UrlRewrite正则表达式匹配、配置实例和分析

自己对正则表达式不熟悉，所以在配置UrlRewrite的时候遇到了很大的问题，终于在网上找到一些资料，基本上可以解决常用的配置：

urlrewrite.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE urlrewrite SYSTEM "../resources/urlrewrite3.2.dtd" >
<urlrewrite>
<rule>
<note>
无参数匹配
</note>
<from>^/([_a-zA-Z]+[_0-9a-zA-Z-/]*[_0-9a-zA-Z]+)$</from>
<to type="forward">/$1.do</to>

</rule>

<rule>
<note>
将所有.jsp文件映射为.html
</note>
<from>^/([_a-zA-Z]+[_0-9a-zA-Z-/]*[_0-9a-zA-Z]+).html$</from>
<to type="forward">/$1.jsp</to>
</rule>

<!--
<outbound-rule>
<note>
The outbound-rule specifies that when response.encodeURL is called (if you are using JSTL c:url)
the url /rewrite-status will be rewritten to /test/status/.

The above rule and this outbound-rule means that end users should never see the
url /rewrite-status only /test/status/ both in thier location bar and in hyperlinks
in your pages.
</note>
<from>/rewrite-status</from>
<to>/test/status/</to>
</outbound-rule>

EXAMPLES

Redirect one url
<rule>
<from>/some/old/page.html</from>
<to type="redirect">/very/new/page.html</to>
</rule>

Redirect a directory
<rule>
<from>/some/olddir/(.*)</from>
<to type="redirect">/very/newdir/$1</to>
</rule>

Clean a url
<rule>
<from>/products/([0-9]+)</from>
<to>/products/index.jsp?product_id=$1</to>
</rule>
eg, /products/1234 will be passed on to /products/index.jsp?product_id=1234 without the user noticing.

Browser detection
<rule>
<condition name="user-agent">Mozilla/[1-4]</condition>
<from>/some/page.html</from>
<to>/some/page-for-old-browsers.html</to>
</rule>
eg, will pass the request for /some/page.html on to /some/page-for-old-browsers.html only for older
browsers whose user agent srtings match Mozilla/1, Mozilla/2, Mozilla/3 or Mozilla/4.

Centralised browser detection
<rule>
<condition name="user-agent">Mozilla/[1-4]</condition>
<set type="request" name="browser">moz</set>
</rule>
eg, all requests will be checked against the condition and if matched
request.setAttribute("browser", "moz") will be called.

-->

</urlrewrite>

<rule>
<note>homepage   blog username like http://blog.csdn.net/pigo</note> <from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/?$</from>
<to>/user/main.jsp?username=$1 </to>
</rule>
<rule>
<note>homepage   blog username like http://blog.csdn.net/pigo/rss.xml </note>
<from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/rss.xml $</from>
<to>/user/rss.jsp?username=$1 </to>
</rule>
<rule>
<note> blog catgory   http://blog.csdn.net/pigo/category/42406.html</note> <from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/category/([a-zA-Z0- 9 ]+).html</from>
<to>/user/cat.jsp?username=$1 &catno=$ 2 </to>
</rule>
<rule>
<note> blog catgory rss http://blog.csdn.net/pigo/category/42406.xml </note>
<from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/category/([a-zA-Z0- 9 ]+).xml </from>
<to>/user/catrss.jsp?username=$1 &catno=$ 2 </to>
</rule>
<rule>
<note> blog photo catgory   http://blog.csdn.net/pigo/photo/42406.html</note> <from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/photo/([a-zA-Z0- 9 ]+).html</from>
<to>/user/photo.jsp?username=$1 &catno=$ 2 </to>
</rule>
<rule>
<note>blog issue http://blog.csdn.net/pigo/archive/2006/03/23/783904.html</note> <from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/archive/([ 0 - 9 ]+)/([ 0 - 9 ]+)/([ 0 - 9 ]+)/([a-zA-Z0- 9 ]+).html</from>
<to>/user/issue.jsp?username=$1 &blogno=$ 5 </to>
</rule>
<rule>
<note>blogarchive by month http://blog.csdn.net/pigo/archive/2005/08.html </note>
<from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/archive/([ 0 - 9 ]+)/([ 0 - 9 ]+).html</from>
<to>/user/archivelist.jsp?username=$1 &year=$ 2 &month=$ 3 </to>
</rule>
<rule>
<note>blogapi by user http://blog.csdn.net/pigo/blogapi.html </note>
<from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/blogapi.html</from>
<to>/blogapi/?username=$1 </to>
</rule>
<rule>
<note>blogadmin by user http://blog.csdn.net/pigo/blogadmin.html </note>
<from>/u/([a-zA-Z0-9 ]+)/blogadmin.html</from>
<to>/admin/index.jsp?username=$1 </to>
</rule>

^[A-Za-z]+$　//匹配由26个英文字母组成的字符串

^[A-Z]+$　//匹配由26个英文字母的大写组成的字符串

^[a-z]+$　//匹配由26个英文字母的小写组成的字符串

^[A-Za-z0-9]+$　//匹配由数字和26个英文字母组成的字符串

^/w+$　//匹配由数字、26个英文字母或者下划线组成的字符串

实际上在ISAPI Rewrite中使用最多的两个正则表达式就是代表匹配字幕和数字的([a-z0-9/_]+)以及代表数字的([0-9]+)，只要灵活的掌握这两点，并且按照上面的公式去套用的话，正则表达式并不是一件难办的事。