使用collectd收集物理机和虚拟机的运行信息（参考的文章已经在文前注明）

参考：
http://linuxdrops.com/install-collectd-statistics-collecter-on-centos-rhel-ubuntu-debian/
目的： 编译在server 和client 端编译 并 安装 collectd， 收集client物理机及其上运行的虚拟机信息，发送到server段。

一：server端

 1 /etc/hostname 中的名字需要和/etc/hosts中的127.0.1.1 后面的名字一致，否则会启动不了collectd或者

   在/var/lib/collectd中生成不了rrd文件。

2  apt-get install  build-essential librrd2-dev libsensors4-dev libsnmp-dev libgcrypt-dev chkconfig 

                    automake  flex  bison  pkg-config byacc  autoconf  libglib-*   libtool   rrdtool

3  # git clone https://github.com/collectd/collectd.git
   # cd collectd

   #  ./build.sh

   # ./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var --libdir=/usr/lib --mandir=/usr/share/man --enable-all-plugins

   # make

   # make install

4 # vi /etc/init.d/collectd  

    Append the following to it

#! /bin/bash

#

# collectd - start and stop the statistics collection daemon

# http://collectd.org/
#

# Copyright (C) 2005-2006 Florian Forster 

# Copyright (C) 2006-2009 Sebastian Harl 

#

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides: collectd

# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs

# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs

# Should-Start: $network $named $syslog $time

# Should-Stop: $network $named $syslog

# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5

# Default-Stop: 0 1 6

# Short-Description: start the statistics collection daemon

### END INIT INFO

set -e

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

DISABLE=0

DESC="statistics collection and monitoring daemon"

NAME=collectd

DAEMON=/usr/sbin/collectd

CONFIGFILE=/etc/collectd.conf

PIDFILE=/var/run/collectd.pid

USE_COLLECTDMON=1

COLLECTDMON_DAEMON=/usr/sbin/collectdmon

COLLECTDMON_PIDFILE=/var/run/collectdmon.pid

MAXWAIT=30

# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

if [ -r /etc/default/$NAME ]; then

. /etc/default/$NAME

fi

if test "$DISABLE" != 0 -a "$1" == "start"; then

echo "$NAME has been disabled - see /etc/default/$NAME."

exit 0

fi

if test ! -e "$CONFIGFILE" -a "$1" == "start"; then

echo "Not starting $NAME - no configuration ($CONFIGFILE) found."

exit 0

fi

if test "$ENABLE_COREFILES" == 1; then

ulimit -c unlimited

fi

if test "$USE_COLLECTDMON" == 1; then

_PIDFILE="$COLLECTDMON_PIDFILE"

else

_PIDFILE="$PIDFILE"

fi

check_config() {

if ! $DAEMON -t -C "$CONFIGFILE"; then

if test -n "$1"; then

echo "$1" >&2

fi

exit 1

fi

}

d_start() {

if test "$DISABLE" != 0; then

# we get here during restart

echo -n " - disabled by /etc/default/$NAME"

return 0

fi

if test ! -e "$CONFIGFILE"; then

# we get here during restart

echo -n " - no configuration ($CONFIGFILE) found."

return 0

fi

check_config

if test "$USE_COLLECTDMON" == 1; then

start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --oknodo --pidfile "$_PIDFILE" \

--exec $COLLECTDMON_DAEMON -- -P "$_PIDFILE" -- -C "$CONFIGFILE"

else

start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --oknodo --pidfile "$_PIDFILE" \

--exec $DAEMON -- -C "$CONFIGFILE" -P "$_PIDFILE"

fi

}

still_running_warning="

WARNING: $NAME might still be running.

In large setups it might take some time to write all pending data to

the disk. You can adjust the waiting time in /etc/default/collectd."

d_stop() {

PID=$( cat "$_PIDFILE" 2> /dev/null ) || true

start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --pidfile "$_PIDFILE"

sleep 1

if test -n "$PID" && kill -0 $PID 2> /dev/null; then

i=0

while kill -0 $PID 2> /dev/null; do

i=$(( $i + 2 ))

echo -n " ."

if test $i -gt $MAXWAIT; then

echo "$still_running_warning" >&2

return 1

fi

sleep 2

done

return 0

fi

}

d_status() {

PID=$( cat "$_PIDFILE" 2> /dev/null ) || true

if test -n "$PID" && kill -0 $PID 2> /dev/null; then

echo "collectd ($PID) is running."

exit 0

else

PID=$( pidof collectd ) || true

if test -n "$PID"; then

echo "collectd ($PID) is running."

exit 0

else

echo "collectd is stopped."

fi

fi

exit 1

}

case "$1" in

start)

echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"

d_start

echo "."

