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Android 自定义 HorizontalScrollView 打造再多图片(控件)也不怕 OOM 的横向滑动效果

2015-01-22 16:17 801 查看
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自从Gallery被谷歌废弃以后,Google推荐使用ViewPager和HorizontalScrollView来实现Gallery的效果。的确HorizontalScrollView可以实现Gallery的效果,但是HorizontalScrollView存在一个很大的问题,如果你仅是用来展示少量的图片,应该是没问题的,但是如果我希望HorizontalScrollView可以想ViewPager一样,既可以绑定数据集(动态改变图片),还能做到,不管多少图片都不会OOM(ViewPager内部一直初始化,回收,至多只保持3个View)。本篇博客首先介绍HorizontalScrollView的简单用法,然后会在此基础上进行扩展,自定义HorizontalScrollView实现我们上面提到的效果,类似一屏可以显示多个View的ViewPager,再多的图片也不怕OOM。
1、HorizontalScrollView的简单用法

HorizontalScrollView其实是FrameLayout的子类,所以内部只能有一个直接的子View。我们用来做Gallery效果,首选当然是LinearLayout,然后方向设置为水平。

1、布局文件:

[html] view
plaincopy





<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

>

<HorizontalScrollView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="150dp"

android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"

android:background="#AA444444"

android:scrollbars="none" >



<LinearLayout

android:id="@+id/id_gallery"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"

android:orientation="horizontal" >

</LinearLayout>

</HorizontalScrollView>



</LinearLayout>

很简单,就一个HorizontalScrollView内部有个水平方向的LinearLayout

MainActivity:

[java] view
plaincopy





package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;



import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.Window;

import android.widget.ImageView;

import android.widget.LinearLayout;

import android.widget.TextView;



public class MainActivity extends Activity

{



private LinearLayout mGallery;

private int[] mImgIds;

private LayoutInflater mInflater;



@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

{

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);

initData();

initView();



}



private void initData()

{

mImgIds = new int[] { R.drawable.a, R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c,

R.drawable.d, R.drawable.e, R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g,

R.drawable.h, R.drawable.l };

}



private void initView()

{

mGallery = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_gallery);



for (int i = 0; i < mImgIds.length; i++)

{



View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item,

mGallery, false);

ImageView img = (ImageView) view

.findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image);

img.setImageResource(mImgIds[i]);

TextView txt = (TextView) view

.findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_text);

txt.setText("some info ");

mGallery.addView(view);

}

}



}

很简单,我预先准备了一些图片直接放在了Drawble下,然后循环加入HorizontalScrollView的LinearLayout中即可,Item的布局就省了,后面会贴源码。

效果图:



效果还是不错的~如果只需要简单展示几张图片,直接用就可以了。

下面准备进入正题,HorizontalScrollView不管里面多少View都是不会回收的,当达到一定量的时候会发生OOM,下面介绍如何改写HorizontalScollView实现文章开始所说的效果。
2、自定义HorizontalScrollView

思想:

1、首先根据屏幕的大小和Item的大小,计算可以一个屏幕最多可以加载多少个Item,然后加载该数量Item。

2、当用户右滑(从右向左),滑动到一定距离时,加载下一张,删除第一张

3、当用户左滑(从左向右),滑动到一定距离时,加载上一张,删除最后一张

看下最后的效果图:



为了增加一定的趣味,做了一个类似上面的相册效果,支持拖动时自动变化,和点击变化~~是不是很赞~

1、首先看布局文件:

[html] view
plaincopy





<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="@android:color/white"

android:orientation="vertical" >



<FrameLayout

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="0dp"

android:layout_weight="1" >



<ImageView

android:id="@+id/id_content"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent"

android:layout_gravity="center"

android:layout_margin="10dp"

android:scaleType="centerCrop"

android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

</FrameLayout>



<com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView

android:id="@+id/id_horizontalScrollView"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="150dp"

android:layout_gravity="bottom"

android:background="@android:color/white"

android:scrollbars="none" >



<LinearLayout

android:id="@+id/id_gallery"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"

android:orientation="horizontal" >

</LinearLayout>

</com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView>



</LinearLayout>

没任何变化,除了把类名改成了我们自定义的类~

2、为了和国际接轨,我们也搞个Adapter,类似BaseAdapter

[java] view
plaincopy





package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;



import java.util.List;



import android.content.Context;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.BaseAdapter;

import android.widget.ImageView;

import android.widget.TextView;



public class HorizontalScrollViewAdapter

{



private Context mContext;

private LayoutInflater mInflater;

private List<Integer> mDatas;



public HorizontalScrollViewAdapter(Context context, List<Integer> mDatas)

{

this.mContext = context;

mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);

this.mDatas = mDatas;

}



public int getCount()

{

return mDatas.size();

}



public Object getItem(int position)

{

return mDatas.get(position);

}



public long getItemId(int position)

{

return position;

}



public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)

