LVM管理体系（一）创建含有两个物理分区的逻辑卷（操作步骤）

一、安装LVM包

[root@desktop61 /]# yum -y install system-config-lvm

Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager

Updating certificate-based repositories.

Unable to read consumer identity

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package system-config-lvm.noarch 0:1.1.12-12.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================

Installing:

system-config-lvm noarch 1.1.12-12.el6 base 464 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install 1 Package(s)

Total download size: 464 k

Installed size: 3.1 M

Downloading Packages:

system-config-lvm-1.1.12-12.el6.noarch.rpm | 464 kB 00:00

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY

Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

Importing GPG key 0xFD431D51:

Userid : Red Hat, Inc. (release key 2) <security@redhat.com>

Package: redhat-release-server-6Server-6.3.0.3.el6.x86_64 (@anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201206132210.x86_64/6.3)

From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

Importing GPG key 0x2FA658E0:

Userid : Red Hat, Inc. (auxiliary key) <security@redhat.com>

Package: redhat-release-server-6Server-6.3.0.3.el6.x86_64 (@anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201206132210.x86_64/6.3)

From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Installing : system-config-lvm-1.1.12-12.el6.noarch 1/1

base/productid | 1.7 kB 00:00

Installed products updated.

Verifying : system-config-lvm-1.1.12-12.el6.noarch 1/1

Installed:

system-config-lvm.noarch 0:1.1.12-12.el6

Complete!

二、删除扩展分区sdb1 sdc1

[root@desktop61 /]# fdisk -cul

Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000471ad

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 2048 526335 262144 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 526336 57870335 28672000 8e Linux LVM

/dev/sda3 57870336 58918911 524288 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

213 heads, 34 sectors/track, 5791 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x6f5e3a19

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 2048 41943039 20970496 5 Extended

/dev/sdb5 4096 20975615 10485760 83 Linux

/dev/sdb6 20977664 41943039 10482688 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

139 heads, 49 sectors/track, 6158 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x740491c5

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc2 2048 20973567 10485760 5 Extended

/dev/sdc5 4096 10489855 5242880 83 Linux

/dev/sdc6 10491904 20973566 5240831+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/vol0-root: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders, total 16777216 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vol0-home: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65 cylinders, total 1048576 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/vol0-vserver: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders, total 12582912 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x0005f35c

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/mapper/vol0-vserverp1 * 2048 526335 262144 83 Linux

/dev/mapper/vol0-vserverp2 526336 9914367 4694016 8e Linux LVM

[root@desktop61 /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vol0-root

7.9G 2.9G 4.6G 39% /

tmpfs 1.9G 272K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 248M 70M 166M 30% /boot

/dev/mapper/vol0-home

504M 17M 462M 4% /home

/dev/sdb5 9.9G 151M 9.2G 2% /tmp/sdb5

/dev/sdb6 9.9G 151M 9.2G 2% /tmp/sdb6

/dev/sdc5 5.0G 138M 4.6G 3% /mnt/sdc5

/dev/sdc6 5.0G 138M 4.6G 3% /mnt/sdc6

[root@desktop61 /]# fdisk -cu /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): d

Partition number (1-6): sdb1

Partition number (1-6): 1

Command (m for help): d

No partition is defined yet!

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

213 heads, 34 sectors/track, 5791 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x6f5e3a19

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

Syncing disks.

[root@desktop61 /]# fdisk -cul /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x6f5e3a19

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

[root@desktop61 /]# fdisk -cul /dev/sdc

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

139 heads, 49 sectors/track, 6158 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x740491c5

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc2 2048 20973567 10485760 5 Extended

/dev/sdc5 4096 10489855 5242880 83 Linux

/dev/sdc6 10491904 20973566 5240831+ 83 Linux

[root@desktop61 /]# fdisk -cu /dev/sdc

Command (m for help): d

Partition number (1-6): 5

Command (m for help): d

Partition number (1-5): 6

Value out of range.

Partition number (1-5): 2

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

139 heads, 49 sectors/track, 6158 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x740491c5

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

Syncing disks.

三、创建物理分区

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# fdisk -cul /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

213 heads, 34 sectors/track, 5791 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x6f5e3a19

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 2048 41943039 20970496 83 Linux

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# fdisk -cul /dev/sdc

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

213 heads, 34 sectors/track, 5791 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x740491c5

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 2048 41943039 20970496 83 Linux

[root@desktop61 Desktop]#

四、指定物理分区的文件系统为逻辑卷

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# fdisk -cul /dev/sdc

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

213 heads, 34 sectors/track, 5791 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x740491c5

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 2048 41943039 20970496 83 Linux

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# fdisk -cu /dev/sdc

Command (m for help): t

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# fdisk -cu /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): t

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

看一看现在所有的文件系统类型：

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# fdisk -cu /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): l

0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris

1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx

5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data

6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .

