mysql基础系列1 mysql的各种安装方法

本系统列是在rhel 6.5 x86_64上完成,mysql 是 mysql-5.6.17
1. 简介

2. os Vendor提供mysql安装
3. mysql官方提供的mysql安装及安装布局
3.1 源码编译
3.2 通用二进制格式程序包
3.3 官方提供的rpm包
4. 总结

1. mysql简介

MySQL is amulti-user, multi-threaded SQL database server.
MySQL is a client/serverimplementation consisting of a server
daemon (mysqld) and many different clientprograms and libraries.

2. os Vendor提供的mysql的安装

# yum install -ymysql mysql-server  mysql-devel
mysql.x86_640:5.1.71-1.el6                        客户端工具
Packagemysql-devel.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6          服务器端工具
Packagemysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.71-1.el6         包含开发所需的头文件和库文件

3. mysql官方提供的mysql安装及安装布局
3.1 源码编译安装
下载

# axel -n 10 http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz # axel -n 10  http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz.md5 mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz  mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz.md5

md5校验：验证包的完整性和正确性

[root@localhost software]# md5sum  mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
82114fa7c13fa3ca897b34666577d9f4 mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
[root@localhost software]# cat mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz.md5
82114fa7c13fa3ca897b34666577d9f4 mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz

编译安装:

# useradd -r mysql
# mkdir /mydata/data
# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/
# tar -xvf mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz&& cd mysql-5.6.17
# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql    \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mydata/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc  \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_ZLIB=system-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
# make && make install
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# chown  -R   mysql:mysql .
# scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/     初始化
# chown  -R root.                修改mysql的安装目录属主为root 属组为mysql
# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld    Sysv服务脚本
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig --list mysqld          添加开机启动项
# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
# source  /etc/profile
# cp support-files/my-default.cnf  /etc/my.cnf         添加配置文件
添加
datadir = /mydata/data
# vim /etc/man.config          添加手册
添加
MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man
# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql           输出头文件
# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib ' >/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf   库路径
# ldconfig  -v |grep mysql
# service mysqld start

选项说明:

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX :安装目录  这个参数可以在mysql启动时使用--basedir指定也可以在配置文件中指定basedir
其它组件的安装位置可以单独指定 如:
-DMYSQL_DATADIR             数据目录
-DSYSCONFDIR                配置文件目录
-DWITH_engine_STORAGE_ENGINE                  指定存储引擎
-DWITHOUT_engine_STORAGE_ENGINE=1       用于指定不需要的存储引擎
MyISAM,MERGE,MEMEORY 和csv 存储引擎默认已经被包含不必明确指定
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8     默认的字符集
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci     排序规则
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR unxi sockt    路径需要以完整路径的方式指定  如: /tmp/mysql.sock
其它需要用到的功能:
-DWITH_READLINE=1
-DWITH_SSL=system
-DWITH_ZLIB=system
-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0

3.2 通用二进制格式程序包安装
下载:

# axel -n 10 http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.t  ar.gz
# axel -n 10   ar.gz.md5

md5校验

# md5sum  MySQL-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar   > mysql.md5
# diffmysql.md5  mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz.md5

安装依赖

# yum install  -y libaio-devel   安装依赖

编译安装:

# useradd -r mysql
# mkdir/mydata/data
# chown  -R  mysql  /mydata/data
# tar -xvf mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz   -C     /usr/local/
# ln -sv mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64     mysql
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R    mysql:mysql .
#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data
# chown -R    root  .
# cpsupport-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# cp my.cnf  /etc/my.cnf

添加mysql数据目录
datadir=/mydata/data
# chkconfig --addmysqld
# chkconfig --listmysqld
# echo"export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh&& source /etc/profile
# service  mysqld start
Starting MySQL..SUCCESS!
# ln -sv/usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
# echo'/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
# ldconfig -v |grep mysql

通用二进制格式程序包安装布局:



3.3 官方提供的rpm包安装
下载:

# axelhttp://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar.md5
# axel -n 10http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

md5校验

# md5sum  MySQL-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar> mysql.md5
# diff  mysql.md5 MySQL-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar.md5

解档:

# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar  -C mysql5.6.17/
MySQL-test-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

可以以如下命令查看软件包的信息:

# rpm -qpiMySQL-server-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

安装:

# yum localinstall-y MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
# yum -ylocalinstall MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
# yum -ylocalinstall MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

标准安装只需安装:

MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

但是rhel6.5的系统上会默认安装mysql-libs.x86_64，这个包已经废弃,如果在安装MySQL-server之前不安装MySQL-shared-compat,会出现新安装的MySQL-server 和mysql-libs冲突的错误.
注意安装MySQL-server完成时的消息:

A RANDOM PASSWORDHAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
You will find thatpassword in '/root/.mysql_secret'.

You must changethat password on your first connect,
no other statementbut 'SET PASSWORD' will be accepted.
See the manual forthe semantics of the 'password expired' flag.

Also, the accountfor the anonymous user has been removed.

In addition, youcan run:

/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will alsogive you the option of removing the test database.
This is stronglyrecommended for production servers.

See the manual formore instructions.

Please report anyproblems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ 
The latestinformation about MySQL is available on the web at
 http://www.mysql.com 
Support MySQL bybuying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com 
New default configfile was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used bydefault by the server when you start it.
You may edit thisfile to change server settings

查看安装:

# rpm -qa | grepMySQL
MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64
MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.17-1.el6.x86_64

启动脚本:

/etc/init.d/mysql

开机默认启动 ：

# chkconfig --list   mysql
mysql           0:off       1:off       2:on       3:on       4:on       5:on       6:off

启动:

# service mysqlstart
StartingMySQL..... SUCCESS!

官方rpm包安装的安装布局:



4. 总结:
os vendor提供的mysql版本，版本比较低，建议下载安装mysql官方提供的最新GA版安装

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