C#对XML、JSON等格式的解析

C#对XML、JSON等格式的解析

一、C#对XML格式数据的解析

1、用XMLDocument来解析

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XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();

xmlDocument.Load("test.xml");

//创建新节点

XmlElement nn = xmlDocument.CreateElement("image");

nn.SetAttribute("imageUrl", "6.jpg");

XmlNode node = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("content/section/page/gall/folder");//定位到folder节点

node.AppendChild(nn);//附加新节点

//保存

xmlDocument.Save("test.xml");

2、用Linq to XML来解析

可以通过遍历，来获得你想要的节点的内容或属性

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XElement root = XElement.Load("test.xml");

foreach (XAttribute att in root.Attributes())

{

root.Add(new XElement(att.Name, (string)att));

}

Console.WriteLine(root);

3、附一个详细点的例子

比如要解析如下的xml文件，将其转化为Ilist对象。

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<Car>

<carcost>

<ID>20130821133126</ID>

<uptime>60</uptime>

<downtime>30</downtime>

<price>0.4</price>

</carcost>

<carcost>

<ID>20130821014316</ID>

<uptime>120</uptime>

<downtime>60</downtime>

<price>0.3</price>

</carcost>

<carcost>

<ID>20130822043127</ID>

<uptime>30</uptime>

<downtime>0</downtime>

<price>0.5</price>

</carcost>

<carcost>

<ID>20130822043341</ID>

<uptime>120以上！</uptime>

<downtime>120</downtime>

<price>0.2</price>

</carcost>

</Car>

在控制台应用程序中输入如下代码即可。

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class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

IList<CarCost> resultList = new List<CarCost>();

XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();

xmlDocument.Load("test.xml");

XmlNodeList xmlNodeList = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Car").ChildNodes;

foreach (XmlNode list in xmlNodeList)

{

CarCost carcost = new CarCost

(

list.SelectSingleNode("ID").InnerText,

list.SelectSingleNode("uptime").InnerText,

list.SelectSingleNode("downtime").InnerText,

float.Parse(list.SelectSingleNode("price").InnerText)

);

resultList.Add(carcost);

}

IEnumerator enumerator = resultList.GetEnumerator();

while (enumerator.MoveNext())

{

CarCost carCost = enumerator.Current as CarCost;

Console.WriteLine(carCost.ID + " " + carCost.UpTime + " " + carCost.DownTime + " " + carCost.Price);

}

}

}

public class CarCost

{

public CarCost(string id, string uptime, string downtime, float price)

{

this.ID = id;

this.UpTime = uptime;

this.DownTime = downtime;

this.Price = price;

}

public string ID { get; set; }

public string UpTime { get; set; }

public string DownTime { get; set; }

public float Price { get; set; }

}

二、C#对JSON格式数据的解析

引用Newtonsoft.Json.dll文件，来解析。

比如：有个要解析的JSON字符串

[{"TaskRoleSpaces":"","TaskRoles":"","ProxyUserID":"5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7","UserID":"5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7","UserName":"姓名","UserSystemName":"2234","OperationName":"送合同负责人","OperationValue":"同意","OperationValueText":"","SignDate":"2013-06-19 10:31:26","Comment":"同意","FormDataHashCode":"","SignatureDivID":""},{"TaskRoleSpaces":"","TaskRoles":"","ProxyUserID":"2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089","UserID":"2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089","UserName":"姓名2","UserSystemName":"1234","OperationName":"送合同负责人","OperationValue":"同意","OperationValueText":"","SignDate":"2013-06-20 09:37:11","Comment":"同意","FormDataHashCode":"","SignatureDivID":""}]

首先定义个实体类：

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public class JobInfo

{

public string TaskRoleSpaces { get; set; }

public string TaskRoles { get; set; }

public string ProxyUserID { get; set; }

public string UserID { get; set; }

public string UserName { get; set; }

public string UserSystemName { get; set; }

public string OperationName { get; set; }

public string OperationValue { get; set; }

public string OperationValueText { get; set; }

public DateTime SignDate { get; set; }

public string Comment { get; set; }

public string FormDataHashCode { get; set; }

public string SignatureDivID { get; set; }

}

然后在控制台Main函数内部输入如下代码：

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string json = @"[{'TaskRoleSpaces':'','TaskRoles':'','ProxyUserID':'5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7','UserID':'5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7','UserName':'姓名','UserSystemName':'2234','OperationName':'送合同负责人','OperationValue':'同意','OperationValueText':'','SignDate':'2013-06-19 10:31:26','Comment':'同意','FormDataHashCode':'','SignatureDivID':''},{'TaskRoleSpaces':'','TaskRoles':'','ProxyUserID':'2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089','UserID':'2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089','UserName':'姓名2','UserSystemName':'1234','OperationName':'送合同负责人','OperationValue':'同意','OperationValueText':'','SignDate':'2013-06-20 09:37:11','Comment':'同意','FormDataHashCode':'','SignatureDivID':''}]

";

List<JobInfo> jobInfoList = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<JobInfo>>(json);

foreach (JobInfo jobInfo in jobInfoList)

{

Console.WriteLine("UserName:" + jobInfo.UserName + "UserID:" + jobInfo.UserID);

}

这样就可以正常输出内容了。

我想肯定有人会问，如果有多层关系的json字符串该如何处理呢？没关系，一样的处理。

比如如何解析这个json字符串：[{'phantom':true,'id':'20130717001','data':{'MID':1019,'Name':'aaccccc','Des':'cc','Disable':'启用','Remark':'cccc'}}] ？

