mysql 5.5数据库主从配置步骤详解

上次给大家介绍了mysql 5.1主从搭建配置教程,这次我们来实现mysql 5.5的主从复制,其实大体上配置是差不多的,只有点细微的差别.

系统:centos 5.x

需要的软件包:mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz

环境准备:

服务器a:192.168.10.151 (主)

服务器b:192.168.10.152 (从)

1.安装前准备

wget http://mysql.llarian.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libtool-libs autoconf freetype-devel gd libjpeg-devel

libpng-devel libxml2-devel ncurses-devel zlib-devel zip unzip curl-devel wget crontabs

file bison cmake patch mlocate flex diffutils automake make kernel-devel cpp

readline-devel openssl-devel vim-minimal glibc-devel glib2-devel

bzip2-devel e2fsprogs-devel libidn-devel gettext-devel expat-devel

libcap-devel libtool-ltdl-devel pam-devel pcre-devel libmcrypt-devel

2.在服务器a上安装mysql

tar zxf mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.5.33

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

make

make install

chmod +w /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

cd support-files/

cp my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp -f mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

mkdir /var/lib/mysql

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig mysqld on

cat > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf<<EOF

/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql

/usr/local/lib

EOF

ldconfig

如果你是在64位机器上的话,那你就执行下面这个命令:

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql

如果你是在32位机器上的话,那就执行下面的命令:

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql

然后再执行:

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin

service mysqld start

mysqladmin -u root password 'password'

当然如果大家觉得编译安装mysql很麻烦的话,那么可以去看看这篇文章安装mysql5.5二进制包.

服务器b安装mysql配置跟服务器a一样,这里就不说了.

3.配置主从

在服务器a上:

vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

log-bin=master-bin

log-bin-index=master-bin.index

server-id = 1

innodb_file_per_table = 1

binlog_format=mixed

授权复制用户:

mysql -u root -p

grant replication slave on *.* to 'dbmysql'@'%' identified by '123456';

flush privileges;

重启mysql

service mysqld restart

在服务器b上:

vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

relay-log = relay-log

relay-log-index = relay-log.index

server-id = 2

innodb_file_per_table = 1

binlog_format=mixed

然后重启mysql

service mysqld restart

服务器b连接连接主服务器并复制

先在服务器a上查看master的状态

mysql> show master status;

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| master-bin.000001 | 107 | | |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

然后在服务器b上进行连接

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.10.151',master_user='dbmysql',maste

r_password='123456',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=107;

查看一下slave状态

mysql> show slave statusG

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State:

Master_Host: 192.168.10.151

Master_User: dbmysql

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001

Relay_Log_Pos: 4

Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001

Slave_IO_Running: No

Slave_SQL_Running: No

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_Space: 107

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_(www.111cn.net)CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 0

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

启动slave再查看

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave statusG

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master

Master_Host: 192.168.10.151

Master_User: dbmysql

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001

Relay_Log_Pos: 4

Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001

Slave_IO_Running: Connecting

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_Space: 107

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 2003

Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'dbmysql@192.168.10.151:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 86400

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 0

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

看到上面错误了没,说明mysql主和从服务器的防火墙没有开放3306端口,去服务器a和服务器b上把3306端口打开,再来查看mysql从的状态

mysql> show slave statusG

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.10.151

Master_User: dbmysql

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000011

Relay_Log_Pos: 254

Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_Space: 404

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

好了,可以看到Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running都是yes了,下面也没有error提示了.

4.验证

在mysql主上创建个数据库

mysql> create database emlog;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

再在mysql从上查看是否有这个数据库

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| emlog |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.02 sec)

可以看到已经同步复制过来了,mysql主从搭建成功.

更多详细内容:http://www.111cn.net/database/mysql/52862.htm