容器类的常用操作(NSArray,NSNumber,NSDictionary,NSSet)

1.数组 : 对象,可为任意类型

//(*1.)NSArray的常用方法
NSString *str1 = [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"%d杨毅",0];
NSString *str2 = [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"%d陈昕",1];
NSString *str3 = [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"%d安国伟",2];

//1.创建数组对象
NSArray *array1 = [[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects: str1, str2, str3, nil];

<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: 'Heiti SC Light'; color: rgb(29, 148, 33);"><span style="font-family: Menlo;"><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>///  </span>将数组生成新的字符串<span style="font-family: Menlo;">,</span>以<span style="font-family: Menlo;">"-"</span>隔开</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo;">        <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #6122ae">NSString</span> *q = [array1 <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">componentsJoinedByString</span>:<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #c91b13">@"-"</span>];</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: 'Heiti SC Light'; color: rgb(29, 148, 33);"><span style="font-family: Menlo;"><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>///  </span>取一部分返回新数组</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo;">        <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #6122ae">NSArray</span> * arrA = [array1 <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">subarrayWithRange</span>:<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">NSMakeRange</span>(<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #0435ff">1</span>, <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #0435ff">2</span>)];</p><div><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: 'Heiti SC Light'; color: rgb(29, 148, 33);"><span style="font-family: Menlo;">//2.</span>获取数组中的对象</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo;">        <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #6122ae">NSString</span> *obj = array1[<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #0435ff">2</span>];</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo;">        <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">NSLog</span>(<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #c91b13">@"%@"</span>,obj);</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo;">        <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">NSLog</span>(<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #c91b13">@"%@"</span>,array1[<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #0435ff">0</span>]);</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo;">        <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">NSLog</span>(<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #c91b13">@"%@"</span>, [array1 <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">objectAtIndex</span>:<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #0435ff">1</span>]); <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #1d9421">// best</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: 'Heiti SC Light'; color: rgb(29, 148, 33);"><span style="font-family: Menlo;">//3.</span>获取数组的长度<span style="font-family: Menlo;">(</span>元素个数<span style="font-family: Menlo;">)</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo;">        <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">NSLog</span>(<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #c91b13">@"%ld"</span>, [array1 <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">count</span>]);</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo; min-height: 21px;">//4.<span style="font-family: 'Heiti SC Light';">查询某个对象的下标</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo;">        <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #6122ae">NSArray</span> *array2 = [<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #6122ae">NSArray</span> <span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">arrayWithObjects</span>:</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(201, 27, 19);"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">                           </span>@"<span style="font-family: 'Heiti SC Light';">赵生辉</span>:http://blog.csdn.net/zhaoshenghui11"<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">,</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(201, 27, 19);"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">                           </span>@"<span style="font-family: 'Heiti SC Light';">张世琦</span>: http://blog.csdn.net/zhangshiqi11"<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">,</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(201, 27, 19);"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">                           </span>@"<span style="font-family: 'Heiti SC Light';">靳姜珊</span>: http://blog.csdn.net/hmpcx"<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">,</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(201, 27, 19);"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">                           </span>@"<span style="font-family: 'Heiti SC Light';">张宁浩</span>: http://blog.csdn.net/zxcznh2011/article/details/38472461"<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">,</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(201, 27, 19);"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">                           </span>@"<span style="font-family: 'Heiti SC Light';">宋旭东</span>: http://blog.csdn.net/belanote"<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">, </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #c32275">nil</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">];</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size: 18px; font-family: Menlo; color: rgb(201, 27, 19);"><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">        </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">NSLog</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">(</span>@"%lu"<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">, [array2 </span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #3d1d81">indexOfObject</span><span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">:</span>@"<span style="font-family: 'Heiti SC Light';">靳姜珊</span>: http://blog.csdn.net/hmpcx"<span style="font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; color: #000000">]);</span></p></div>

