在Android应用中添加修改主题功能

1. 内容

娱乐性质的APP如果有修改主题的功能，会给这款APP增色不少。关于Android APP当中，做主题工作相关工作比较好的，要属腾讯QQ了。本文将对APP修改主题做简要分析实现。

2. 实现步骤说明

2.1 setTheme方法的调用

Android当中修改主题主要使用setTheme()方法实现，Android API中，对setTheme()方法的说明如下：

public void setTheme (int resid)

Added in API level 1

Set the base theme for this context. Note that this should be called before any views are instantiated in the Context (for example before calling

setContentView(View)

or

inflate(int,
ViewGroup)

).

Parameters

resid	The style resource describing the theme.

API对setTheme的说明中有一点需要注意，即

“Note that this should be called before any views are instantiated in the Context (for example before calling setContentView(View) or inflate(int, ViewGroup)).”

setTheme(int)方法需要在调用setContentView(View)或者inflate(int, ViewGroup)初始化View之前调用才有效。因此，我们需要在Activity的onCreate方法中，同时在setContentView(View)方法之前调用setTheme(int)方法。而根据Activity的生命周期，我们可以知道，onCreate方法在Activity生命周期当中只调用一次，如果我们需要调用setTheme(int)方法修改Activity的主题，就必须尝试从新调用onCreate方法，重新调用onCreate方法的有一下两种方式：

显示调用Activity的finish()方法结束Activity，然后调用startActivity打开Activity。
设置Intent的标志为FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP，startActivity重新开启一个Activity。

方法1由于出现了Activity的显示关闭和开启，切换过程中会出现瞬间的黑屏。而方法2没有显示调用finish方法，主题切换过程不会出现黑屏的现象，推荐使用。

2.2 自定义属性与其调用

修改View中不同组件的颜色时，可使用两种方式，

复写Android当中原生的属性，如

<item name="android:windowBackground">@color/bgcolor</item>

这种方式，对于不同的样式，对android:windowBackground赋予不同的值即可。
自定义属性，对于不同的样式，对同一属性赋予不同的值。

自定义属性的方式如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<!-- View styles -->
<attr name="pageBackground" format="reference" />
<attr name="pagePaddingLayout" format="reference" />
<attr name="textTitle" format="reference" />
<attr name="textTitleHidden" format="reference" />
<attr name="textSubheader" format="reference" />
<attr name="textLarge" format="reference" />
<attr name="textRegular" format="reference" />
<attr name="textCheckBox" format="reference" />
<attr name="textCurrentActivityGreen" format="reference" />
<attr name="whiteBackground" format="reference" />
<attr name="button" format="reference" />
<attr name="list" format="reference" />
<attr name="listItem" format="reference" />
<attr name="listDivider" format="reference" />
<attr name="editText" format="reference"/>
<attr name="background" format="reference" />

<!-- Attributes -->
<attr name="pageMargin" format="reference|dimension" />
<attr name="contentLeftMargin" format="reference|dimension" />

</resources>

对于不同属性所对应的值的定义如白色属性定义如下：

<style name="Theme.White">
<item name="pageBackground">@style/page_background_wh</item>
<item name="pagePaddingLayout">@style/page_padding_layout_wh</item>
<item name="textTitle">@style/text_title_wh</item>
<item name="textTitleHidden">@style/text_title_hidden_wh</item>
<item name="textSubheader">@style/text_subheader_wh</item>
<item name="textLarge">@style/text_large_wh</item>
<item name="textRegular">@style/text_regular_wh</item>
<item name="textCheckBox">@style/text_check_box_wh</item>
<item name="textCurrentActivityGreen">@style/text_current_activity_green_wh</item>
<item name="whiteBackground">@style/white_background_wh</item>
<item name="button">@style/button_wh</item>
<item name="list">@style/list_wh</item>
<item name="listItem">@style/list_item_wh</item>
<item name="listDivider">@style/list_divider_wh</item>
<item name="pageMargin">@dimen/page_margin_wh</item>
<item name="background">@drawable/background1</item>
</style>

蓝色定义如下：

<style name="Theme.Blue">
<item name="pageBackground">@style/page_background_bl</item>
<item name="pagePaddingLayout">@style/page_padding_layout_bl</item>
<item name="textTitle">@style/text_title_bl</item>
<item name="textTitleHidden">@style/text_title_hidden_bl</item>
<item name="textSubheader">@style/text_subheader_bl</item>
<item name="textLarge">@style/text_large_bl</item>
<item name="textRegular">@style/text_regular_bl</item>
<item name="textCheckBox">@style/text_regular_bl</item>
<item name="whiteBackground">@style/white_background_bl</item>
<item name="button">@style/button_bl</item>
<item name="list">@style/list_bl</item>
<item name="listItem">@style/list_item_bl</item>
<item name="listDivider">@style/list_divider_bl</item>
<item name="pageMargin">@dimen/page_margin_bl</item>
<item name="background">@drawable/background2</item>
</style>

