mysql字符集查询与设置详解

说到底mysql 乱码的根源是的 mysql 字符集设置不当的问题。

有关查看 mysql 字符集的命令。

包括查看 mysql 数据库服务器字符集、查看 mysql 数据库字符集，以及数据表和字段的字符集、当前安装的 mysql 所支持的字符集等。

一、查看 mysql 数据库服务器和数据库字符集。

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------

| variable_name | value |......

+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------

| character_set_client | utf8 |...... -- 客户端字符集

| character_set_connection | utf8 |......

| character_set_database | utf8 |...... -- 数据库字符集

| character_set_filesystem | binary |......

| character_set_results | utf8 |...... www.jbxue.com

| character_set_server | utf8 |...... -- 服务器字符集

| character_set_system | utf8 |......

| character_sets_dir | d:\mysql server 5.0\share\charsets\ |......

+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------

二、查看 mysql 数据表（table） 的字符集。

mysql> show table status from sqlstudy_db like '%countries%';

+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------

| name | engine | version | row_format | rows | collation |......

+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------

| countries | innodb | 10 | compact | 11 | utf8_general_ci |......

+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------

三、查看 mysql 数据列（column）的字符集。

mysql> show full columns from countries;

+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------

| field | type | collation | .......

+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------

| countries_id | int(11) | null | .......

| countries_name | varchar(64) | utf8_general_ci | .......

| countries_iso_code_2 | char(2) | utf8_general_ci | .......

| countries_iso_code_3 | char(3) | utf8_general_ci | .......

| address_format_id | int(11) | null | .......

+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------

mysql字符集查看与设置详解
Mysql字符集设置详解
有关mysql字符集设定的知识总结
(图文)mysql字符集设置详解

四、查看当前安装的 mysql 所支持的字符集。

mysql> show charset;

mysql> show char set;

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

| charset | description | default collation | maxlen |

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

| big5 | big5 traditional chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |

| dec8 | dec west european | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |

| cp850 | dos west european | cp850_general_ci | 1 |

| hp8 | hp west european | hp8_english_ci | 1 |

| koi8r | koi8-r relcom russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 |

| latin1 | cp1252 west european | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 |

| latin2 | iso 8859-2 central european | latin2_general_ci | 1 |

| swe7 | 7bit swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 |

| ascii | us ascii | ascii_general_ci | 1 |

| ujis | euc-jp japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 |

| sjis | shift-jis japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 |

| hebrew | iso 8859-8 hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 |

| tis620 | tis620 thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 |

| euckr | euc-kr korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 |

| koi8u | koi8-u ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 |

| gb2312 | gb2312 simplified chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 |

| greek | iso 8859-7 greek | greek_general_ci | 1 |

| cp1250 | windows central european | cp1250_general_ci | 1 |

| gbk | gbk simplified chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |

| latin5 | iso 8859-9 turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 |

| armscii8 | armscii-8 armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 |

| utf8 | utf-8 unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |

| ucs2 | ucs-2 unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 |

| cp866 | dos russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 |

| keybcs2 | dos kamenicky czech-slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 |

| macce | mac central european | macce_general_ci | 1 |

| macroman | mac west european | macroman_general_ci | 1 |

| cp852 | dos central european | cp852_general_ci | 1 |

| latin7 | iso 8859-13 baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 |

| cp1251 | windows cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 |

| cp1256 | windows arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 |

| cp1257 | windows baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 |

| binary | binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 |

| geostd8 | geostd8 georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 |

| cp932 | sjis for windows japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 |

| eucjpms | ujis for windows japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

以上查看 mysql 字符集命令，适用于 windows & linux。