{

ViewHolder viewHolder = null;

if (convertView == null)

{

viewHolder = new ViewHolder();

convertView = mInflater.inflate(

R.layout.activity_index_gallery_item, parent, false);

viewHolder.mImg = (ImageView) convertView

.findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_image);

viewHolder.mText = (TextView) convertView

.findViewById(R.id.id_index_gallery_item_text);



convertView.setTag(viewHolder);

} else

{

viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();

}

viewHolder.mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));

viewHolder.mText.setText("some info ");



return convertView;

}



private class ViewHolder

{

ImageView mImg;

TextView mText;

}



}

3、下面先看用法:

[java] view
plaincopy





package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;



import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.List;



import android.app.Activity;

import android.graphics.Color;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.Window;

import android.widget.ImageView;



import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView.CurrentImageChangeListener;

import com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview.MyHorizontalScrollView.OnItemClickListener;



public class MainActivity extends Activity

{



private MyHorizontalScrollView mHorizontalScrollView;

private HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter;

private ImageView mImg;

private List<Integer> mDatas = new ArrayList<Integer>(Arrays.asList(

R.drawable.a, R.drawable.b, R.drawable.c, R.drawable.d,

R.drawable.e, R.drawable.f, R.drawable.g, R.drawable.h,

R.drawable.l));



@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

{

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);



mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.id_content);



mHorizontalScrollView = (MyHorizontalScrollView) findViewById(R.id.id_horizontalScrollView);

mAdapter = new HorizontalScrollViewAdapter(this, mDatas);

//添加滚动回调

mHorizontalScrollView

.setCurrentImageChangeListener(new CurrentImageChangeListener()

{

@Override

public void onCurrentImgChanged(int position,

View viewIndicator)

{

mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));

viewIndicator.setBackgroundColor(Color

.parseColor("#AA024DA4"));

}

});

//添加点击回调

mHorizontalScrollView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()

{



@Override

public void onClick(View view, int position)

{

mImg.setImageResource(mDatas.get(position));

view.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#AA024DA4"));

}

});

//设置适配器

mHorizontalScrollView.initDatas(mAdapter);

}



}

用起来是不是有点像ListView,初始化数据适配器,然后设置数据适配器,然后就是设置各种回调~~

如果仅仅是一堆图片展示,类似商品切换,更见简单,就不需要设置滚动监听和点击监听了~

4、最后看自定义的MyHorizontalScrollView类

[java] view
plaincopy





package com.example.zhy_horizontalscrollview;



import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;



import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Color;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.util.DisplayMetrics;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.MotionEvent;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.view.WindowManager;

import android.widget.HorizontalScrollView;

import android.widget.LinearLayout;



public class MyHorizontalScrollView extends HorizontalScrollView implements

OnClickListener

{



/**

* 图片滚动时的回调接口

*

* @author zhy

*

*/

public interface CurrentImageChangeListener

{

void onCurrentImgChanged(int position, View viewIndicator);

}



/**

* 条目点击时的回调

*

* @author zhy

*

*/

public interface OnItemClickListener

{

void onClick(View view, int pos);

}



private CurrentImageChangeListener mListener;



private OnItemClickListener mOnClickListener;



private static final String TAG = "MyHorizontalScrollView";



/**

* HorizontalListView中的LinearLayout

*/

private LinearLayout mContainer;



/**

* 子元素的宽度

*/

private int mChildWidth;

/**

* 子元素的高度

*/

private int mChildHeight;

/**

* 当前最后一张图片的index

*/

private int mCurrentIndex;

/**

* 当前第一张图片的下标

*/

private int mFristIndex;

/**

* 当前第一个View

*/

private View mFirstView;

/**

* 数据适配器

*/

private HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter;

/**

* 每屏幕最多显示的个数

*/

private int mCountOneScreen;

/**

* 屏幕的宽度

*/

private int mScreenWitdh;





/**

* 保存View与位置的键值对

*/

private Map<View, Integer> mViewPos = new HashMap<View, Integer>();



public MyHorizontalScrollView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)

{

super(context, attrs);

// 获得屏幕宽度

WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) context

.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);

DisplayMetrics outMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();

wm.getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(outMetrics);

mScreenWitdh = outMetrics.widthPixels;

}



@Override

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)

{

super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0);

}



/**

* 加载下一张图片

*/

protected void loadNextImg()

{

// 数组边界值计算

if (mCurrentIndex == mAdapter.getCount() - 1)

{

return;

}

//移除第一张图片,且将水平滚动位置置0

scrollTo(0, 0);

mViewPos.remove(mContainer.getChildAt(0));

mContainer.removeViewAt(0);



//获取下一张图片,并且设置onclick事件,且加入容器中

View view = mAdapter.getView(++mCurrentIndex, null, mContainer);

view.setOnClickListener(this);

mContainer.addView(view);

mViewPos.put(view, mCurrentIndex);



//当前第一张图片小标

mFristIndex++;

