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NLog日志使用方法

2014-07-03 12:36 232 查看
Nlog是一款可以通过自动化配置来把log信息指定写入 win console,Sql server,甚至是通过STMP 发送邮件的log engine

首先下载Nlog DLL，通过网上直接download 或者nuget 下载DLL都可以。
http://nlog-project.org/download/
然后把下载下来的Nlog.dll ,Nlog,extension.dll 加入项目reference.

我暂时只加载了Nlog,因为还没去研究Nlog.extension有什么功能。

之后就是配置文件了，（Nlog Configuration）, 它其实是一个 config文件Name:（Nlog.config）

格式如下：

01
<?xml
version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"utf-8"
?>
02
<nlog
xmlns=
"http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
03
xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
>
04
05
<!--
06
See http://nlog-project.org/wiki/Configuration_file
07
for
information on customizing logging rules and outputs.
08
 
-->
09
<targets>
10
<!--
add your targets here -->
11
 
12
<!--
13
<target
xsi:type=
"File"
 
name=
"f"
 
fileName=
"${basedir}/logs/${shortdate}.log"
14
layout=
"${longdate}
${uppercase:${level}} ${message}"
 
/>
15
-->
16
</targets>
17
18
<rules>
19
<!--
add your logging rules here -->
20
 
21
<!--
22
<logger
name=
"*"
 
minlevel=
"Trace"
 
writeTo=
"f"
 
/>
23
-->
24
</rules>
25
</nlog>
或者如果你是WebAPP的话，可以把config直接写在web.config的<configuration>节点下，我比较喜欢这种

<configuration>

<configSections>

<section name="nlog" type="NLog.Config.ConfigSectionHandler, NLog"/>

</configSections>

<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

<!--See http://nlog-project.org/wiki/Configuration_filefor information on customizing logging rules and outputs. -->

<targets>

<target xsi:type="File" name="f" fileName="${basedir}/APP_Data/logs/${shortdate}.log" layout="${longdate} ${uppercase:${level}} ${message}" />

</targets>

<rules>

<logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="f" />

</rules>

</nlog>

</configuration>

接下来就是比较有技术含量的东西了，如何把log写入数据库，或者发邮件通知,也是通过配置文件，配置如下：

<?
xml
 
version
=
"1.0"
 
encoding
=
"utf-8"
 
?>
02
<
nlog
 
xmlns
=
"http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
03
xmlns:xsi
=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
>
04
 
05
<!--nlog
debug start-->
06
<!--<nlog
xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
07
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
08
throwExceptions="true"
internalLogFile="c:\nlog.txt" internalLogLevel="Debug" autoReload="true">-->
09
<!--nlog
debug end-->
10
 
11
<!--
12
See http://nlog-project.org/wiki/Configuration_file
13
for
information on customizing logging rules and outputs.
14
 
-->
15
<
targets
>
16
<!--
add your targets here -->
17
18
<!--<target
xsi:type="File" name="f" fileName="${basedir}/App_Data/logs/${shortdate}.log"
19
layout="${longdate}
${uppercase:${level}} ${message}" />-->
20
21
<
target
 
xsi:type
=
"File"
 
name
=
"f"
 
fileName
=
"${basedir}/App_Data/logs/${shortdate}.log"
22
layout
=
"${longdate}
${uppercase:${level}} ${loginuser} ${message} ${machinename} ${exception:format=type} ${callsite:className=true} ${logger} ${exception:stacktrace} ${exception:format=tostring}"
 
/>
23
24
<
target
 
xsi:type
=
"Database"
 
name
=
"db"
dbProvider
=
"mssql"
 
commandText
=
"Insert
into NLog_Record(time_stamp, level, host, url, type, source, logger, message, stacktrace, detail, loginuser) Values(@time_stamp, @level, @host, @url, @type, @source, @logger, @message, @stacktrace, @detail, @loginuser);"
 
connectionString
=
"Data
Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=Log_DB;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=資料庫登入帳號;Password=資料庫登入密碼;"
>
25
<!--<parameter
name="@time_stamp" layout="${longdate}" />-->
26
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@time_stamp"
 
layout
=
"${date:format=yyyy\-MM\-dd
HH\:mm\:ss.fff} "
 
/>
27
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@level"
 
layout
=
"${level}"
 
/>
28
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@host"
 
layout
=
"${machinename}"
 
/>
29
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@url"
 
layout
=
"${aspnet-request:serverVariable=url}"
 
/>
30
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@type"
 
layout
=
"${exception:format=type}"
 
