【转载】在RHEL(CentOS)5上安装shutter时遇到问题

在linux下记录文档时有时用到图像捕捉，其中一款比较好用的是shutter下载地址：

http://shutter-project.org/wp-content/uploads/releases/tars/
安装步骤

1，安装Gtk2-Unique的依赖包

下载地址：http://search.cpan.org/~potyl/Gtk2-Unique-0.05/lib/Gtk2/Unique.pm

参考文档

编译安装shutter-0.87.2

一，问题的出现

https://launchpad.net/shutter/+download

下载完之后解压

[root@localhost ~]# tar -ixzvf /smbroot/shutter-0.87.tar.gz

解压完毕后执行

[root@localhost ~]# find / -name shutter*

发现在root目录下会出现shutter-0.87文件夹，然后执行

[root@localhost ~]# yum install shutter

Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security

This system is not registered with RHN.

RHN support will be disabled.

Setting up Install Process

No package shutter available.

Nothing to do

怎么会有“This system is not registered with RHN？”，上网搜了下得知，出现了上述错误提示,原因是你的linux没有在红帽网络上注册，所以无法下载上面的软件包，替代方案可以使用CentOS。有关RHEL和CentOS之间的关系见可参考这篇文章：http://hi.baidu.com/xctgu123/blog/item/efced11bd45980128618bf95.html，有很详细的介绍，其实就是一个是商业版本，一个是社区版本一样。

二，上述问题的解决办法

1，卸载rhel的默认安装的yum包

查看yum包

[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa|grep yum

yum-3.2.22-26.el5

yum-security-1.1.16-13.el5

yum-rhn-plugin-0.5.4-15.el5

yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5

yum-updatesd-0.9-2.el5

[root@localhost /]#

卸载之

[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

[root@localhost /]#

2，下载新的yum包(可以到http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/找到相应安装包)

以下是在终端操作过程

第一个包

32位系统平台

[root@localhost /]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost /]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm

64位系统平台

[root@localhost /]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost /]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

相应结果：

--2011-02-22 12:30:18-- http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

正在解析主机 centos.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.23, 2001:da8:d800::23

Connecting to centos.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.23|:80... 已连接。

已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK

长度：1026405 (1002K) [application/x-rpm]

Saving to: `yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm.1'

100%[======================================>] 1,026,405 730K/s in 1.4s

2011-02-22 12:30:20 (730 KB/s) - `yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm.1' saved [1026405/1026405]

[root@localhost /]#

第二个包

32位系统平台

[root@localhost /]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost /]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

64位系统平台

[root@localhost /]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost /]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm

相应结果：

--2011-02-22 12:37:36-- http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm

正在解析主机 centos.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.23, 2001:da8:d800::23

Connecting to centos.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.23|:80... 已连接。

已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK

长度：19145 (19K) [application/x-rpm]

Saving to: `yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm.1'

100%[======================================>] 19,145 --.-K/s in 0.05s

2011-02-22 12:37:36 (342 KB/s) - `yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm.1' saved [19145/19145]

[root@localhost /]#

第三个包

32位系统平台

[root@localhost /]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm

[root@localhost /]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm

64位系统平台

[root@localhost /]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm

[root@localhost /]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm

相应结果：

--2011-02-22 12:43:15-- http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm

正在解析主机 centos.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.23, 2001:da8:d800::23

Connecting to centos.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.23|:80... 已连接。

已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK

长度：26053 (25K) [application/x-rpm]

Saving to: `yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm'

100%[======================================>] 26,053 --.-K/s in 0.08s

2011-02-22 12:43:15 (309 KB/s) - `yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm' saved [26053/26053]

[root@localhost /]#

3，安装yum的rpm包（注意：yum和yum-fastestmirror相互依赖，所以同时安装即可。）

[root@localhost /]# rpm -ivh yum-*

warning: yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm.1: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:yum-metadata-parser ########################################### [ 33%]

2:yum-fastestmirror ########################################### [ 67%]

3:yum ########################################### [100%]

