POJ-2155-Matrix(二维树状数组 & 二维线段树)
2014-05-26 07:36
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Description
Given an N*N matrix A, whose elements are either 0 or 1. A[i, j] means the number in the i-th row and j-th column. Initially we have A[i, j] = 0 (1 <= i, j <= N).
We can change the matrix in the following way. Given a rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2), we change all the elements in the rectangle by using "not" operation (if it is a '0' then change it into '1' otherwise change
it into '0'). To maintain the information of the matrix, you are asked to write a program to receive and execute two kinds of instructions.
1. C x1 y1 x2 y2 (1 <= x1 <= x2 <= n, 1 <= y1 <= y2 <= n) changes the matrix by using the rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2).
2. Q x y (1 <= x, y <= n) querys A[x, y].
Input
The first line of the input is an integer X (X <= 10) representing the number of test cases. The following X blocks each represents a test case.
The first line of each block contains two numbers N and T (2 <= N <= 1000, 1 <= T <= 50000) representing the size of the matrix and the number of the instructions. The following T lines each represents an instruction having the format "Q x y" or "C x1 y1 x2
y2", which has been described above.
Output
For each querying output one line, which has an integer representing A[x, y].
There is a blank line between every two continuous test cases.
Sample Input
Sample Output
二维树状数组解法:用二维树状数组来维护顶点出现的次数,每加入一个矩形,就把四个顶点加进去(注意边界问题,x2,y2要加一)。查询的时候就算出(1,1)到(x,y)的顶点的总数,奇数就为1,偶数就是0。
二维线段树解法:
Given an N*N matrix A, whose elements are either 0 or 1. A[i, j] means the number in the i-th row and j-th column. Initially we have A[i, j] = 0 (1 <= i, j <= N).
We can change the matrix in the following way. Given a rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2), we change all the elements in the rectangle by using "not" operation (if it is a '0' then change it into '1' otherwise change
it into '0'). To maintain the information of the matrix, you are asked to write a program to receive and execute two kinds of instructions.
1. C x1 y1 x2 y2 (1 <= x1 <= x2 <= n, 1 <= y1 <= y2 <= n) changes the matrix by using the rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2).
2. Q x y (1 <= x, y <= n) querys A[x, y].
Input
The first line of the input is an integer X (X <= 10) representing the number of test cases. The following X blocks each represents a test case.
The first line of each block contains two numbers N and T (2 <= N <= 1000, 1 <= T <= 50000) representing the size of the matrix and the number of the instructions. The following T lines each represents an instruction having the format "Q x y" or "C x1 y1 x2
y2", which has been described above.
Output
For each querying output one line, which has an integer representing A[x, y].
There is a blank line between every two continuous test cases.
Sample Input
1 2 10 C 2 1 2 2 Q 2 2 C 2 1 2 1 Q 1 1 C 1 1 2 1 C 1 2 1 2 C 1 1 2 2 Q 1 1 C 1 1 2 1 Q 2 1
Sample Output
1 0 0 1
二维树状数组解法:用二维树状数组来维护顶点出现的次数,每加入一个矩形,就把四个顶点加进去(注意边界问题,x2,y2要加一)。查询的时候就算出(1,1)到(x,y)的顶点的总数,奇数就为1,偶数就是0。
#include <stdio.h> int sum[1005][1005],n,m; int lowbit(int x) { return x&-x; } void update(int x,int y) { for(int i=x;i<=n;i+=lowbit(i)) { for(int j=y;j<=n;j+=lowbit(j)) { sum[i][j]++; } } } int query(int x,int y) { int t=0; for(int i=x;i>0;i-=lowbit(i)) { for(int j=y;j>0;j-=lowbit(j)) { t+=sum[i][j]; } } return t&1; } int main() { int T,i,j,x1,y1,x2,y2; char s[5]; scanf("%d",&T); while(T--) { scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); for(i=1;i<=n;i++) for(j=1;j<=n;j++) sum[i][j]=0; while(m--) { scanf("%s",s); if(s[0]=='C') { scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2); update(x1,y1); update(x1,y2+1); update(x2+1,y2+1); update(x2+1,y1); } else { scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1); printf("%d\n",query(x1,y1)); } } printf("\n"); } }
二维线段树解法:
#include <stdio.h> int n,m; bool node[4000][4000],ans; void buildy(int x,int idx,int s,int e) { if(s!=e) { int mid=(s+e)>>1; buildy(x,idx<<1,s,mid); buildy(x,idx<<1|1,mid+1,e); } node[x][idx]=0; } void build(int idx,int s,int e) { buildy(idx,1,1,n); if(s!=e) { int mid=(s+e)>>1; build(idx<<1,s,mid); build(idx<<1|1,mid+1,e); } } void updatey(int x,int idx,int s,int e,int l,int r) { if(s==l && e==r) { node[x][idx]=!node[x][idx]; return; } int mid=(s+e)>>1; if(r<=mid) updatey(x,idx<<1,s,mid,l,r); else if(l>mid) updatey(x,idx<<1|1,mid+1,e,l,r); else { updatey(x,idx<<1,s,mid,l,mid); updatey(x,idx<<1|1,mid+1,e,mid+1,r); } } void update(int idx,int s,int e,int l,int r,int ly,int ry) { if(s==l && e==r) { updatey(idx,1,1,n,ly,ry); return; } int mid=(s+e)>>1; if(r<=mid) update(idx<<1,s,mid,l,r,ly,ry); else if(l>mid) update(idx<<1|1,mid+1,e,l,r,ly,ry); else { update(idx<<1,s,mid,l,mid,ly,ry); update(idx<<1|1,mid+1,e,mid+1,r,ly,ry); } } void queryy(int x,int idx,int s,int e,int pos) { ans^=node[x][idx]; if(s!=e) { int mid=(s+e)>>1; if(pos<=mid) queryy(x,idx<<1,s,mid,pos); else queryy(x,idx<<1|1,mid+1,e,pos); } } void query(int idx,int s,int e,int pos,int y) { queryy(idx,1,1,n,y); if(s!=e) { int mid=(s+e)>>1; if(pos<=mid) query(idx<<1,s,mid,pos,y); else query(idx<<1|1,mid+1,e,pos,y); } } int main() { int T,a,b,c,d; char s[5]; scanf("%d",&T); while(T--) { scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); build(1,1,n); while(m--) { scanf("%s",s); if(s[0]=='C') { scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&c,&b,&d); update(1,1,n,a,b,c,d); } else { scanf("%d%d",&a,&b); ans=0; query(1,1,n,a,b); printf("%d\n",ans); } } printf("\n"); } }
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