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Configure，Makefile.am, Makefile.in, Makefile文件之间关系(转)

2014-02-27 10:21 429 查看

1.autoscan(autoconf):扫描源代码以搜寻普通的可移植性问题，比如检查编译器，库，头文件等，生成文件configure.scan,它是configure.ac的一个雏形。yoursourcefiles-->[autoscan*]-->[configure.scan]-->configure.ac2.aclocal(automake):根据已经安装的宏，用户定义宏和acinclude.m4文件中的宏将configure.ac文件所需要的宏集中定义到文件aclocal.m4中。aclocal是一个perl脚本程序，它的定义是：“aclocal-createaclocal.m4byscanningconfigure.ac”

userinputfilesoptionalinputprocessoutputfiles

=================================================

acinclude.m4-----.

V

.-------,

configure.ac------------------------>|aclocal|

{usermacrofiles}->||------>aclocal.m4

`-------'

3.autoheader(autoconf):根据configure.ac中的某些宏，比如cpp宏定义，运行m4，声称config.h.in

userinputfilesoptionalinputprocessoutputfiles

=================================================

aclocal.m4-------.

|

V

.----------,

configure.ac----------------------->|autoheader|---->autoconfig.h.in

`----------'

4.automake:automake将Makefile.am中定义的结构建立Makefile.in，然后configure脚本将生成的Makefile.in文件转换为Makefile。如果在configure.ac中定义了一些特殊的宏，比如AC_PROG_LIBTOOL，它会调用libtoolize，否则它会自己产生config.guess和config.sub

userinputfilesoptionalinputprocessesoutputfiles

===================================================

.--------,

||--->COPYING

||--->INSTALL

||------>install-sh

||------>missing

|automake|------>mkinstalldirs

configure.ac----------------------->||

Makefile.am----------------------->||------>Makefile.in

||------>stamp-h.in

.---+|--->config.guess

|||--->config.sub

|`------+-'

||---->config.guess

|libtoolize|---->config.sub

||-------->ltmain.sh

||-------->ltconfig

`----------'

5.autoconf:将configure.ac中的宏展开，生成configure脚本。这个过程可能要用到aclocal.m4中定义的宏。

userinputfilesoptionalinputprocessesoutputfiles

===================================================

aclocal.m4,autoconfig.h.in-------.

V

.--------,

configure.ac----------------------->|autoconf|------>configure

6../configure的过程

.------------->[config.cache]configure*--------------------------+------------->config.log|[config.h.in]-.v.-->[autoconfig.h]+------->config.status*-+Makefile.in---'`-->Makefile

7.make过程

[autoconfig.h]-.+-->make*--->程序Makefile---'

.---------,config.site--->||config.cache--->|configure|--->config.cache|+-,`-+-------'|||---->config.statusconfig.h.in------->|config-|---->config.hMakefile.in------->|.status|---->Makefile||---->stamp-h|+--,.-+|||`------+--'|ltmain.sh------->|ltconfig|------->libtool|||`-+------'||config.guess||config.sub|`------------'

.--------,Makefile------>||config.h------>|make|{projectsources}---------------->||-------->{projecttargets}.-++--,|`--------'||libtool||missing||install-sh||mkinstalldirs|`-------------'

实例：在/hello/目录下创建一个hello.c文件，并编译运行它：#cd/hello/(1)编写源文件hello.c：#include<stdio.h>intmain(intargc,char**argv){printf("Hello,GNU!n");return0;}[litao@vm0000131hello]$lltotal4-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao68Aug1212:02hello.c一、autoscan[litao@vm0000131hello]$autoscanautom4te:configure.ac:nosuchfileordirectoryautoscan:/usr/bin/autom4tefailedwithexitstatus:1[litao@vm0000131hello]$lltotal8-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao0Aug1212:03autoscan.log-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao457Aug1212:03configure.scan-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao68Aug1212:02hello.c已经生成了configure.scan，autoscan.log文件将configure.scan修改为configure.in，最后修改的内容如下：[litao@vm0000131hello]$mvconfigure.scanconfigure.in[litao@vm0000131hello]$vimconfigure.in#-*-Autoconf-*-#Processthisfilewithautoconftoproduceaconfigurescript.AC_PREREQ(2.59)AC_INIT(FULL-PACKAGE-NAME,VERSION,BUG-REPORT-ADDRESS)AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c])#AC_CONFIG_HEADER([config.h])AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(hello,1.0)#Checksforprograms.AC_PROG_CC#Checksforlibraries.#Checksforheaderfiles.#Checksfortypedefs,structures,andcompilercharacteristics.#Checksforlibraryfunctions.AC_OUTPUT(Makefile)二、acloacl[litao@vm0000131hello]$aclocal生成aclocal.m4和autom4te.cache(生成aclocal.m4的过程中涉及到configure.in)[litao@vm0000131hello]$lltotal44-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao31120Aug1212:08aclocal.m4drwxr-xr-x2litaolitao4096Aug1212:08autom4te.cache-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao0Aug1212:03autoscan.log-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao496Aug1212:08configure.in-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao68Aug1212:02hello.c三、antoconf[litao@vm0000131hello]$autoconf生成configure(根据configure.in,和aclocal.m4)[litao@vm0000131hello]$lltotal168-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao31120Aug1212:08aclocal.m4drwxr-xr-x2litaolitao4096Aug1212:11autom4te.cache-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao0Aug1212:03autoscan.log-rwxrwxr-x1litaolitao122297Aug1212:11configure-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao496Aug1212:08configure.in-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao68Aug1212:02hello.c四、编写Makefile.am：AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS=foreignbin_PROGRAMS=hellohello_SOURCES=hello.c五、automake生成Makefile.in，depcomp，install-sh，和missing(根据Makefile.am,和aclocal.m4)[litao@vm0000131hello]$automakeconfigure.in:requiredfile`./install-sh'notfoundconfigure.in:requiredfile`./missing'notfoundMakefile.am:requiredfile`./depcomp'notfound[litao@vm0000131hello]$automake--add-missingconfigure.in:installing`./install-sh'configure.in:installing`./missing'Makefile.am:installing`./depcomp'[litao@vm0000131hello]$lltotal192-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao31120Aug1212:08aclocal.m4drwxr-xr-x2litaolitao4096Aug1212:14autom4te.cache-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao0Aug1212:03autoscan.log-rwxrwxr-x1litaolitao122297Aug1212:11configure-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao496Aug1212:08configure.inlrwxrwxrwx1litaolitao31Aug1212:16depcomp->/usr/share/automake-1.9/depcomp-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao68Aug1212:02hello.clrwxrwxrwx1litaolitao34Aug1212:16install-sh->/usr/share/automake-1.9/install-sh-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao69Aug1212:15Makefile.am-rw-rw-r--1litaolitao16561Aug1212:16Makefile.inlrwxrwxrwx1litaolitao31Aug1212:16missing->/usr/share/automake-1.9/missing六、configure生成Makefile，config.log，和config.status

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