[root@localhost /]#

4，下载yum的配置源

[root@localhost /]# wget http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/CentOS-Base.repo

5，修改配置源

把CentOS-Base.repo里面的url的http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/红色字体部分改成网易的yum源http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/的红色字体部分（有什么软件包，可以很清楚的看见），用自己国内的网站，速度蛮快的。

6,全部更新

把修改后的CentOS-Base.repo复制到/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下，并在该目录下执行yum update进行统一更新，完成即可，这下安装软件什么的就比较方便了，不然的话，呵呵，那就有得你忙了。。。Linux软件包的依赖关系那是相当的头痛

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#yum update

接下来是一个比较长的等待。。。

三，shutter包安装

1，yum更新完后，回到根目录下执行

[root@localhost /]# yum install shutter

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

addons | 951 B 00:00

base | 2.1 kB 00:00

extras | 2.1 kB 00:00

update | 1.9 kB 00:00

Setting up Install Process

No package shutter available.

Nothing to do

再执行

[root@localhost ~]# yum install shutter

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

No package shutter available.

Nothing to do

[root@localhost ~]#

明明着shutter包我已经下载到本地文件夹下了，为什么不能正确安装呢？

在网上也没搜到有用的信息，只好换成其它安装包，下面页面有shutter-0.86.4-2.fc15.noarch.rpm包下载

http://pkgs.org/download/fedora-rawhide/fedora-i386/shutter-0.86.4-2.fc15.noarch.rpm.html，在打开的页面中有一行"packages from offical
mirrors:"，在其后面点击"binary package"。

下载时注意shutter-0.86.4-2.fc15.noarch.rpm包所需要的依赖

1，下载完后执行

[root@localhost /]# yum install /smbroot/shutter-0.86.4-1.fc14.noarch.rpm

。。。。。。

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Goo::Canvas) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(File::Which) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: gnome-web-photo is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(File::MimeInfo::Applications) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(File::Copy::Recursive) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Proc::Simple)

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Locale::gettext) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gnome2) is needed by

--> Missing Dependency: perl(File::HomeDir::Unix) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Sort::Naturally) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(WWW::Mechanize) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gtk2) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gtk2::Pango) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gnome2::GConf) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gnome2::VFS) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gnome2::Canvas) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gtk2::ImageView) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gtk2::Gdk::Keysyms) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Net::DBus::GLib) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(X11::Protocol) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Net::DBus) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Gnome2::Wnck) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Proc::Killfam) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(File::HomeDir) is needed

--> Missing Dependency: perl(Glib) is needed

You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem

You could try running: package-cleanup --problems

package-cleanup --dupes

rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

The program package-cleanup is found in the yum-utils package.

[root@localhost /]#

因为安装shutter所需要的依赖系统中没有，所以才产生错误，此依赖需要到刚才的网页http://pkgs.org/fedora-rawhide/fedora-i386/shutter-0.86.4-2.fc15.noarch.rpm.html的Requires下面找到对应的依赖下载。

按照上面的提示一一下载了所需依赖包，但有一个问题还需要注意，在下载perl(Glib)包时，它也需要依赖，需要连同它的依赖包一并下载。之后执行

[root@localhost ~]# yum install glib* perl-*

。。。。。。

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository

Size

================================================================================

Installing:

。。。。。。

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install 49 Package(s)

Upgrade 0 Package(s)

Total download size: 4.1 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

。。。。。。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 301 kB/s | 4.1 MB 00:14

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Finished Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Installing ：。。。。。。

Installed:

。。。。。。

Dependency Installed:

GeoIP.i386 0:1.4.5-1.el5.centos

Complete!

但是，当再次执行

[root@localhost smbroot]# yum install shutter-0.86.4-1.fc14.noarch.rpm

。。。。。。

Error: Missing Dependency:

。。。。。。

显然，依赖错误依然，郁闷中。。。

网上有人说，用源码包可以解决依赖问题，源码地址http://shutter-project.org/wp-content/uploads/releases/tars/

但下载之后却不知怎么编译，仍然郁闷。。。