Android与服务器端数据交互（基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice）

上一节中我们通过http协议，采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据。当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种。WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据，

那么什么是webService呢？，它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准，通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台，不同语言，不同技术整合到一起。

我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过J***A ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：

首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包

然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：



以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法：

第一：实例化SoapObject 对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：

//命名空间
    private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
    //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
    private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//实例化SoapObject对象
        SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);

第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数

request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");

第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):

//获得序列化的Envelope
        SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
        envelope.bodyOut=request;

第四步：注册Envelope,

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：

//请求URL
    private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
//Android传输对象
        AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
        transport.debug=true;

第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象):

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

第七步：解析返回数据：

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
                return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
            }

/**************
     * 解析XML
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    private static List<String> parse(String str){
        String temp;
        List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
        if(str!=null && str.length()>0){
            int start=str.indexOf("string");
            int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");
            temp=str.substring(start, end-3);
            String []test=temp.split(";");
            
             for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){
                 if(i==0){
                     temp=test[i].substring(7);
                 }else{
                     temp=test[i].substring(8);
                 }
                 int index=temp.indexOf(",");
                 list.add(temp.substring(0, index));
             }
        }
        return list;
    }

这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧，这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的，我这里只提供获取城市列表：

//命名空间
    private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
    //请求URL
    private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
    //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
    private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
    //调用城市的方法(需要带参数)
    private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
    //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)
    private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";

然后你可以在浏览器中输入地址（WSDL）：serviceURL,你会看到一些可供调用的方法：



我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧：getSupportProvice,然后调用，你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 
- <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
  <string>直辖市</string> 
  <string>特别行政区</string> 
  <string>黑龙江</string> 
  <string>吉林</string> 
  <string>辽宁</string> 
  <string>内蒙古</string> 
  <string>河北</string> 
  <string>河南</string> 
  <string>山东</string> 
  <string>山西</string> 
  <string>江苏</string> 
  <string>安徽</string> 
  <string>陕西</string> 
  <string>宁夏</string> 
  <string>甘肃</string> 
  <string>青海</string> 
  <string>湖北</string> 
  <string>湖南</string> 
  <string>浙江</string> 
  <string>江西</string> 
  <string>福建</string> 
  <string>贵州</string> 
  <string>四川</string> 
  <string>广东</string> 
  <string>广西</string> 
  <string>云南</string> 
  <string>海南</string> 
  <string>新疆</string> 
  <string>西藏</string> 
  <string>台湾</string> 
  <string>亚洲</string> 
  <string>欧洲</string> 
  <string>非洲</string> 
  <string>北美洲</string> 
  <string>南美洲</string> 
  <string>大洋洲</string> 
  </ArrayOfString>

我们可以用 listview来显示：

那么下面我将给出全部代码：

public class WebServiceHelper {
   
    //WSDL文档中的命名空间
    private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
    //WSDL文档中的URL
    private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
       
    //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)
    private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
    //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)
    private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
    //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数
    private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";

    /********
     * 获得州，国内外省份和城市信息
     * @return
     */
    public  List<String> getProvince(){
        List<String> provinces=new ArrayList<String>();
        String str="";
        SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince);
        //request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
        
        SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
        envelope.dotNet=true;
        envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;
        
        
        AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
        //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
        try {
            
            httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope);
            SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
            //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象
            //str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString();
            
            int count=result.getPropertyCount();
            for(int index=0;index<count;index++){
                provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
            }
            
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
        return provinces;
    }
    
    /**********
     * 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合
     * @param province
     * @return
     */
    public  List<String> getCitys(String province){
        List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>();
        SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);
        soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province);
        SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
        envelope.dotNet=true;
        envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
        
        AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
        try {
            httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope);
            SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
            int count=result.getPropertyCount();
            for(int index=0;index<count;index++){
                citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
            }
            
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
        return citys;
    }
    
    /***************************
     * 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息
     * @param city
     * @return
     ***************************/
    public  WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){
        
        WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();

        SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);
        soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
        
        SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
        envelope.dotNet=true;
        envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;
        
        
        AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
        //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
        try {
            httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
            SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
            //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象
            bean=parserWeather(result);
             
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
        return bean;
    }
    
    /**
     * 解析返回的结果
     * @param soapObject
     */
    protected   WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){
        WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();
        
        List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
        
        
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
        
        //城市名
        bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString());
        //城市简介
        bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString());
        //天气实况+建议
        bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString());
        
        //其他数据
        //日期，
        String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString();
        //---------------------------------------------------
        String weatherToday="今天：" + date.split(" ")[0];  
        weatherToday+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; 
        weatherToday+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString();
        weatherToday+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString();
        weatherToday+="\n";
        
        List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
    
        icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString()));      
        icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString()));
         
        map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday);
        map.put("icons",icons);
        list.add(map);
        
        
        

        //-------------------------------------------------
        map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); 
        date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString();
        String weatherTomorrow="明天：" + date.split(" ")[0];  
        weatherTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; 
        weatherTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString();
        weatherTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString();
        weatherTomorrow+="\n";
        
        icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
         
        icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString()));      
        icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString()));
        
        map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow);
        map.put("icons",icons);
        list.add(map);
        //--------------------------------------------------------------
        map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); 
        
        date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString();
        String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天：" + date.split(" ")[0];  
        weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1]; 
        weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString();
        weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString();
        weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n";
        
        icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
        icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString()));      
        icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString()));
        
        map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow);
        map.put("icons",icons);
        list.add(map); 
        //--------------------------------------------------------------
        
        bean.setList(list);
        return bean;
    }
    
     //解析图标字符串
     private int parseIcon(String data){
        // 0.gif，返回名称0,
         int resID=32;
         String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim();
          // String []icon=data.split(".");
          // String result=icon[0].trim();
          //   Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim());
          
           if(!result.equals("nothing")){
               resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim());
           }
         return resID;
         //return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0]; 
     } 
}

以及帮助类：

public class WebServiceUtil {
   
    //命名空间
    private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
    //请求URL
    private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
    //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
    private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
    //调用城市的方法(需要带参数)
    private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
    //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)
    private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
     
    /*************
     * @return城市列表
     *************/
    public static List<String> getCityList(){
        //实例化SoapObject对象
        SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
        //获得序列化的Envelope
        SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
        envelope.bodyOut=request;
        (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
        //Android传输对象
        AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
        transport.debug=true;
        
        //调用
        try {
            transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
            if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
                return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
            }
            
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
        
        return null;
    }
    
    
    public static List<String> getProviceList(){
        //实例化SoapObject对象
        SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince);
        //获得序列化的Envelope
        SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
        envelope.bodyOut=request;
        (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
        //Android传输对象
        AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
        transport.debug=true;
        
        //调用
        try {
            transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
            if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
                return null;
            }
            
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
        
        return null;
    } 
    
    /*************
     * @param cityName
     * @return
     *************/
    public static String getWeather(String cityName){
     
        return "";
    }
    
    /**************
     * 解析XML
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    private static List<String> parse(String str){
        String temp;
        List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
        if(str!=null && str.length()>0){
            int start=str.indexOf("string");
            int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");
            temp=str.substring(start, end-3);
            String []test=temp.split(";");
            
             for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){
                 if(i==0){
                     temp=test[i].substring(7);
                 }else{
                     temp=test[i].substring(8);
                 }
                 int index=temp.indexOf(",");
                 list.add(temp.substring(0, index));
             }
        }
        return list;
    }
    
     /*********
      * 获取天气
      * @param soapObject
      */
     private void parseWeather(SoapObject soapObject){
         //String date=soapObject.getProperty(6);
     } 
}

以上就是我所作的查询天气预报的全部核心代码了，读者可以根据注释以及本文章了解下具体实现，相信很快就搞明白了，运行结果如下：











到此结束，下一节主要是socket通信了。