学习之路三十八：Hook(钩子)的学习

好久没写文章了，还记得年前面试了一家公司，为了检测一下我的学习能力，给了我一个任务，做一个自动登录并自动操作菜单的程序。

花了几天的时间研究了Hook以及使用WindowsAPI操作程序的知识，现在记录一下，也算是一次温习。

一丶Hook

　　在我看来Hook就是监测用户操作键盘(或虚拟键盘)以及鼠标的行为，对于Hook的理解我也不是很深入，也只是一点皮毛。

　　1. 实现Hook的步骤

　　　　①安装钩子

　　　　②监测键盘和鼠标的操作，用来实现相应的逻辑

　　　　③卸载钩子

　　2.安装钩子

　　　　钩子分两种：键盘钩子和鼠标钩子，而每一种钩子又可以分为全局钩子或局部勾子。

　　　　下面是安装钩子需要的Windows Message常量(网上找的)。

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;

using SharpCommon.Windows;

/*

* 2014-1-28 完善第一个版本
*
*  1.关于KeyPress的解释
*      在控件有焦点的情况下按下键时发生。
*      键事件按下列顺序发生：
KeyDown
KeyPress
KeyUp

非字符键不会引发 KeyPress 事件；但非字符键却可以引发 KeyDown 和 KeyUp 事件。
使用 KeyChar 属性在运行时对键击进行取样，并且使用或修改公共键击的子集。
若要仅在窗体级别处理键盘事件而不允许其他控件接收键盘事件，
*         请将窗体的 KeyPress 事件处理方法中的 KeyPressEventArgs.Handled 属性设置为 true。
*
*      摘自MSDN上的说明
*      KeyPressEventArgs 指定在用户按键时撰写的字符。例如，当用户按 Shift + K 时，KeyChar 属性返回一个大写字母 K。
当用户按下任意键时，发生 KeyPress 事件。与 KeyPress 事件紧密相关的两个事件为 KeyUp 和 KeyDown。
*      当用户按下某个键时，KeyDown 事件先于每个 KeyPress 事件发生；当用户释放某个键时发生 KeyUp 事件。
*      当用户按住某个键时，每次字符重复时，KeyDown 和 KeyPress 事件也都重复发生。一个 KeyUp 事件在释放按键时生成。

KeyPressEventArgs 随着 KeyPress 事件的每次发生而被传递。
*      KeyEventArgs 随着 KeyDown 和 KeyUp 事件的每次发生而被传递。
*      KeyEventArgs 指定是否有任一个组合键（Ctrl、Shift 或 Alt）在另一个键按下的同时也曾按下。
*      此修饰符信息也可以通过 Control 类的 ModifierKeys 属性获得。

将 Handled 设置为 true，以取消 KeyPress 事件。这可防止控件处理按键。

注意注意：
有些控件将会在 KeyDown 上处理某些击键。
*      例如，RichTextBox 在调用 KeyPress 前处理 Enter 键。
*      在这种情况下，您无法取消 KeyPress 事件，而是必须从 KeyDown 取消击键。
*
*
*  2014-1-28 1:00 PM
*      1. 完成了对组合键的监测代码，通过获取KeyState来判断是否按了组合键

*/

namespace SharpCommon.Hook
{
public sealed class HookManager
{
#region Event And Field
public event CustomKeyEventHandler KeyUp;
public event CustomKeyEventHandler KeyDown;
public event CustomKeyEventHandler KeyPress;

public event MouseEventHandler MouseMove;
public event MouseEventHandler MouseWheel;
public event MouseEventHandler LeftMouseClickUp;
public event MouseEventHandler RightMouseClickUp;
public event MouseEventHandler LeftMouseClickDown;
public event MouseEventHandler RightMouseClickDown;
public event MouseEventHandler LeftMouseDoubleClick;
public event MouseEventHandler RightMouseDoubleClick;

private static int _mouseHookHandle;
private static int _keyboardHookHandlel;

private static HookProcCallBack _mouseHookCallBack;
private static HookProcCallBack _keyboardHookCallBack;

private static readonly HookManager _instance = new HookManager();

private static readonly int _currentThreadID = AppDomain.GetCurrentThreadId();
private static readonly IntPtr _currentMoudleHandle = WindowsAPI.GetModuleHandle(Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.ModuleName);

#endregion

#region Instance

private HookManager()
{ }

public static HookManager Instance
{
get { return _instance; }
}

#endregion

#region Install Hook

/// <summary>
/// Install the hook.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="installType">Select the hook install type.</param>
public void InstallHook(HookInstallType installType = HookInstallType.MouseAndKeyBoard)
{
switch (installType)
{
case HookInstallType.Mouse:
this.InstallMouseHook();
break;
case HookInstallType.KeyBoard:
this.InstallKeyBoardHook();
break;
case HookInstallType.MouseAndKeyBoard:
this.InstallMouseHook();
this.InstallKeyBoardHook();
break;
}
}

