LVM2 Logical Volume Manager 详解（八）--LVM逻辑卷Logical Volume命令实战

1.创建逻辑卷

root@king:~# lvcreate --help
lvcreate: Create a logical volume

lvcreate
[-A|--autobackup {y|n}]
[-a|--activate [a|e|l]{y|n}]      # 是否创建后可以立即被系统使用，默认ay激活，an不激活，快照只可以在激活的卷上创建。
[--addtag Tag]
[--alloc AllocationPolicy]
[-C|--contiguous {y|n}]           # 是否连续分配
[-d|--debug]
[-h|-?|--help]
[--ignoremonitoring]
[--monitor {y|n}]
[-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]]
{-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|PVS|FREE}] |                               #<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">条带大小</span>
-L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]}
[-M|--persistent {y|n}] [--major major] [--minor minor]
[-m|--mirrors Mirrors [--nosync] [{--mirrorlog {disk|core|mirrored}|--corelog}]]   #创建镜像数的逻辑卷，
[-n|--name LogicalVolumeName]    #逻辑卷名称
[--noudevsync]                   #禁用udev同步
[-p|--permission {r|rw}]         #设置只读卷或者读写卷
[-r|--readahead ReadAheadSectors|auto|none]     #设置逻辑卷
[-R|--regionsize MirrorLogRegionSize]           #镜像区域的大小
[-T|--thin  [-c|--chunksize  ChunkSize]
[--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}]
[--poolmetadatasize MetadataSize[bBsSkKmMgG]]]     #薄池元数据大小，范围2MB-16GB。默认值<span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(Pool_LV_size / Pool_LV_chunk_size * 64b)，默认单位MB。</span>
[--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume{Name|Path}]
[-t|--test]
[--type VolumeType]          #创建指定段类型的逻辑卷，例如Raid5，镜像，快照，薄卷，薄池。-s是--type snapshot的别称。
[-v|--verbose]
[-Z|--zero {y|n}]            #控制是否调零逻辑卷的第一个KB的数据
[--version]
VolumeGroupName [PhysicalVolumePath...]

lvcreate
{ {-s|--snapshot} OriginalLogicalVolume[Path] |      #创建逻辑卷的快照卷
[-s|--snapshot] VolumeGroupName[Path] -V|--virtualsize VirtualSize}
{-T|--thin} VolumeGroupName[Path][/PoolLogicalVolume]   #创建薄池卷
-V|--virtualsize VirtualSize}
[-c|--chunksize]                #快照和拨池逻辑卷的块大小，快照的块大小必须是2的整数幂，4KB-512KB，默认4KB。薄池块值64KB-1GB。
[-A|--autobackup {y|n}]
[--addtag Tag]
[--alloc AllocationPolicy]
[-C|--contiguous {y|n}]
[-d|--debug]
[--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}]   #薄池的丢弃行为，默认为passdown
[-h|-?|--help]
[--ignoremonitoring]
[--monitor {y|n}]
[-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]]        #条带数
{-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|FREE|ORIGIN}] |    #条带大小，<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">分配新逻辑卷的逻辑块大小，</span>
-L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]}            #指定新增逻辑卷的大小
[--poolmetadatasize Size[bBsSkKmMgG]]
[-M|--persistent {y|n}] [--major major] [--minor minor]
[-n|--name LogicalVolumeName]
[--noudevsync]
[-p|--permission {r|rw}]
[-r|--readahead ReadAheadSectors|auto|none]
[-t|--test]
[--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume[Path]]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
[PhysicalVolumePath...]

root@king:~# lvcreate --type raid5 -L 1G -i 3 -n lv_1 vg_1
Using default stripesize 64.00 KiB
Rounding size (256 extents) up to stripe boundary size (258 extents)
Logical volume "lv_1" created
root@king:~# pvs
PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree
/dev/sdb1  vg_1 lvm2 a--  1020.00m 672.00m
/dev/sdb2  vg_1 lvm2 a--     2.00g   1.66g
/dev/sdb3  vg_1 lvm2 a--  1020.00m 672.00m
/dev/sdb4  vg_1 lvm2 a--  1020.00m 672.00m
root@king:~# vgs
VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
vg_1   4   1   0 wz--n- 4.98g 3.62g

2.删除逻辑卷

root@king:~# lvremove --help
lvremove: Remove logical volume(s) from the system

lvremove
[-A|--autobackup y|n]
[-d|--debug]
[-f|--force]
[-h|--help]
[--noudevsync]    #禁用udev同步
[-t|--test]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
LogicalVolume[Path] [LogicalVolume[Path]...]

3.修改逻辑卷

root@king:~# lvchange --help
lvchange: Change the attributes of logical volume(s)

lvchange
[-A|--autobackup y|n]
[-a|--activate [a|e|l]{y|n}]
[--addtag Tag]
[--alloc AllocationPolicy]
[-C|--contiguous y|n]
[-d|--debug]
[--deltag Tag]
[-f|--force]
[-h|--help]
[--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}]
[--ignorelockingfailure]
[--ignoremonitoring]
[--monitor {y|n}]
[--poll {y|n}]
[--noudevsync]
[-M|--persistent y|n] [--major major] [--minor minor]
[-P|--partial]
[-p|--permission r|rw]
[-r|--readahead ReadAheadSectors|auto|none]
[--refresh]          #逻辑卷如果是激活的，刷新元数据。
[--resync]           #强制镜像同步
[--sysinit]
[-t|--test]
[-v|--verbose]
[-y|--yes]
[--version]
[-Z|--zero {y|n}]
LogicalVolume[Path] [LogicalVolume[Path]...]

