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Ubuntu sudo apt-get update失败的原因

2014-12-24 17:11 411 查看
今天使用sudo apt-get install 无法安装软件，错误提示如下：

Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates/main libssl1.0.0 i386 1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7

404 Not Found [IP: 112.124.140.210 80]

Err http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security/main libssl1.0.0 i386 1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7

404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]

Err http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security/main libssl-dev i386 1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7

404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]

Err http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-security/main libssl-doc all 1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7

404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]

Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl1.0.0_1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7_i386.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]

Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl-dev_1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7_i386.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]

Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl-doc_1.0.0e-2ubuntu4.7_all.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.201 80]

E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

第一反应，是ubuntu支持过期了，但之前理解是“不再提供软件的官方更新”，但ubuntu 10.10中已发布版本的软件应该可以用吧。这里是我理解错误。

访问：http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/ 查看，已经没有Oneiric Ocelot的支持了。又结合http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu的长期支持版本部分内容，尤其下图：
[隐藏]版本开发代号发布日期最近更新支持情况内核版本
桌面版服务器版
4.10Warty Warthog2004-10-20[32]2006-04-302.6.8
5.04Hoary Hedgehog2005-04-08[33]2006-10-312.6.10
5.10Breezy Badger2005-10-13[34]2007-04-132.6.12
6.06 LTSDapper Drake2006-06-01[35]6.06.2发布于2008年1月21日2009-07-142011-06-012.6.15
6.10Edgy Eft2006-10-26[36]2008-04-252.6.17
7.04Feisty Fawn2007-04-19[37]2008-10-192.6.20
7.10Gutsy Gibbon2007-10-18[38][39]2009-04-182.6.22
8.04 LTSHardy Heron2008-04-24[40][41]8.04.4发布于2010年1月29日2011-05-122013-05-092.6.24
8.10Intrepid Ibex2008-10-30[42]2010-04-302.6.27
9.04Jaunty Jackalope2009-04-232010-10-232.6.28
9.10Karmic Koala2009-10-292011-04-302.6.31
10.04 LTSLucid Lynx2010-04-29[43]10.04.4发布于2012年2月16日2013-05-092015-042.6.32
10.10Maverick Meerkat2010-10-102012-04-102.6.35
11.04Natty Narwhal2011-04-282012-10-282.6.38
11.10Oneiric Ocelot2011-10-13[44]2013-05-093.0
12.04 LTSPrecise Pangolin2012-04-2612.04.5发布于2014年8月8日2017-043.2
12.10Quantal Quetzal2012-10-182014-05-16[45] [46]3.5
13.04Raring Ringtail2013-04-252014-01-27[47] [48]3.8
13.10Saucy Salamander2013-10-172014-07-17[49]3.11
14.04 LTSTrusty Tahr2014-04-1714.04.1发布于2014年7月25日2019-043.13
14.10Utopic Unicorn2014-10-232015-073.16
15.04Vivid Vervet2015年4月(预定)2016-01(预定)未定
颜色代表
红色已停止发布版本更新
绿色目前还继续支持更新
蓝色计划支持截止时间
确定问题所在，解决方法：

1. 升级新版本。困难，折腾，赞未考虑。

2. 使用旧版本更新源，但目前已经没有了maverick相应支持软件目录，无法下载软件。［old-release解决方案］有效解决此问题，但尝试了下，国外的服务器速度太慢，几乎无法忍受。

/article/6440075.html

修改一下/etc/apt/sources.list这个文件

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick main restricted
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick universe
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick universe
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates universe
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://us.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://us.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#remastersys for backup installed system
deb http://www.remastersys.com/ubuntu maverick main


再执行sudo apt-get update后即可.

3. 考虑ubuntu 10.04是LTS版本，且于10.10差距不大，可否使用10.04的源更新安装软件。

测试使用10.04 lucid的更新源，软件安装成功，暂时使用此方案。

对Linux更新支持方案理解尚未深入，同时选择系统版本安装时需考虑长期更新版本，后续升级问题。下一步考虑升级到14.10了。
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