首先还是定义实体类：

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public class Info

{

public string phantom { get; set; }

public string id { get; set; }

public data data { get; set; }

}

public class data

{

public int MID { get; set; }

public string Name { get; set; }

public string Des { get; set; }

public string Disable { get; set; }

public string Remark { get; set; }

}

然后在main方法里面，键入：

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string json = @"[{'phantom':true,'id':'20130717001','data':{'MID':1019,'Name':'aaccccc','Des':'cc','Disable':'启用','Remark':'cccc'}}]";

List<Info> infoList = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Info>>(json);

foreach (Info info in infoList)

{

Console.WriteLine("id:" + info.data.MID);

}

按照我们的预期，应该能够得到1019的结果。

截图为证：



另外，对于有些json格式不是标准的，可以使用通用的方法进行解析。

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string jsonText = @" {'Count':1543,'Items':[{'UnitID':6119,'UnitName':'C'}]}";

JsonReader reader = new JsonTextReader(new StringReader(jsonText));

while (reader.Read())

{

Console.WriteLine(reader.TokenType + "\t\t" + reader.ValueType + "\t\t" + reader.Value);

}

附Newtonsoft.Json.dll下载地址：下载吧

—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

再附一个JSON解析的例子，来自于兔子家族—二哥在本篇博客下的回复。

JSON字符串1：{success:true,data:{id:100001,code:\"JTL-Z38005\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-202\",qty:100,bins:[{code:\"JTL-Z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-001\",qty:100},{ code:\"JTL-Z38002\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-002\",qty:100}]}}

定义数据结构：

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public class Data

{

public Boolean success { get; set; }

public Data1 data { get; set; }

}

public class Data1

{

public Int32 id { get; set; }

public string code { get; set; }

public string name { get; set; }

public string location { get; set; }

public Int32 qty { get; set; }

public List<Data2> bins { get; set; }

}

public class Data2

{

public string code { get; set; }

public string name { get; set; }

public string location { get; set; }

public Int32 qty { get; set; }

}

Main函数：

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class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

string json = "{success:true,data:{id:100001,code:\"JTL-Z38005\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-202\",qty:100,bins:[{code:\"JTL-Z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-001\",qty:100},{ code:\"JTL-Z38002\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-002\",qty:100}]}}";

Data data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data>(json);

foreach (var item in data.data.bins)

{

//输出：JTL-Z38001、JTL-Z38002，其它类似

Console.WriteLine(item.code);

}

}

}

JSON字符串2：{\"success\":true,\"data\":{\"name\":\"张三\",\"moulds\":{\"stockImport\":true,\"stockExport\":true,\"justifyLocation\":true,\"justifyBin\":false,\"binRelease\":false}}}

在控制台应用程序下的完整代码：

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namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

string json = "{\"success\":true,\"data\":{\"name\":\"张三\",\"moulds\":{\"stockImport\":true,\"stockExport\":true,\"justifyLocation\":true,\"justifyBin\":false,\"binRelease\":false}}}";

Data data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data>(json);

Console.WriteLine(data.data.moulds.binRelease);//输出False

}

}

public class Data

{

public Boolean success { get; set; }

public Data1 data { get; set; }

}

public class Data1

{

public string name { get; set; }

public Data2 moulds { get; set; }

}

public class Data2

{

public Boolean stockImport { get; set; }

public Boolean stockExport { get; set; }

public Boolean justifyLocation { get; set; }

public Boolean justifyBin { get; set; }

public Boolean binRelease { get; set; }

}

}

JSON字符串3：

{
"success": true,

"data": {

"id": 100001,

"bin": "JIT-3JS-2K",

"targetBin": "JIT-3JS-3K",

"batchs": [

"B20140101",

"B20140102"

]

}

}

他的问题主要是不知道batchs这里怎么处理，其实很简单就是一个数组而已。

完整代码如下：

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namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

string json = "{\"success\": true,\"data\": {\"id\": 100001,\"bin\": \"JIT-3JS-2K\",\"targetBin\": \"JIT-3JS-3K\",\"batchs\": [\"B20140101\",\"B20140102\"]}}";

Data data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data>(json);

foreach (var item in data.data.batchs)

{

Console.WriteLine(item);//输出：B20140101、B20140102

}

}

}

public class Data

{

public Boolean success { get; set; }

public Data1 data { get; set; }

}

public class Data1

{

public Int32 id { get; set; }

public string bin { get; set; }

public string targetBin { get; set; }

public string[] batchs { get; set; }

}

}

除了上述返回类的实体对象做法之外，JSON.NET还提供了JObject类，可以取自己指定节点的内容。

比如：

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namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

string j = "{success:true,data:{ bin:{code:\"JTL-Z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-001\",qty:100}}}";

JObject jo = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(j);

Console.WriteLine(jo);

}

}

public class Data

{

public Boolean success { get; set; }

public Data1 data { get; set; }

}

public class Data1

{

public Data2 bin { get; set; }

}

public class Data2

{

public string code { get; set; }

public string name { get; set; }

public string location { get; set; }

public Int32 qty { get; set; }

}

}

直接运行，返回结果如下：

如果输出内容修改为：

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Console.WriteLine(jo["data"]);

继续取bin节点。

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Console.WriteLine(jo["data"]["bin"]);

最后我们取其中name对应的value。

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Console.WriteLine(jo["data"]["bin"]["name"]);

一步一步的获取了JSON字符串对应的Value。