7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility

8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt

9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access

a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O

b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor

c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs

e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT

f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/

10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b

11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor

12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor

14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary

16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS

17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE

18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto

1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep

1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT

1e Hidden W95 FAT1

Command (m for help): q

五、创建物理卷

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1

Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1"

Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdc1"

Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# pvdisplay

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sda2

VG Name vol0

PV Size 27.34 GiB / not usable 32.00 MiB

Allocatable yes

PE Size 32.00 MiB

Total PE 874

Free PE 410

Allocated PE 464

PV UUID vHvm6g-JICC-V0pf-51JL-nhZt-4S6t-bj6tFT

"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "20.00 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sdb1

VG Name

PV Size 20.00 GiB

Allocatable NO

PE Size 0

Total PE 0

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 0

PV UUID lXoJRr-Nczo-ueRE-u1Cf-8NNj-3yrz-ghjs7O

"/dev/sdc1" is a new physical volume of "20.00 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sdc1

VG Name

PV Size 20.00 GiB

Allocatable NO

PE Size 0

Total PE 0

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 0

PV UUID 7tes3N-bxgo-U559-1XUj-pOaD-Ag9S-zEQrpR

六、创建卷组

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# vgcreate testvg /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1

Volume group "testvg" successfully created

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name testvg

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 2

Metadata Sequence No 1

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 0

Open LV 0

Max PV 0

Cur PV 2

Act PV 2

VG Size 39.99 GiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 10238

Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0

Free PE / Size 10238 / 39.99 GiB

VG UUID rjSYSa-k5gY-hbfv-9HTs-5gAM-P1VG-ls3FJn

--- Volume group ---

VG Name vol0

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 1

Metadata Sequence No 4

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 3

Open LV 3

Max PV 0

Cur PV 1

Act PV 1

VG Size 27.31 GiB

PE Size 32.00 MiB

Total PE 874

Alloc PE / Size 464 / 14.50 GiB

Free PE / Size 410 / 12.81 GiB

VG UUID ADouyf-IgCq-zS55-gejn-DBS8-p6Bb-VrdJOL

七、创建逻辑卷

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# lvcreate -L 20G -n test-lv1 testvg

Logical volume "test-lv1" created

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/testvg/test-lv1

LV Name test-lv1

VG Name testvg

LV UUID f5b1oN-rIb7-GRbO-xPsp-Iwjf-5m0t-KMPu2a

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time desktop61.example.com, 2014-04-13 11:43:31 +0800

LV Status available

# open 0

LV Size 20.00 GiB

Current LE 5120

Segments 2

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:3

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/vol0/root

LV Name root

VG Name vol0

LV UUID C3CZi7-Cc6G-ZuPP-Fajm-NQha-MALa-uu60KW

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time desktop61.example.com, 2014-04-11 00:49:15 +0800

LV Status available

# open 1

LV Size 8.00 GiB

Current LE 256

Segments 1

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:0

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/vol0/home

LV Name home

VG Name vol0

LV UUID EtK0Mn-V8zP-d8tS-Ea57-12a2-H4IJ-KooSTc

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time desktop61.example.com, 2014-04-11 00:49:17 +0800

LV Status available

# open 1

LV Size 512.00 MiB

Current LE 16

Segments 1

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:1

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/vol0/vserver

LV Name vserver

VG Name vol0

LV UUID PcKVc0-ehnd-Bjao-fmER-jUS5-bPKw-4dRg5e

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time desktop61.example.com, 2014-04-10 16:55:48 +0800

LV Status available

# open 1

LV Size 6.00 GiB

Current LE 192

Segments 1

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:2

把、查询逻辑卷相关文件

[root@desktop61 Desktop]# cd /dev

[root@desktop61 dev]# ls -a testvg

. .. test-lv1

[root@desktop61 dev]# ll -a testvg

total 0

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 60 Apr 13 11:43 .

drwxr-xr-x. 20 root root 4080 Apr 13 11:43 ..

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Apr 13 11:43 test-lv1 -> ../dm-3

[root@desktop61 dev]# cd testvg/

[root@desktop61 testvg]# ll -a test-lv1

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Apr 13 11:43 test-lv1 -> ../dm-3

[root@desktop61 testvg]# cd ..

[root@desktop61 dev]# cd mapper/

[root@desktop61 mapper]# ll -a testvg-test--lv1

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Apr 13 11:43 testvg-test--lv1 -> ../dm-3

九、格式化逻辑卷

[root@desktop61 mapper]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/testvg/test-lv1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

1310720 inodes, 5242880 blocks

262144 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

160 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

十、手工挂载逻辑卷

[root@desktop61 mapper]# blkid /dev/testvg/test-lv1

/dev/testvg/test-lv1: UUID="dfa6e086-e5be-4856-9e8d-9565d52b82e6" TYPE="ext4"

[root@desktop61 mapper]# vim /etc/fstab

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Fri Apr 11 00:49:26 2014

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

#

/dev/mapper/vol0-root / ext4 defaults 1 1

UUID=9353a628-e49f-4675-abf4-b0fe76b38fbc /boot ext4 defaults 1 2

/dev/mapper/vol0-home /home ext4 defaults 1 2

UUID=f3d4a81c-f2d6-48d8-be1a-35647cd74615 swap swap defaults 0 0

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

UUID=dfa6e086-e5be-4856-9e8d-9565d52b82e6 /mnt/test-lv1 ext4 defaults 0 0 ---------------------->插入并保存退出

十一、创建挂载目录

[root@desktop61 mapper]# cd /mnt/

[root@desktop61 mnt]# mkdir test-lv1

[root@desktop61 mnt]# mount -a

[root@desktop61 mnt]# mount

/dev/mapper/vol0-root on / type ext4 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")

/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)

/dev/mapper/vol0-home on /home type ext4 (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)

vmware-vmblock on /var/run/vmblock-fuse type fuse.vmware-vmblock (rw,nosuid,nodev,default_permissions,allow_other)

sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)

gvfs-fuse-daemon on /root/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev)

/dev/mapper/testvg-test--lv1 on /mnt/test-lv1 type ext4 (rw)

[root@desktop61 mnt]#