小明")

.build());

ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)

.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)

.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)

.withValue(Phone.NUMBER, "13671323809")

.withValue(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE)

.withValue(Phone.LABEL, "手机号")

.build());

ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)

.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)

.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)

.withValue(Email.DATA, "kesen@gmail.com")

.withValue(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK)

.build());

ContentProviderResult[] results = this.getContext().getContentResolver()

.applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, ops);

for(ContentProviderResult result : results)

{

Log.i(TAG, result.uri.toString());

}

}

}*******************************************************************************************************

这里主要使用的是

ContactsContract类

从Android 2.0 SDK开始有关联系人provider的类变成了ContactsContract，虽然老的android.provider.Contacts能用，但是在SDK中标记为为deprecated将被放弃不推荐的方法，而从Android 2.0及API Level为5开始新增了android.provider.ContactsContract来代替原来的方法。不过Android123表示大家做两手准备，毕竟目前70%的设备以及Ophone 1.0和1.5均不支持ContactsContract。

ContactsContract.Contacts中的所有字段

ContactsContract.Contracts实现了4个接口，并从4个接口中，继承了不同的字段，一共有23个如下：

1. ContactsContract.Contacts.TIMES_CONTACTED
="times_contacted"

The number of times a contact has been contacted

2. ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS
="contact_status"

Contact's latest status update.

3. ContactsContract.Contacts.CUSTOM_RINGTONE
="custom_ringtone"

URI for a custom ringtone associated with the contact. Ifnull or missing, the default ringtone is used.

4. ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER
="has_phone_number"

An indicator of whether this contact has at least one phonenumber. "1" if there is at least one phone number,
"0"otherwise.

5. ContactsContract.Contacts.PHONETIC_NAME
= "phonetic_name"

Pronunciation of the full name in the phonetic alphabetspecified by PHONETIC_NAME_STYLE.

6. ContactsContract.Contacts.PHONETIC_NAME_STYLE
="phonetic_name_style"

The phonetic alphabet used to represent the PHONETIC_NAME.See PhoneticNameStyle.

7. ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS_LABEL
="contact_status_label"

The resource ID of the label describing the source ofcontact status, e.g. "Google Talk". This resource is scoped
by theCONTACT_STATUS_RES_PACKAGE.

8. ContactsContract.Contacts.LOOKUP_KEY
= "lookup"

An opaque value that contains hints on how to find thecontact if its row id changed as a result of a sync or
aggregation.

9. ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS_ICON
="contact_status_icon"

The resource ID of the icon for the source of contactstatus. This resource is scoped by the

CONTACT_STATUS_RES_PACKAGE.

10. ContactsContract.Contacts.LAST_TIME_CONTACTED=
"last_time_contacted"

The last time a contact was contacted.

11. ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME=
"display_name"

The display name for the contact.

12. ContactsContract.Contacts.SORT_KEY_ALTERNATIVE=
"sort_key_alt"

Sort key based on the alternative representation of thefull name, DISPLAY_NAME_ALTERNATIVE. Thus for Western
names, it is the oneusing the "family name first" format.

13. ContactsContract.Contacts.IN_VISIBLE_GROUP=
"in_visible_group"

Lookup value that reflects the GROUP_VISIBLE state of anyContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership for
this contact.

14. ContactsContract.Contacts._ID=
"_id"

The unique ID for a row.

15. ContactsContract.Contacts.STARRED=
"starred"

Is the contact starred?

16. ContactsContract.Contacts.SORT_KEY_PRIMARY=
"sort_key"

Sort key that takes into account locale-based traditionsfor sorting names in address books.

17. ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME_ALTERNATIVE=
"display_name_alt"

An alternative representation of the display name, such as"family name first" instead of "given name first"
forWestern names. If an alternative is not available, the values should be thesame as DISPLAY_NAME_PRIMARY

18. ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_PRESENCE=
"contact_presence"

Contact presence status. See ContactsContract.StatusUpdatesfor individual status definitions.

19. ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME_SOURCE=
"display_name_source"

The kind of data that is used as the display name for thecontact, such as structured name or email address.
See DisplayNameSources.TODO: convert DisplayNameSources to a link after it is un-hidden

20. ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS_RES_PACKAGE=
"contact_status_res_package"

The package containing resources for this status: label andicon.

21. ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS_TIMESTAMP=
"contact_status_ts"

The absolute time in milliseconds when the latest statuswas inserted/updated.

22. ContactsContract.Contacts.PHOTO_ID=
"photo_id"

Reference to the row in the data table holding the photo.

23. ContactsContract.Contacts.SEND_TO_VOICEMAIL=
"send_to_voicemail"

Whether the contact should always be sent to voicemail. Ifmissing, defaults to false.

可以用以下方法，列出ContactsContract.Contacts中的所有字段：

 

privatevoidlistColumnNames()

{

private Uri contactUri =ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;

ContentResolver resolver = this.getContentResolver();

Cursor cursor =resolver.query(contactUri, null,null, null,null);

int columnNumber = cursor.getColumnCount();

for(int i
= 0; i <columnNumber; i++)

{

String temp =cursor.getColumnName(i);

Log.e("listColumnNames","" +
i + "\t" + temp);

}

cursor.close();

}