/>
31
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@source"
 
layout
=
"${callsite:className=true}"
 
/>
32
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@logger"
 
layout
=
"${logger}"
 
/>
33
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@message"
 
layout
=
"${message}"
 
/>
34
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@stacktrace"
 
layout
=
"${exception:stacktrace}"
 
/>
35
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@detail"
 
layout
=
"${exception:format=tostring}"
 
/>
36
<
parameter
 
name
=
"@loginuser"
 
layout
=
"${loginuser}"
 
/>
37
</
target
>
38
39
<
target
 
xsi:type
=
"Mail"
 
name
 
=
"FatalMail"
40
smtpServer
=
"smtp.gmail.com"
41
smtpPort
=
"587"
42
smtpAuthentication
=
"Basic"
43
smtpUsername
=
"你要寄出的Email帳號"
44
smtpPassword
=
"寄出Email的密碼"
45
enableSsl
=
"true"
46
addNewLines
=
"true"
47
from
=
"寄出的Email"
48
to
=
"收信的Email,收信的Email2"
49
subject
=
"${machinename}
於 ${shortdate} ${time} Log級別：${level} 於 ${callsite:className=true}, 出現 ${exception:format=type}！"
50
header
=
"========================================================================="
51
body="${newline}
52
發生時間：${longdate}
${newline}${newline}
53
Log等級：${
level:uppercase
=
true
}
${newline}${newline}
54
Logger：${logger}
${newline}${newline}
55
Source：${
callsite:className
=
true
}
${newline}${newline}
56
使用者：${loginuser}
${newline}${newline}
57
Exception類別：${
exception:format
=
type
}
${newline}${newline}
58
錯誤訊息：${message}
${newline}${newline}"
59
footer
=
"========================================================================="
60
/>
61
62
<
target
 
bufferSize
=
"5"
 
name
=
"ErrorMail"
 
xsi:type
=
"BufferingWrapper"
>
63
<
target
 
xsi:type
=
"Mail"
64
smtpServer
=
"smtp.gmail.com"
65
smtpPort
=
"587"
66
smtpAuthentication
=
"Basic"
67
smtpUsername
=
"你要寄出的Email帳號"
68
smtpPassword
=
"寄出Email的密碼"
69
enableSsl
=
"true"
70
addNewLines
=
"true"
71
from
=
"寄出的Email"
72
to
=
"收信的Email,收信的Email2"
73
subject
=
"${machinename}
於 ${shortdate} ${time} Log級別：${level} 出現錯誤！"
74
header
=
"========================================================================="
75
body="${newline}
76
發生時間：${longdate}
${newline}${newline}
77
Log等級：${
level:uppercase
=
true
}
${newline}${newline}
78
Logger：${logger}
${newline}${newline}
79
Source：${
callsite:className
=
true
}
${newline}${newline}
80
使用者：${loginuser}
${newline}${newline}
81
Exception類別：${
exception:format
=
type
}
${newline}${newline}
82
錯誤訊息：${message}
${newline}${newline}"
83
footer
=
"========================================================================="
84
/>
85
</
target
>
86
87
</
targets
>
88
89
<
rules
>
90
<!--
add your logging rules here -->
91
92
<
logger
 
name
=
"*"
 
maxlevel
=
"Info"
 
writeTo
=
"f"
 
/>
93
<
logger
 
name
=
"*"
 
minlevel
=
"Warn"
 
writeTo
=
"db"
 
/>
94
<
logger
 
name
=
"*"
 
level
=
"Fatal"
 
writeTo
=
"FatalMail"
 
/>
95
<
logger
 
name
=
"*"
 
level
=
"Error"
 
writeTo
=
"ErrorMail"
 
/>
96
97
</
rules
>
98
</
nlog
>
需要注意的是，配置文件的

<target> 存放log的地方，文件/数据库/邮件

<rule>是写入/显示log的方式

最后就是Nlog的语句了：

using NLog;

private static Logger logger = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();

public ActionResult Index()

{

logger.Trace("Sample trace message");

logger.Debug("Sample debug message");

logger.Info("Sample informational message");

logger.Warn("Sample warning message");

logger.Error("Sample error message");

logger.Fatal("Sample fatal error message");

// alternatively you can call the Log() method

// and pass log level as the parameter.

logger.Log(LogLevel.Info, "Sample informational message");

如果你写入的是consoleApp，你会发现不同的log颜色会不同，一目了然
                                            

                                        

                        
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