自定义属性的调用方式如下：

<ScrollView
android:background="?background"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="0px"
android:layout_weight="1" >
</ScrollView>

其中？代表引用主题属性。这样，对于不同的样式，ScrollView的背景图片显示便不同了，Theme.White样式时显示为@drawable/background1，而Theme.Blue显示为@drawable/background2。

2.3 步骤说明

编辑自定义属性。
对不同样式所对应的自定义属性值进行赋值操作。
对用户选定的style保存到SharePreference当中。
读取SharePreference当中用户选定样式，调用setTheme方法。

3. 更换样式APP效果图

3. 应用程序下载地址

应用程序下载地址

4. QQ修改主题的实现

QQ修改主题的实现也采用了类似的方式，反编译AndroidQQ客户端查看其源码，从ThemeDownloadAndSetActivity类中可知QQ下载主题的界面是一个Web页面其地址为：&client=[client]&version=[version]&sid=[sid]&platformId=[platformId]&device=[device]&system=[system]&density=[density]&adTag=mvip.gongneng.android.theme.index_dynamic_tab&updateFlag=[updateFlag]&_bid=123%22]http://mobile.biaoqing.qq.com/business/theme/html/index.html?uin=[uin]&client=[client]&version=[version]&sid=[sid]&platformId=[platformId]&device=[device]&system=[system]&density=[density]&adTag=mvip.gongneng.android.theme.index_dynamic_tab&updateFlag=[updateFlag]&_bid=123%22，其使用ThemeJsHandler类对主题进行了下载操作。下载地址如“白色简约”主题地址为http://dl.url.cn/msoft/mobileQQ_theme/theme_package_android/ios7-theme.1.0.3.zip，主题下载下来之后，使用SkinEngine对主题进行处理，更换APP主题。
其中，styles.xml文件中定义了theme_skin_default如下：

