ubuntu12.04 apt-get安装 lnmp环境(转)

1.安装mysql

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sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

安装过程中要输入root用户的密码。

我在安装中出错，是原来的mysql-cilent mysql-workbench 未完全卸载，将mysql组件完全卸载的方法：

删除mysql前 先删除一下 /var/lib/mysql 还有 /etc/mysql

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sudo rm /var/lib/mysql/ -R

sudo rm /etc/mysql/ -R

sudo apt-get autoremove mysql* --purge

sudo apt-get remove apparmor

全部删除之后再执行 apt-get install mysql-server mysql -client

2.安装nginx

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sudo apt-get install nginx

3.安装成功后。我们重启下nginx服务

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sudo service nginx restart<span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span>

启动之后我们就可以访问以下我们的地址了。看能不能出现nginx的欢迎界面。

4.这里我们使用php5-fpm来作为我们的php解析。

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sudo apt-get install php5-fpm

5.接下来我们要修改一下nginx的站点配置了。

ngnix的配置文件存放在/etc/nginx/sites-availble/default

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server {

listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied

listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6

root /usr/share/nginx/www;

index index.php index.html index.htm;

# Make site accessible from http://localhost/
server_name _;

location / {

# First attempt to serve request as file, then

# as directory, then fall back to index.html

try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;

}

location /doc {

root /usr/share;

autoindex on;

allow 127.0.0.1;

deny all;

}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root /usr/share/nginx/www;

}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

location ~ \.php$ {

try_files $uri =404;

# With php5-cgi alone:

# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

# With php5-fpm:

# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fastcgi_params;

}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

# concurs with nginx's one

#

location ~ /\.ht {

deny all;

}

}

6.我们在安装php5相关的一些组件。

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sudo apt-cache search php5

apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl

7.重启服务

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sudo service php5-fpm restart

sudo service nginx restart

经测试，现在应该已经安装成功了。

PHP扩展的安装方式通常分为两种：

1. 随同PHP编译

2. 生成单独的.so文件

这里介绍第二种方式，对于第二种方式执行效率可能低些，但是模块化，就是可以保持php安装不变的情况下，通过php.ini连接单独生成的so文件实现扩展，

比如您已经通过了tar包方式安装了php，那么现在想增加扩展：

安装CURL扩展

I. 生成动态链接库文件.SO

方法如下：

方法1. apt-get install php5-curl

方法2. 去PHP网站下载tar包，phpize本地编译生成.so

方法3. pear方式安装，通过pecl命令去在线下载编译生成.so

方法1在ubuntu下是最简单的，命令执行完会告知.so所在目录

II. 配置php.ini

打开php.ini，指定extension_dir目录，如果extension_dir = '/usr/lib',那么接下来把生成的.so文件（如curl.so）复制到/usr/lib目录下，并且加入一个新条目：

extension=curl.so

III. 使之生效

重新启动apache,运行phpinfo()看是否生效

安装PDO_MYSQL扩展

采用pear方式安装

I. 安装pear

apt-get install php-pear 如果没有pear要先安装pear

II. 安装pdo,pdo_mysql

pecl install pdo pecl install pdo_mysql

生成.so复制到/usr/lib目录下.

如果没有安装php和mysql的开发包，在执行第II步之前还需要安装

apt-get install php5-devapt-get install libmysqlclient15-dev

III. 修改配置文件php.ini

增加条目

extension=pdo.so

extension=pdo_mysql.so

IV. 使之生效

重新启动apache,运行phpinfo()看是否生效

在php5.2.10中，php默认已经安装了pdo，所以extension=pdo.so不加，但是发现和自己生成的pdo_mysql.so不匹配错误，解决办法是：

重新安装php，增加参数--disable-pdo 禁止pdo模块，用自己前面生成pdo.so,pdo+mysql.so就OK了

安装ImageMagic扩展

采用pear方式安装

I. 安装ImageMagick

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

II. 安装imagemagick 的lib 供php调用

sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev

III. 调用当前的pecl安装imagick

pecl install imagick

IV. 修改php.ini.重启apache服务器

在php.ini中添加: extension = imagick.so

phpize的安装

phpize是属于php-devel的内容，所以只要运行

apt-get install php-devel就行。ubuntu 下是 apt-get install php-dev

我安装的时候装的是php5-dev

装完之后是用phpize5来装自己编写的php扩展

本人转自 http://blog.csdn.net/zhxp_870516/article/details/8520358
同时也参考了 http://blog.slps.tp.edu.tw/00086/?p=585
下面是我自己的defalut 文件内容 #的是注释 因为有的为了tp整合 支持pathinfo 所以有很多注释没去掉，可以参考上面原作者的default配置 这一段我和原作者不一样

/*

location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri = 404;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
# # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
#
# # With php5-cgi alone:
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# # With php5-fpm:
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
}

*/

以下是defautl的配置

# You may add here your
# server {
# ...
# }
# statements for each of your virtual hosts to this file

##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls # http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart # http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration #
# Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean
# file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##

server {

listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied
listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6
server_name bbb.test.pt;
root /usr/share/nginx/www;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
#index index.php
#1.php
# Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name localhost;

location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to index.html
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
# Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
if (!-e $request_filename) {
rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=$1 last;
break;
}
# include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
}

location /doc/ {
root /usr/share/;
autoindex on;
allow 127.0.0.1;
deny all;
}

# Only for nginx-naxsi : process denied requests
#location /RequestDenied {
# For example, return an error code
#return 418;
#}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/www;
}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri = 404;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
# # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
#
# # With php5-cgi alone:
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# # With php5-fpm:
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
}
###############################
#去掉$是为了不匹配行末，即可以匹配.php/，以实现pathinfo
#如果你不需要用到php5后缀，也可以将其去掉
# location ~ .php
# {
#原有代码

#定义变量 $path_info ，用于存放pathinfo信息
# set $path_info "";
#定义变量 $real_script_name，用于存放真实地址
# set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name;
#如果地址与引号内的正则表达式匹配
# if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") {
#将文件地址赋值给变量 $real_script_name
# set $real_script_name $1;
#将文件地址后的参数赋值给变量 $path_info
# set $path_info $2;
# }
#配置fastcgi的一些参数
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$real_script_name;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $real_script_name;
# fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
# }
#######
#如果请求既不是一个文件，也不是一个目录，则执行一下重写规则
# if (!-e $request_filename)
# {
#地址作为将参数rewrite到index.php上。
# rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php/$1;
#若是子目录则使用下面这句，将subdir改成目录名称即可。
#rewrite ^/subdir/(.*)$ /subdir/index.php/$1;
# }
######

##############################
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
# include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*
}
#include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*;

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
# }
#}

# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;
#
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#
# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
#
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
#
# ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1;
# ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
# }
#}