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SSH2框架搭建和配置文件详解

2014-02-28 19:51 246 查看

-----------补充说明-----------

文章中所列出的struts2的2.2jar包已经不是最新的了，这个版本有严重漏洞，

现在最新版本为2.3.15，所以。你懂的 http://struts.apache.org/download.cgi#struts23151
感谢网友提醒，现在不做ssh2的开发了，所以也忘了更新这篇文章，误导大家了，抱歉！

SSH框架，当今最为流行的项目开发框架组合，那么掌握他的第一步是学习如何配置环境，java Web开发的无论哪种框架都离不开各种xml配置，虽然说配置在网上到处都有，但是要成为合格的程序猿，必须要明白配置中每一部分的意义，分析它的规律，因此这一步至关重要。

SSH分为SSH1和SSH2，区别主要在于Struts的版本，即Struts1和Struts2，Struts1与Struts2在配置上有所差别，

这回主要为大家介绍的是基于Struts2的SSH2框架搭建。

我们在搭建框架之前，首先一定要注意各个框架的版本，不同的版本集成方式和所需的jar包是有区别的。

SSH2框架的版本为：struts-2.2.3 + spring-2.5.6 + hibernate-3.6.8

1. 所需jar包:猛击下载免费jar包资源

struts2：

struts2-core-2.2.3.jar

struts2-spring-plugin-2.2.3.jar

xwork-core-2.2.3.jar

commons-io-2.0.1.jar

commons-lang-2.5.jar

commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar

freemarker-2.3.16.jar

ognl-3.0.1.jar

javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar（hibernate同样需要）

spring：

spring.jar

commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

common-annotations.jar

aspectjrt.jar

aspectjweaver.jar

cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar

（如果用BasicDataSource来配置数据库连接，还要加入以下2个包）

commons-dbcp.jar

commons-pool.jar

hibernate：

hibernate3.jar

hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar

antlr-2.7.6.jar

commons-collections-3.1.jar

dom4j-1.6.1.jar

javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar

jta-1.1.jar

slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar

slf4j-nop-1.6.4.jar（这个jar包要去slf4j官网下载slf4j-1.6.4集成包）

jdbc：

ojdbc14.jar（oracle）

2. web.xml配置

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

<display-name>testSSH</display-name>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>



<context-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>

</context-param>







<filter>

<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>encoding</param-name>

<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>



<filter>

<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>singleSession</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>



<filter>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>config</param-name>

<param-value>struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,/config/struts.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>



<listener>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>



<session-config>

<session-timeout>20</session-timeout>

</session-config>



<error-page>

<error-code>404</error-code>

<location>/error404.html</location>

</error-page>

</web-app>

注意：

① 配置自定义filter即DelegatingFilterProxy时，参数targetFilterLifecycle设为true是将filter放入web容器中成为真正意义上的filter。否则只是个代理filter，不具有filter的生命周期，因此无法执行filter的init、destroy方法。因为统一交由spring管理，所以在spring资源配置文件（如applicationContext.xml）中必须相应的并且名称为myFilter的bean。

② OpenSessionInViewFilter要将参数singleSession设置为true，否则意义不大。

③ 配置struts2建议采用StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter。struts.xml默认放在src根目录下，若想放置到其他地方还要将struts-default.xml和struts-plugin.xml一同配置下，否则在于其他框架结合时（如spring）就会报错。配置struts2的filter标签要放到所有filter标签的最下面，否则会有问题。

3. struts.xml配置

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<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>



<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />



<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do"></constant>

<package name="struts" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">



<interceptors>

<interceptor name="myInterceptor" class="myInterceptor"></interceptor>

<interceptor-stack name="myDefult">

<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>

<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>

</interceptor-stack>

</interceptors>

<action name="myLogin" class="loginAction">

<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>

<result name="error" type="redirect">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

<action name="testSession" class="sessionAction">

<interceptor-ref name="myDefult"></interceptor-ref>

<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>

<result name="error" type="redirect">/login.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

</struts>

注意：

① 执行完自定义拦截器后，还要执行struts2默认的拦截器defaultStack，否则可能会出错。

② action标签的class属性，与spring结合后要写成spring中bean的名称name。

4. applicationContext.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">



<context:annotation-config/>



<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>

</bean>





<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>

</bean>

<tx:advice id="txadvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">

<tx:attributes>

<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception"/>

<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" no-rollback-for="MyException"/>

