python 关于UTF-8 编码的问题

Defining the Encoding

Python will default to ASCII as standard encoding if no other
    encoding hints are given.

    To define a source code encoding, a magic comment must
    be placed into the source files either as first or second
    line in the file（重点是这句话：必须置于源代码的第一行或者第二行！！！）, such as:

          # coding=<encoding name>

    or (using formats recognized by popular editors)

          #!/usr/bin/python
          # -*- coding: <encoding name> -*-

    or

          #!/usr/bin/python
          # vim: set fileencoding=<encoding name> :

    More precisely, the first or second line must match the regular
    expression "coding[:=]\s*([-\w.]+)". The first group of this
    expression is then interpreted as encoding name. If the encoding
    is unknown to Python, an error is raised during compilation. There
    must not be any Python statement on the line that contains the
    encoding declaration.

    To aid with platforms such as Windows, which add Unicode BOM marks
    to the beginning of Unicode files, the UTF-8 signature
    '\xef\xbb\xbf' will be interpreted as 'utf-8' encoding as well
    (even if no magic encoding comment is given).

    If a source file uses both the UTF-8 BOM mark signature and a
    magic encoding comment, the only allowed encoding for the comment
    is 'utf-8'.  Any other encoding will cause an error.