//如果设置了滚动监听则触发

if (mListener != null)

{

notifyCurrentImgChanged();

}



}

/**

* 加载前一张图片

*/

protected void loadPreImg()

{

//如果当前已经是第一张,则返回

if (mFristIndex == 0)

return;

//获得当前应该显示为第一张图片的下标

int index = mCurrentIndex - mCountOneScreen;

if (index >= 0)

{

// mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0);

//移除最后一张

int oldViewPos = mContainer.getChildCount() - 1;

mViewPos.remove(mContainer.getChildAt(oldViewPos));

mContainer.removeViewAt(oldViewPos);



//将此View放入第一个位置

View view = mAdapter.getView(index, null, mContainer);

mViewPos.put(view, index);

mContainer.addView(view, 0);

view.setOnClickListener(this);

//水平滚动位置向左移动view的宽度个像素

scrollTo(mChildWidth, 0);

//当前位置--,当前第一个显示的下标--

mCurrentIndex--;

mFristIndex--;

//回调

if (mListener != null)

{

notifyCurrentImgChanged();



}

}

}



/**

* 滑动时的回调

*/

public void notifyCurrentImgChanged()

{

//先清除所有的背景色,点击时会设置为蓝色

for (int i = 0; i < mContainer.getChildCount(); i++)

{

mContainer.getChildAt(i).setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);

}



mListener.onCurrentImgChanged(mFristIndex, mContainer.getChildAt(0));



}



/**

* 初始化数据,设置数据适配器

*

* @param mAdapter

*/

public void initDatas(HorizontalScrollViewAdapter mAdapter)

{

this.mAdapter = mAdapter;

mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0);

// 获得适配器中第一个View

final View view = mAdapter.getView(0, null, mContainer);

mContainer.addView(view);



// 强制计算当前View的宽和高

if (mChildWidth == 0 && mChildHeight == 0)

{

int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,

View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);

int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,

View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);

view.measure(w, h);

mChildHeight = view.getMeasuredHeight();

mChildWidth = view.getMeasuredWidth();

Log.e(TAG, view.getMeasuredWidth() + "," + view.getMeasuredHeight());

mChildHeight = view.getMeasuredHeight();

// 计算每次加载多少个View

mCountOneScreen = mScreenWitdh / mChildWidth+2;



Log.e(TAG, "mCountOneScreen = " + mCountOneScreen

+ " ,mChildWidth = " + mChildWidth);





}

//初始化第一屏幕的元素

initFirstScreenChildren(mCountOneScreen);

}



/**

* 加载第一屏的View

*

* @param mCountOneScreen

*/

public void initFirstScreenChildren(int mCountOneScreen)

{

mContainer = (LinearLayout) getChildAt(0);

mContainer.removeAllViews();

mViewPos.clear();



for (int i = 0; i < mCountOneScreen; i++)

{

View view = mAdapter.getView(i, null, mContainer);

view.setOnClickListener(this);

mContainer.addView(view);

mViewPos.put(view, i);

mCurrentIndex = i;

}



if (mListener != null)

{

notifyCurrentImgChanged();

}



}



@Override

public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev)

{

switch (ev.getAction())

{

case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:

// Log.e(TAG, getScrollX() + "");



int scrollX = getScrollX();

// 如果当前scrollX为view的宽度,加载下一张,移除第一张

if (scrollX >= mChildWidth)

{

loadNextImg();

}

// 如果当前scrollX = 0, 往前设置一张,移除最后一张

if (scrollX == 0)

{

loadPreImg();

}

break;

}

return super.onTouchEvent(ev);

}



@Override

public void onClick(View v)

{

if (mOnClickListener != null)

{

for (int i = 0; i < mContainer.getChildCount(); i++)

{

mContainer.getChildAt(i).setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);

}

mOnClickListener.onClick(v, mViewPos.get(v));

}

}



public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener mOnClickListener)

{

this.mOnClickListener = mOnClickListener;

}



public void setCurrentImageChangeListener(

CurrentImageChangeListener mListener)

{

this.mListener = mListener;

}



}

首先,加载第一个Item,根据item的宽计算当前屏幕可以加载多少张图片,然后初始化第一屏的图片,接下来就是从写onTouchEvent,在其中监听用户的ACTION_MOVE,然后根据移动的距离加载前一张或者后一张,同时动态移除不可见的View,回收内存~~~~

代码中有个Map专门存储View和posion的,主要是为了给点击回调提供当前的View的位置,有点类似:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果里面的Map的巧妙用法~~

是不是完全实现了ViewPager和HorizontalScrollView的合体~~~HorizontalScrollView的效果,ViewPager的特性~~~~

最后贴一下旋转屏幕后的效果图:



可以看出,不仅是做相册,还是图片轮播想过都是刚刚的!

如果你的项目中需要用到Gallery类似的效果,果断使用上例尝试吧~~

各位看官没事点个赞,留个言呗~

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