<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>

<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>

</tx:attributes>

</tx:advice>

<aop:config>

<aop:pointcut id="daoMethods" expression="execution(* test.dao.*.*(..))"/>

<aop:advisor advice-ref="txadvice" pointcut-ref="daoMethods"/>

</aop:config>



<bean id="userService" class="test.service.UserServiceImpl"></bean>

<bean id="userDao" class="test.dao.UserDaoImpl">

<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

</bean>



<bean id="myFilter" class="test.service.MyFilter"></bean>



<bean id="loginAction" class="test.action.LoginAction" scope="prototype"></bean>

<bean id="sessionAction" class="test.action.SessionAction" scope="prototype"></bean>

<bean id="myInterceptor" class="test.service.MyInterceptor" scope="prototype"></bean>

</beans>

注意：

① 配置事务时，如果事务是与含有sessionFactory的DAO层关联的话，要将<aop:config>标签的proxy-target-class属性设为true（第二种方法是proxyTargetClass属性），否则就会报错

② 采用Resource或Autowired注解时，bean中无需配置property属性标签。

③ 采用第二种方法配置sessionFactory时，还需要另外引入两个包（详见上述“所需jar”部分）。

5. filter与拦截器

● MyFilter.java

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package test.service;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;

import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class MyFilter implements Filter {

private String encoding;

@Override

public void destroy() {

}

@Override

public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);

response.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);

chain.doFilter(request, response);

}

@Override

public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {

System.out.println("========" + config.getInitParameter("encoding") + "========");

encoding = config.getInitParameter("encoding");

}

}

● MyInterceptor.java

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package test.service;

import java.util.Map;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")

public class MyInterceptor implements Interceptor{

@Override

public void destroy() {

}

@Override

public void init() {

}

@Override

public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {

Map sessionMap = invocation.getInvocationContext().getSession();

String username = (String)sessionMap.get("username");

if (username != null) {

return invocation.invoke();

}

return "error";

}

}

filter与拦截器（interceptor）的区别：

二者不论从结构还是功能都非常相似，但是二者是有区别的,：

① filter是基于servlet容器的，而interceptor仅限于struts2，因此filter的作用域要远大于interceptor。

② filter中doFilter方法是基于回调函数，而interceptor中intercept方法则是基于java反射。

③ filter的功能要远大于interceptor，filter除了过滤请求外通过通配符可以保护页面，图片，文件，还可以进行加密、安全过滤、权限管理等等，而Interceptor基本只能过滤请求。

④ filter拦截请求的粒度较粗，interceptor拦截请求的粒度较细。

6. action层

● LoginAction.java

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package test.action;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import test.entity.User;

import test.service.IUserService;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {

@Resource

private IUserService userService;

private String username;

private String password;

public String getUsername() {

return username;

}

public void setUsername(String username) {

this.username = username;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

User user = new User();

user.setUsername(username);

user.setPassword(password);

try {

userService.addUser(user);

HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();

request.getSession().setAttribute("username", username);

return "success";

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return "error";

}

}

7. service层

● UserServiceImpl.java

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package test.service;

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import test.dao.IUserDao;

import test.entity.User;

public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService{

@Resource

private IUserDao userDao;

@Override

public void addUser(User user) throws Exception {

userDao.addUser(user);

if (!"admin".equals(user.getUsername()) || !"admin".equals(user.getPassword())) {

throw new Exception();

}

}

@Override

public boolean updateUser(User user) {

return false;

}

@Override

public boolean delUser(String username) {

return false;

}

@Override

public List<User> findAllUser() {

return null;

}

}

接口因为很简单，就不展示了，这里我将filter和拦截器也放到了service层，仅是个示例而已，filter或interceptor最好单独放在一层。

8. dao层

● UserDaoImpl.java

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package test.dao;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

import test.entity.User;

public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements IUserDao{

@Override

public void addUser(User user){

user.setName("wang");

user.setCreateTime(new Date());

user.setModifyTime(new Date());

this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user);

}

}

9. entity层

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package test.entity;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {

private String username;

private String password;

private String name;

private String email;

private String tell;

private Date createTime;

private Date modifyTime;

public String getUsername() {

return username;

}

public void setUsername(String username) {

this.username = username;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getEmail() {

return email;

}

public void setEmail(String email) {

this.email = email;

}

public String getTell() {

return tell;

}

public void setTell(String tell) {

this.tell = tell;

}

public Date getCreateTime() {

return createTime;

}

public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {

this.createTime = createTime;

}

public Date getModifyTime() {

return modifyTime;

}

public void setModifyTime(Date modifyTime) {

this.modifyTime = modifyTime;

}

}

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SSH2框架搭建 和 配置文件详解

SSH2框架搭建和配置文件详解