;;

stop)

echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"

d_stop

echo "."

;;

status)

d_status

;;

restart|force-reload)

echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"

check_config "Not restarting collectd."

d_stop

sleep 1

d_start

echo "."

;;

*)

echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}" >&2

exit 1

;;

esac

exit 0

# vim: syntax=sh noexpandtab sw=4 ts=4 :

5  Change permissions and start collectd

  # chmod 755 /etc/init.d/collectd

  # chown root:root /etc/init.d/collectd

  # chkconfig --add collectd

  # /etc/init.d/collectd start

  # chkconfig collectd on

6 Open the collectd configuration file and make sure all basic plugins get loaded.

 You may see LoadPlugin directive followed by the parameter to monitor, it could have

 a # or ## sign in front. A single # means that the plugin is not active but is 

 supported, just remove the # sign and it will start working. A double ## means that

 the plugin is not supported, this may be due to a missing package, in such senario 

 just install the missing package and compile collectd again. You may refer the README

 file provided in the collectd installer directory to find what packages are required

 for a parameter to work.

# vi /etc/collectd.conf

Enable basic plugins

LoadPlugin network

LoadPlugin cpu

LoadPlugin memory

LoadPlugin rrdtool

LoadPlugin network

LoadPlugin syslog

or

LoadPlugin logfile

7 

Also append the following to server side collectd.conf. This will make collectd listen on the port 25827. 

Make sure you change the ip address below with the ip address of your collectd server

# Server

<Plugin "network">

Listen "192.168.209.161" "25827"

</Plugin>

Restart collectd

# /etc/init.d/collectd restart

8 

Make sure collectd has started listening.

# netstat -tunlp | grep -i collectd

udp 0 0 192.168.209.161:25826 0.0.0.0:* 49475/collectd

client端：

client:

redo the step 1 to  step 6 which is done on the server side, and then modify collectd.conf as following:

# Client

<Plugin "network">

Server "192.168.209.161" "25827"

</Plugin>

and then  Restart collectd

# /etc/init.d/collectd restart

备注：

经过上述的安装并重起服务，client就会将自己监控到的数据发送到server 端，数据存储的路径为/var/lib/collectd/ ， 在此目录下有以主机

名命名的文件夹，其中包含监控到的数据。

默认的获取数据的时间很长,可以通过修改collectd.conf 中的以下几个选项：

Interval     15

Timeout      2

ReadThreads  5

WriteThreads 5

增加获取数据的频率。

验证上述文件夹中的rrd文件是否获得了有效数据：

# cd  /var/lib/collectd/bhwserver/load

#  rrdtool fetch  load.rrd    AVERAGE

转换文件格式： rrd->xml

# rrdtool   dump  load.rrd   >load.xml

监控libvirt虚拟机：

步骤：

1 在虚拟机运行的机器进入collectd目录：

# ./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var --libdir=/usr/lib --mandir=/usr/share/man --enable-all-plugins

检查libvirt plugin 是否已经注册好，如果出现libvirt . . . . . . . no (dependency error) 

则通过/var/log/syslog可以查看错误的原因，基本上可以通过下列连接解决：
http://6.ptmc.org/348/
（ The solution here is to install the libxml2-dev package in addition to libvirt-dev, since that is needed by collectd to parse

 the XML VM configuration stanzas that libvirt provides.  apt-get install  libxml2-dev  libvirt-dev ）

2 修改collectd.conf文件如下：

<Plugin libvirt>

        Connection "qemu:///system"

        RefreshInterval 5

#       Domain "name"

#       IgnoreSelected false

#       BlockDevice "name:device"

#       HostnameFormat "name"

</Plugin>

3  check  whether the libvirtd is  running .

4  service  collectd restart

5   there will be dir which is named instance-0000*  in /var/lib/collectd/  .