#endregion

#region Mouse Hook Monitor

/// <summary>
/// Install the mouse hook.
/// Default install mouse global hook - [14];
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hookType">Select mouse hook type.</param>
public void InstallMouseHook(HookType hookType = HookType.WH_MOUSE_LL)
{
if (_mouseHookHandle == default(int))
{
_mouseHookCallBack = new HookProcCallBack(this.MouseHookCallBack);
if (hookType == HookType.WH_MOUSE)
{
_mouseHookHandle = HookAPI.SetWindowsHookEx((int)hookType, _mouseHookCallBack, IntPtr.Zero, _currentThreadID);
}
else
{
_mouseHookHandle = HookAPI.SetWindowsHookEx((int)hookType, _mouseHookCallBack, _currentMoudleHandle, 0);
}
this.CheckHandleIsZero(_mouseHookHandle);
}
}

private int MouseHookCallBack(int nCode, int wParam, IntPtr lParam)
{
MouseButtons mouseOperation = MouseButtons.None;
Point mousePoint = (Point)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(Point));

switch (wParam)
{
case (int)WindowsMessage.WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
mouseOperation = MouseButtons.Left;
this.InvokeMouseEvent(this.LeftMouseClickDown, mouseOperation, mousePoint);
break;
case (int)WindowsMessage.WM_LBUTTONUP:
mouseOperation = MouseButtons.Left;
this.InvokeMouseEvent(this.LeftMouseClickUp, mouseOperation, mousePoint);
break;
case (int)WindowsMessage.WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
mouseOperation = MouseButtons.Left;
this.InvokeMouseEvent(this.LeftMouseDoubleClick, mouseOperation, mousePoint);
break;
case (int)WindowsMessage.WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
mouseOperation = MouseButtons.Right;
this.InvokeMouseEvent(this.RightMouseClickDown, mouseOperation, mousePoint);
break;
case (int)WindowsMessage.WM_RBUTTONUP:
mouseOperation = MouseButtons.Right;
this.InvokeMouseEvent(this.RightMouseClickUp, mouseOperation, mousePoint);
break;
case (int)WindowsMessage.WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK:
mouseOperation = MouseButtons.Right;
this.InvokeMouseEvent(this.RightMouseDoubleClick, mouseOperation, mousePoint);
break;
case (int)WindowsMessage.WM_MOUSEMOVE:
this.InvokeMouseEvent(this.MouseMove, mouseOperation, mousePoint);
break;
case (int)WindowsMessage.WM_MOUSEWHEEL:
this.InvokeMouseEvent(this.MouseWheel, mouseOperation, mousePoint);
break;
}

return HookAPI.CallNextHookEx(_mouseHookHandle, nCode, wParam, lParam);
}

private void InvokeMouseEvent(MouseEventHandler mouseEvent, MouseButtons mouseButton, Point point)
{
if (mouseEvent != null)
{
MouseEventArgs mouseArgs = new MouseEventArgs(mouseButton, 0, point.X, point.Y, 0);
mouseEvent(this, mouseArgs);
}
}

#endregion

#region KeyBoaed Hook Monitor

/// <summary>
/// Install the keyboard hook.
/// Default install keyboard global hook - [13].
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hookType">Select keyboard hook type.</param>
public void InstallKeyBoardHook(HookType hookType = HookType.WH_KEYBOARD_LL)
{
if (_keyboardHookHandlel == default(int))
{
_keyboardHookCallBack = new HookProcCallBack(this.KeyBoradHookCallBack);
if (hookType == HookType.WH_KEYBOARD)
{
_keyboardHookHandlel = HookAPI.SetWindowsHookEx((int)hookType, _keyboardHookCallBack, IntPtr.Zero, _currentThreadID);
}
else
{
_keyboardHookHandlel = HookAPI.SetWindowsHookEx((int)hookType, _keyboardHookCallBack, _currentMoudleHandle, 0);
}
this.CheckHandleIsZero(_keyboardHookHandlel);
}
}

private int KeyBoradHookCallBack(int nCode, int wParam, IntPtr lParam)
{
if (nCode >= 0)
{
CustomKeyBoard keyInfo = (CustomKeyBoard)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(CustomKeyBoard));

if (this.KeyDown != null
&& (wParam == (int)WindowsMessage.WM_KEYDOWN || wParam == (int)WindowsMessage.WM_SYSKEYDOWN))
{
this.InvokeKeyBoardEvent(this.KeyDown, (Keys)keyInfo.VirtualKeyCode);
}

if (this.KeyPress != null && wParam == (int)WindowsMessage.WM_KEYDOWN)
{
this.InvokeKeyBoardEvent(this.KeyPress, (Keys)keyInfo.VirtualKeyCode);
}

if (this.KeyUp != null
&& (wParam == (int)WindowsMessage.WM_KEYUP || wParam == (int)WindowsMessage.WM_SYSKEYUP))
{
this.InvokeKeyBoardEvent(this.KeyUp, (Keys)keyInfo.VirtualKeyCode);
}
}

return HookAPI.CallNextHookEx(_keyboardHookHandlel, nCode, wParam, lParam);
}

private void InvokeKeyBoardEvent(CustomKeyEventHandler keyEvent, Keys keyData)
{
CustomKeyEventArgs customKeyArgs = new CustomKeyEventArgs(keyData);
keyEvent(this, customKeyArgs);
}

#endregion

#region Common

private void CheckHandleIsZero(int handle)
{
if (handle == 0)
{
int errorID = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
throw new Win32Exception(errorID);
}
}

public void UninstallHook()
{
if (_mouseHookHandle != default(int))
{
if (HookAPI.UnhookWindowsHookEx(_mouseHookHandle))
{
_mouseHookHandle = default(int);
}
}
if (_keyboardHookHandlel != default(int))
{
if (HookAPI.UnhookWindowsHookEx(_keyboardHookHandlel))
{
_keyboardHookHandlel = default(int);
}
}
}

#endregion
}
}

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好了就这么多了，已同步至：个人文章目录索引