//(*2.)NSMutableArray 常用方法
//1.创建数组对象。
NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects: @"周琦", @"安国伟", @"常宽", @"郑海坤", @"王晨", @"马英", @"符之飞", nil];
//2.添加元素
[array addObject:@"张宁浩"];
//3.插入元素
[array insertObject:@"杨毅" atIndex:1];//插到了下标为1的位置
//4.删除元素
[array removeObject:@"安国伟"];
[array removeObjectAtIndex:5];//按照数组下标位置删除
[array addObject:@"周琦"];
[array removeObject:@"周琦" inRange:NSMakeRange(0, [array count] / 2)];
//5.替换元素
[array replaceObjectAtIndex:0 withObject:@"陈昕"];
//6.交换指定位置的两个元素
[array exchangeObjectAtIndex:2 withObjectAtIndex:4];
for (int i = 0; i < [array count]; i++) {
NSLog(@"%d %@", i, [array objectAtIndex:i]);
}
//7.OC-容器类,快速遍历
//不能把基本数据类型,放入NSArray内
for (NSString *str in array) {
NSLog(@"%@",str);
}

2.NSNumber(数值类)的常用方法

//1.基本数据类型封装为对象
NSNumber *n1 = [NSNumber numberWithInt:12];
NSNumber *n2 = [NSNumber numberWithInt:5];
NSNumber *n3 = [NSNumber numberWithInt:11];
NSNumber *n4 = [NSNumber numberWithInt:6];
NSNumber *n5 = [NSNumber numberWithInt:7];
NSMutableArray *arrayNum = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects: n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, nil];

//2.系统帮我们写好了一种排序方式
// 可变数组的排序方法
[arrayNum sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
// 不可变数组的排序方式
NSArray *newArray = [arrayNum sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];

3.NSDictionary :

//NSDictionary的常用方法

//保存键值对(key - value对)的容器

//将一个键值对看作一个元素（实体）。

//靠 key
存储元素

//1.创建字典对象
//输入格式: 值在左,键在右
NSDictionary *dic1 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
@"ZhangSanFeng", @"name",
@"male", @"sex",
@"female", @"hobby",
@"347", @"age", nil];
//字典的无序性
//输出格式:键在左,值在右
NSLog(@"%@", dic1);
//1.获取所有key值
NSArray *keys = [dic1 allKeys];
NSLog(@"%@", keys);
//2.获取所有value值
NSArray *values = [dic1 allValues];
NSLog(@"%@", values);
//3.根据key查value
NSString *name = [dic1 objectForKey:@"name"];
//4.间接遍历字典
//根据allkeys数组获取字典中所有的key-value对
for (NSString *key in keys) {//keys 是获取 dic1 中所有的键key对
NSString *value = [dic1 objectForKey:key];
NSLog(@"%@ = %@;", key, value);
}
//5.直接遍历字典
for (NSString *key in dic1) {
NSString *value = [dic1 objectForKey:key];
NSLog(@"%@ = %@;", key, value);
}

//NSMutableDictionary 的常用方法
//1.创建
NSMutableDictionary *dicM = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:dic1];
//2.添加键值对
[dicM setValue:@"WuDang" forKey:@"attribute"];
//3.修改key对应的value
[dicM setValue:@"Shua Jian" forKey:@"hobby"];
//4.删除键值对
[dicM removeObjectForKey:@"sex"];

NSSet集合 :
无序性(eg:整数集,
自然数集)

//1. 创建集合对象
NSSet *set = [NSSet setWithArray:newArray];
NSLog(@"%@", set);
//2. 获取元素个数
NSLog(@"%ld", [set count]);
//3. 获取集合中的某个元素
NSLog(@"%@", [set anyObject]);
//4. 判断结合中是否包含某个对象
NSSet *setString = [NSSet setWithObjects:@"1", @"2", @"3", @"4", nil];
if ([setString containsObject:@"3"]) {
NSLog(@"包含");
}
//NSMutableSet的常用写法
NSMutableSet *setM = [NSMutableSet setWithSet:set];
//1.添加元素
[setM addObject:@"7"];
//2.删除元素
[setM removeObject:@"2"];