您的位置:首页 > 编程语言 > Java开发

java HashMap源码分析(JDK8)

2014-10-18 16:05 597 查看
  这两天在复习JAVA的知识点,想更深层次的了解一下JAVA,所以就看了看JAVA的源码,把自己的分析写在这里,也当做是笔记吧,方便记忆。写的不对的地方也请大家多多指教。

  JDK1.6中HashMap采用的是位桶+链表的方式,即我们常说的散列链表的方式,而JDK1.8中采用的是位桶+链表/红黑树的方式,也是非线程安全的。当某个位桶的链表的长度达到某个阀值的时候,这个链表就将转换成红黑树。

基本的数据结构:

//链表节点
static class Node<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
final int hash;
final K key;
V value;
Node<K,V> next;
//省略
}
//红黑树节点
static final class TreeNode<K,V> extends LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> {
TreeNode<K,V> parent;  // red-black tree links
TreeNode<K,V> left;
TreeNode<K,V> right;
TreeNode<K,V> prev;    // needed to unlink next upon deletion
boolean red;
TreeNode(int hash, K key, V val, Node<K,V> next) {
super(hash, key, val, next);
}
//省略
}
// HashMap的主要属性
public class HashMap<K,V> extends AbstractMap<K,V>
implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable, Serializable {
// 槽数组,Node<K,V>类型,TreeNode extends LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V>,所以可以存放TreeNode来实现Tree bins
transient Node<K,V>[] table;

transient Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet;

transient int size;
// 去掉了volatile的修饰符
transient int modCount;

int threshold;

final float loadFactor;

...

}
  


//计算key的hash

static final int hash(Object key) {
int h;
return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
}


get(key) 函数

public V get(Object key) {
Node<K,V> e;
return (e = getNode(hash(key), key)) == null ? null : e.value;
}
final Node<K,V> getNode(int hash, Object key) {
Node<K,V>[] tab;
Node<K,V> first, e;
int n; K k;
//hash & length-1 定位数组下标
if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 &&
(first = tab[(n - 1) & hash]) != null)
{
if (first.hash == hash && // always check first node
((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
return first;
if ((e = first.next) != null) {
/*第一个节点是TreeNode,则采用位桶+红黑树结构,
* 调用TreeNode.getTreeNode(hash,key),
*遍历红黑树,得到节点的value
*/
if (first instanceof TreeNode)
return ((TreeNode<K,V>)first).getTreeNode(hash, key);
do {
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
return e;
} while ((e = e.next) != null);
}
}
return null;
}
final TreeNode<K,V> getTreeNode(int h, Object k) {
//找到红黑树的根节点并遍历红黑树
return ((parent != null) ? root() : this).find(h, k, null);
}
/*
*通过hash值的比较,递归的去遍历红黑树,这里要提的是compareableClassFor(Class k)这个函数的作用,在某些时候
*如果红黑树节点的元素are of the same "class C implements Comparable<C>" type
*利用他们的compareTo()方法来比较大小,这里需要通过反射机制来check他们到底是不是属于同一个类,是不是具有可比较性.
*/
final TreeNode<K,V> find(int h, Object k, Class<?> kc) {
TreeNode<K,V> p = this;
do {
int ph, dir; K pk;
TreeNode<K,V> pl = p.left, pr = p.right, q;
if ((ph = p.hash) > h)
p = pl;
else if (ph < h)
p = pr;
else if ((pk = p.key) == k || (k != null && k.equals(pk)))
return p;
else if (pl == null)
p = pr;
else if (pr == null)
p = pl;
else if ((kc != null ||
(kc = comparableClassFor(k)) != null) &&
(dir = compareComparables(kc, k, pk)) != 0)
p = (dir < 0) ? pl : pr;
else if ((q = pr.find(h, k, kc)) != null)
return q;
else
p = pl;
} while (p != null);
return null;
}


put(K key,V value)函数

//put(K key,V value)函数
public V put(K key, V value) {
return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true);
}

final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
boolean evict) {
Node<K,V>[] tab;
Node<K,V> p;
int n, i;
//如果table为空或者长度为0,则resize()
if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
n = (tab = resize()).length;
//找到key值对应的槽并且是第一个,直接加入
if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)
tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
else {
Node<K,V> e;
K k;
//第一个node的hash值即为要加入元素的hash
if (p.hash == hash &&
((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))){
e = p;
}else if (p instanceof TreeNode)//第一个节点是TreeNode,即tree-bin
/*Tree version of putVal.
*final TreeNode<K,V> putTreeVal(HashMap<K,V> map, Node<K,V>[] tab,int h, K k, V v)
*/
e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
else {
//不是TreeNode,即为链表,遍历链表
for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
/*到达链表的尾端也没有找到key值相同的节点,
*则生成一个新的Node,并且判断链表的节点个数是不是到达转换成红黑树的上界
*达到,则转换成红黑树
*/
if ((e = p.next) == null) {
p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
treeifyBin(tab, hash);
break;
}
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
break;
p = e;
}
}
if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
V oldValue = e.value;
if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
e.value = value;
afterNodeAccess(e);
//返回旧的value值
return oldValue;
}
}
++modCount;
if (++size > threshold)
resize();
afterNodeInsertion(evict);
return null;
}
内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签: