android 背景选择器selector

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一．创建xml文件，位置：drawable/xxx.xml,同目录下记得要放相关图片

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">  
  
    <!-- 没有焦点时的背景图片 -->  
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_normal" android:state_enabled="true" android:state_window_focused="false"/>  
    <!-- 触摸模式按下时的背景图片 -->  
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_pressed" android:state_pressed="true"/>  
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_focused" android:state_enabled="true" android:state_focused="true"/>  
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_normal" android:state_enabled="true"/>  
    <!-- 获得焦点时的图片背景 -->  
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_focused" android:state_focused="true"/>  
  
    <!--  
    android:state_selected是选中  
    android:state_focused是获得焦点  
    android:state_pressed是点击  
    android:state_enabled是设置是否响应事件,指所有事件  
    -->  
  
</selector>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<!-- 没有焦点时的背景图片 -->
<item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_normal" android:state_enabled="true" android:state_window_focused="false"/>
<!-- 触摸模式按下时的背景图片 -->
<item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_pressed" android:state_pressed="true"/>
<item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_focused" android:state_enabled="true" android:state_focused="true"/>
<item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_normal" android:state_enabled="true"/>
<!-- 获得焦点时的图片背景 -->
<item android:drawable="@drawable/handle_focused" android:state_focused="true"/>

<!--
android:state_selected是选中
android:state_focused是获得焦点
android:state_pressed是点击
android:state_enabled是设置是否响应事件,指所有事件
-->

</selector>

二.使用xml文件：

1.方法一：在listview中配置android:listSelector="@drawable/xxx
或者在listview的item中添加属性android：background="@drawable/xxx"
2.方法二：Drawable drawable = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.xxx);  

       ListView.setSelector(drawable);但是这样会出现列表有时候为黑的情况，需要加上：android:cacheColorHint="@android:color/transparent"使其透明。

相关属性：
android:state_selected是选中

android:state_focused是获得焦点

android:state_pressed是点击

android:state_enabled是设置是否响应事件,指所有事件
根据这些状态同样可以设置button的selector效果。也可以设置selector改变button中的文字状态。

以下是配置button中的文字效果：
drawable/button_font.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">  
    <item android:state_selected="true" android:color="#FFF" />  
    <item android:state_focused="true" android:color="#FFF" />  
    <item android:state_pressed="true" android:color="#FFF" />  
    <item android:color="#000" />  
</selector>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_selected="true" android:color="#FFF" />
<item android:state_focused="true" android:color="#FFF" />
<item android:state_pressed="true" android:color="#FFF" />
<item android:color="#000" />
</selector>

Button还可以实现更复杂的效果，例如渐变
drawable/button_color.xml

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<span style="color: rgb(51, 0, 51);"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">         /   
<item android:state_pressed="true">//定义当button 处于pressed 状态时的形态。   
                <shape>  
                <gradient  android:startColor="#8600ff" />   
                      <stroke   android:width="2dp" android:color="#000000" />   
                       <corners android:radius="5dp" />    
                       <padding android:left="10dp" android:top="10dp"   
                                android:bottom="10dp" android:right="10dp"/>    
                 </shape>   
</item>   
<item android:state_focused="true">//定义当button获得 focus时的形态   
                 <shape>   
                       <gradient android:startColor="#eac100"/>   
                       <stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#333333"  color="#ffffff"/>   
                       <corners android:radius="8dp" />     
                       <padding android:left="10dp" android:top="10dp"   
                                android:bottom="10dp" android:right="10dp"/>                     
                </shape>   
 </item>  
</selector></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"> </span>  

<span style="color: rgb(51, 0, 51);"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">         /
<item android:state_pressed="true">//定义当button 处于pressed 状态时的形态。
<shape>
<gradient  android:startColor="#8600ff" />
<stroke   android:width="2dp" android:color="#000000" />
<corners android:radius="5dp" />
<padding android:left="10dp" android:top="10dp"
android:bottom="10dp" android:right="10dp"/>
</shape>
</item>
<item android:state_focused="true">//定义当button获得 focus时的形态
<shape>
<gradient android:startColor="#eac100"/>
<stroke android:width="2dp" android:color="#333333"  color="#ffffff"/>
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
<padding android:left="10dp" android:top="10dp"
android:bottom="10dp" android:right="10dp"/>
</shape>
</item>
</selector></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"> </span>

最后，需要在包含 button的xml文件里添加两项。例如main.xml 文件，需要在<Button />里加两项android：focusable="true" android:background="@drawable/button_color"这样就把drawale/button_color.xml文件与这个控件关联起来了。