4.逻辑卷转换

root@king:~# lvconvert --help
lvconvert: Change logical volume layout

lvconvert [-m|--mirrors Mirrors [{--mirrorlog {disk|core|mirrored}|--corelog}]]
[--type SegmentType]
[--repair [--use-policies]]
[--replace PhysicalVolume]
[-R|--regionsize MirrorLogRegionSize]
[--alloc AllocationPolicy]
[-b|--background]
[-d|--debug]
[-f|--force]
[-h|-?|--help]
[-i|--interval seconds]
[--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]]
[--noudevsync]
[-v|--verbose]
[-y|--yes]
[--version]
LogicalVolume[Path] [PhysicalVolume[Path]...]

lvconvert [--splitmirrors Images --trackchanges]
[--splitmirrors Images --name SplitLogicalVolumeName]
LogicalVolume[Path] [SplittablePhysicalVolume[Path]...]

lvconvert [-s|--snapshot]
[-c|--chunksize]
[-d|--debug]
[-h|-?|--help]
[--noudevsync]
[-v|--verbose]
[-Z|--zero {y|n}]
[--version]
OriginalLogicalVolume[Path] SnapshotLogicalVolume[Path]

lvconvert --merge
[-b|--background]
[-i|--interval seconds]
[-d|--debug]
[-h|-?|--help]
[-v|--verbose]
LogicalVolume[Path]

lvconvert --thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume[Path]
[--chunksize size]
[--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}]
[[--poolmetadatasize size] | --poolmetadata ThinMetadataLogicalVolume[Path]]
[-Z|--zero {y|n}]
[-d|--debug] [-h|-?|--help] [-v|--verbose]

5.扩展逻辑卷

root@king:~# lvextend --help
lvextend: Add space to a logical volume

lvextend
[-A|--autobackup y|n]
[--alloc AllocationPolicy]
[-d|--debug]
[-f|--force]
[-h|--help]
[-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]]      #扩展条带数
{-l|--extents [+]LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|LV|PVS|FREE|ORIGIN}] |
-L|--size [+]LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]}       #扩展逻辑块大小
[-m|--mirrors Mirrors]
[--nosync]
[--use-policies]
[-n|--nofsck]
[--noudevsync]
[-r|--resizefs]
[-t|--test]
[--type VolumeType]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
LogicalVolume[Path] [ PhysicalVolumePath... ]

6.缩减逻辑卷

root@king:~# lvreduce --help
lvreduce: Reduce the size of a logical volume

lvreduce
[-A|--autobackup y|n]
[-d|--debug]
[-f|--force]
[-h|--help]
{-l|--extents [-]LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|LV|FREE|ORIGIN}] |
-L|--size [-]LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]}
[-n|--nofsck]
[--noudevsync]
[-r|--resizefs]         #和逻辑卷一起调整底层文件系统大小，使用fsadm
[-t|--test]
[-v|--verbose]
[-y|--yes]
[--version]
LogicalVolume[Path]

7.重命名，修改大小

root@king:~# lvrename --help
lvrename: Rename a logical volume

lvrename
[-A|--autobackup {y|n}]
[-d|--debug]
[-h|-?|--help]
[--noudevsync]
[-t|--test]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
{ OldLogicalVolumePath NewLogicalVolumePath |
VolumeGroupName OldLogicalVolumeName NewLogicalVolumeName }

root@king:~# lvresize --help
lvresize: Resize a logical volume

lvresize
[-A|--autobackup y|n]
[--alloc AllocationPolicy]
[-d|--debug]
[-f|--force]
[-h|--help]
[-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]]
{-l|--extents [+|-]LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|LV|PVS|FREE|ORIGIN}] |
-L|--size [+|-]LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]}
[-n|--nofsck]
[--noudevsync]
[-r|--resizefs]
[-t|--test]
[--type VolumeType]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
LogicalVolume[Path] [ PhysicalVolumePath... ]

8.显示信息

root@king:~# lvdisplay --help
lvdisplay: Display information about a logical volume

lvdisplay
[-a|--all]
[-c|--colon]
[-d|--debug]
[-h|--help]
[--ignorelockingfailure]
[-m|--maps]
[--nosuffix]
[-P|--partial]
[--units hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
[LogicalVolume[Path] [LogicalVolume[Path]...]]

lvdisplay --columns|-C
[--aligned]
[-a|--all]
[-d|--debug]
[-h|--help]
[--ignorelockingfailure]
[--noheadings]
[--nosuffix]
[-o|--options [+]Field[,Field]]
[-O|--sort [+|-]key1[,[+|-]key2[,...]]]
[-P|--partial]
[--segments]
[--separator Separator]
[--unbuffered]
[--units hHbBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
[LogicalVolume[Path] [LogicalVolume[Path]...]]

9.扫描卷组

root@king:~# lvscan --help
lvscan: List all logical volumes in all volume groups

lvscan
[-a|--all]
[-b|--blockdevice]
[-d|--debug]
[-h|-?|--help]
[--ignorelockingfailure]
[-P|--partial]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]

root@king:~# lvmdiskscan --help
lvmdiskscan: List devices that may be used as physical volumes

lvmdiskscan
[-d|--debug]
[-h|--help]
[-l|--lvmpartition]
[--version]

10.显示所有类型

root@king:~# lvm segtypes
striped
zero
error
free
snapshot
mirror
raid1
raid10
raid4
raid5
raid5_la
raid5_ra
raid5_ls
raid5_rs
raid6
raid6_zr
raid6_nr
raid6_nc
thin-pool
thin