<style name="theme_skin_default" parent="@style/qzone_theme_customerTitle">
<item name="android:textColorPrimary">@color/red</item>
<item name="android:textColorSecondary">@color/qzone_white</item>
<item name="android:textColorTertiary">@color/gray</item>
<item name="audio_select_top_background">@style/audio_select_top_background_style_default</item>
<item name="audio_select_click_background">@style/audio_select_click_background_style_default</item>
<item name="text_nick_name">@style/text_nick_name_default</item>
<item name="text_tab_name">@style/text_tab_name_default</item>
<item name="text_audio_select_name">@style/text_audio_select_name_default</item>
<item name="text_audio_to">@style/text_audio_to_default</item>
<item name="text_title">@style/text_title_default</item>
<item name="text_qq_accept">@style/text_qq_accept_default</item>
<item name="text_qq_ignore">@style/text_qq_ignore_default</item>
<item name="text_qq_batch_all">@style/text_qq_batch_all_default</item>
<item name="text_qq_http_cancel">@style/text_qq_http_cancel_default</item>
<item name="text_qq_http_refresh">@style/text_qq_http_refresh_default</item>
<item name="text_personinfo">@style/text_personinfo_default</item>
<item name="text_content">@style/text_content_default</item>
<item name="text_time">@style/text_time_default</item>
<item name="text_time_in_tab">@style/text_time_in_tab_default</item>
<item name="text_uploading">@style/text_uploading_default</item>
<item name="text_reply">@style/text_reply_default</item>
<item name="no_app_short">@style/no_app_short_default</item>
<item name="text_summary">@style/text_summary_default</item>
<item name="text_home_tab_highlight">@style/text_home_tab_highlight_default</item>
<item name="button_bg">@style/button_bg_default</item>
<item name="button_bg_sign">@style/button_bg_sign_default</item>
<item name="button_bg_shortedit">@style/button_bg_shortedit_default</item>
<item name="button_text">@style/button_text_default</item>
<item name="list_bg">@style/list_bg_default</item>
<item name="next_step_bg">@style/next_step_bg_default</item>
<item name="item_uploading_bg">@style/item_uploading_bg_default</item>
<item name="item_uploading_now_bg">@style/item_uploading_now_bg_default</item>
<item name="list_item_bg">@style/list_item_bg_default</item>
<item name="edit_style">@style/edit_style_default</item>
<item name="text_comment">@style/text_comment_default</item>
<item name="tab_selection_bg">@style/tab_selection_bg_default</item>
<item name="feed_header_bg">@style/feed_header_bg_default</item>
<item name="feed_header_content">@style/feed_header_content_default</item>
<item name="feed_header_time">@style/feed_header_time_default</item>
<item name="comment_header">@style/comment_header_default</item>
<item name="list_bg_divider">@style/list_bg_divider_default</item>
<item name="friendlist_bg_divider">@style/friendlist_bg_divider_default</item>
<item name="list_divider">@style/list_divider_default</item>
<item name="img_divider">@style/img_divider_default</item>
<item name="write_footer">@style/write_footer_default</item>
<item name="text_list_bg">@style/text_list_bg_default</item>
<item name="text_list">@style/text_list_default</item>
<item name="customCheckBox">@style/customCheckBox_default</item>
<item name="text_nettraffic_title">@style/text_nettraffic_title_default</item>
<item name="bg_nettraffic_title">@style/bg_nettraffic_title_default</item>
<item name="text_nettraffic_content">@style/text_nettraffic_content_default</item>
<item name="bg_base_nettraffic">@style/bg_base_nettraffic_default</item>
<item name="write_btn_textColor">@style/write_btn_textColor_default</item>
<item name="reply_btn_textColor">@style/reply_btn_textColor_default</item>
<item name="write_antline">@style/write_antline_default</item>
<item name="tabbar_bg">@style/tabbar_bg_default</item>
<item name="progress_drawable">@style/progress_drawable_default</item>
<item name="scrollbar_drawable">@style/scroll_bar_default</item>
<item name="reply_edit_box">@style/reply_edit_box_default</item>
<item name="imput_bottom_style">@style/imput_bottom_style_default</item>
<item name="app_titlebar_text">@style/app_titlebar_text_default</item>
<item name="checkin_line_color">@style/checkin_line_color_default</item>
<item name="checkin_line_up_select_color">@style/checkin_line_up_select_color_default</item>
<item name="checkin_line_up_unselect_color">@style/checkin_line_up_unselect_color_default</item>
<item name="checkin_line_down_color">@style/checkin_line_down_color_default</item>
<item name="myfeed_entry_bg">@style/d_button_entry_bg_default</item>
<item name="recordgift_background">@style/recordgift_background_style_default</item>
<item name="batch_loadup_button_bg">@style/batch_loadup_button_bg_default</item>
<item name="bubble_bg_color">#ff88cbf9</item>
<item name="text_more_color">#ff404040</item>
<item name="mini_cert_text_color">#ffaaaaaa</item>
<item name="checkin_title_select_bg_color">#fff4f4f4</item>
<item name="checkin_title_unselect_bg_color">#ffe9f5fc</item>
<item name="checkin_title_select_text_color">#ff000000</item>
<item name="checkin_title_unselect_text_color">#ff3b8ed4</item>
<item name="tips_bg_color">#ffffffff</item>
<item name="colorimage_speech_searchfriend_virtualframe">#ffb9d6e7</item>
<item name="colorimage_tab_color">#ff6dbaf7</item>
<item name="colorimage_white_tab_color">#ffffffff</item>
<item name="colorimage_bg_color">#ffffffff</item>
<item name="colorimage_feed_down_up">#ff3789cb</item>
<item name="colorimage_bg_color_for_watermark">#ffffffff</item>
<item name="colorimage_indicator_bg_color">#ffcdcdcd</item>
<item name="colorimage_srcover_bg_color">#00ffffff</item>
<item name="colorimage_write_bg_color">#ff757575</item>
<item name="colorimage_write_sign_color">#ff88cbf9</item>
<item name="upload_button_cancel">#ffb5d8ee</item>
<item name="slide_view_dot">@style/slide_view_dot_default</item>
<item name="colorimage_uploading_bg_color">#ff000000</item>
<item name="colorimage_right_arrow">#ff9ac9e5</item>
<item name="colorlinear_bg_color">#ffe6ecef</item>
<item name="colorbutton_bg_color">#ffffffff</item>
<item name="colorbutton_disable_select_color">#ff86c7f4</item>
<item name="colorbutton_text_disable_select_color">#ffbfe5ff</item>
<item name="colorbutton_write_bg_color">#ff52aae7</item>
<item name="colorbutton_reply_bg_color">#ffffffff</item>
<item name="mini_music_bg_color">#ff9acdf5</item>
<item name="mini_music_bg_color_press">#ffffffff</item>
<item name="add_msg_bg_color">#ffd2e1ed</item>
<item name="add_msg_bg_color_press">#ff9cd3fe</item>
<item name="selected_del_bg_color">#ffcee0ee</item>
<item name="selected_del_bg_color_press">#ff85b9e3</item>
<item name="selected_listgo_bg_color">#ff85b9e3</item>
</style>

其中有大量的自定义属性。下载来的主题当中，含有最这些自定义属性的具体实现。