Python 3中套接字编程中遇到TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface的解决办法

目前正在学习python，使用的工具为python3.2.3。发现3x版本和2x版本有些差异，在套接字编程时，困扰了我很久，先将python核心编程书中的例子

代码如下:

服务器端:

[python] view plaincopyprint?
# Echo server program  
from socket import *  
from time import ctime  
  
HOST = ''                 # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces  
PORT = 50007              # Arbitrary non-privileged port  
BUFSIZE = 1024  
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)  
  
tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)  
tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)  
tcpSerSock.listen(5)  
  
while True:  
    print('waiting for connection...')  
    tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()  
    print('...connected from:', addr)  
  
    while True:  
        data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)  
        if not data:  
            break  
        tcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)))  
  
        tcpCliSock.close()  
tcpSerSock.close()  

客户端

[python] view plaincopyprint?

# Echo client program  

from socket import*  

  

HOST = '127.0.0.1'  

PORT = 50007              # The same port as used by the server  

BUFSIZE = 1024  

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)  

  

tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)  

tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)  

while True:  

    data = input('> ')  

    if not data:  

        break  

    tcpCliSock.send(data)  

    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)  

    if not data:  

        break  

    print(data)  

      

tcpCliSock.close()  

报错：

   TypeError:'str' does not support the buffer interface

找问题找了好久，在StackOverflow上发现有人也出现同样的问题，并一个叫Scharron的人提出了解答：

In python 3, bytes strings and unicodestrings are now two different types. Since sockets are not aware of string encodings, they are using raw bytes strings, that have a slightly differentinterface from unicode strings.

So, now, whenever you have a unicode stringthat you need to use as a byte string, you need toencode() it. And whenyou have a byte string, you need to decode it to use it as a regular(python 2.x) string.

Unicode strings are quotes enclosedstrings. Bytes strings are b"" enclosed strings

 

When you use client_socket.send(data),replace it by client_socket.send(data.encode()). When you get datausing data = client_socket.recv(512), replace it by data =client_socket.recv(512).decode()

 

同时我看了一下python帮助文档：

Codec.encode(input[, errors])

Encodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Encoding converts a string object to abytes object using a particular character set encoding

 

Codec.decode(input[, errors])

Decodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Decoding converts a bytes objectencoded using a particular character set encoding to a string object.

input must be a bytes object or one whichprovides the read-only character buffer interface – for example, buffer objectsand memory mapped files.

 

套接字的成员函数send

socket.send(bytes[, flags]) 形参为字节类型

socket.recv(bufsize[, flags]) Receive datafrom the socket. The return value is abytes object representing the data received.

 所以修正后代码如下：

服务器端：

[python] view plaincopyprint?在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

# Echo server program  

from socket import *  

from time import ctime  

  

HOST = ''                 # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces  

PORT = 50007              # Arbitrary non-privileged port  

BUFSIZE = 1024  

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)  

  

tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)  

tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)  

tcpSerSock.listen(5)  

  

while True:  

    print('waiting for connection...')  

    tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()  

    print('...connected from:', addr)  

  

    while True:  

        data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()  

        if not data:  

            break  

        tcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)).encode())  

  

        tcpCliSock.close()  

tcpSerSock.close()  

客服端

[python] view plaincopyprint?在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

# Echo client program  

from socket import*  

  

HOST = '127.0.0.1'  

PORT = 50007              # The same port as used by the server  

BUFSIZE = 1024  

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)  

  

tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)  

tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)  

while True:  

    data = input('> ')  

    if not data:  

        break  

    tcpCliSock.send(data.encode())  

    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()  

    if not data:  

        break  

    print(data)  

      

tcpCliSock.close()  

运行结果: 达到预期

在使用这些函数时想当然去用，没有去查找帮助文档，没有弄清楚传参类型，可能是一个例题，没有注意这些，但是得吸取教训。

同样的在udp的情况下：修正过的

服务器端:

[python] view plaincopyprint?在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

from socket import *  

from time import ctime  

  

HOST = '';  

PORT = 21546  

BUFSIZE = 1024  

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)  

  

udpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)  

udpSerSock.bind(ADDR)  

  

while True:  

    print('waiting for message...')  

    data, addr = udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)  

    udpSerSock.sendto(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data.decode())).encode(), addr)  

    print('...received from and returned to:', addr)  

  

udpSerSock.close()  

客户端:

[python] view plaincopyprint?在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

from socket import *  

  

HOST = 'localhost'  

PORT = 21567  

BUFSIZE = 1024  

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)  

  

while True:  

    tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)  

    tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)  

    data = input('> ')  

    if not data:  

        break  

    tcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' % data).encode())  

    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()  

    if not data:  

        break  

    print(data.strip())  

tcpCliSock.close()  

使用socketserver模块:

服务器端：

[python] view plaincopyprint?在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

#TsTservss.py  

from socketserver import TCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRH  

from time import ctime  

  

  

HOST = ''  

PORT = 21567  

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)  

  

class MyRequestHandler(SRH):  

    def handle(self):  

        print('...connected from:', self.client_address)  

        self.wfile.write(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), self.rfile.readline().decode())).encode())  

  

tcpServ = TCP(ADDR, MyRequestHandler)  

print('waiting for connection...')  

tcpServ.serve_forever()  

客户端：

[python] view plaincopyprint?在CODE上查看代码片派生到我的代码片

from socket import *  

  

HOST = 'localhost'  

PORT = 21567  

BUFSIZE = 1024  

ADDR = (HOST, PORT)  

  

while True:  

    tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)  

    tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)  

    data = input('> ')  

    if not data:  

        break  

    tcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' % data).encode())  

    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()  

    if not data:  

        break  

    print(data.strip())  

tcpCliSock.close()