详解数据库Oracle 11g的基本安装

一、准备安装

　　基本都是按部就班。

　　使用的OS版本：OEL4

以下是引用片段：

　[Oracle@ractest orcl]$ cat /etc/redhat-release

　　EnterPRise
linux Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (October Update 5)

　　[oracle@ractest orcl]$ cat /etc/enterprise-release

　　Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (October Update 5)

　　安装程序路径：

　　/mnt/Oracle11g_linux_x86_64/database

　　创建用户

以下是引用片段：

　　groupadd -g 1001 dba

　　groupadd -g 1002 oinstall

　　useradd -u 10000 -g dba -G oinstall,dba -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash oracle

　　chown -R oracle:dba /home/oracle

　　usermod -g dba -G oinstall,dba oracle

　　使用的.bash_profile

　　export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle

　　export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/11g

　　export ORA_CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/crs

　　export ORACLE_PATH=$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/sql:.:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin

　　export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

　　export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin

　　export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin

　　export PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/bin

　　export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

　　export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

　　export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

　　export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

　　export LIBPATH=$LIBPATH:$ORA_CRS_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

　　export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE

　　export THREADS_FLAG=native

　　export TEMP=/tmp

　　export TMPDIR=/tmp

　　export NLS_LANG=american_america.WE8ISO8859P1

　　export DISPLAY=10.198.90.55:2

　　alias sysdba="sqlplus
'/as sysdba'"

　　export EDITOR=vi

　　修改的核心参数：

以下是引用片段：

　　kernel.shmall = 2097152

　　kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

　　kernel.shmmni = 4096

　　kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

　　fs.file-max = 65536

　　net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

　　net.core.rmem_default=262144

　　net.core.wmem_default=262144

　　net.core.rmem_max=262144

　　net.core.wmem_max=262144

　　使用xclock检查display正确：

　　shahand 上传了这个图片:

　　

以下是引用片段： [oracle@ractest ~]$ xclock [oracle@ractest ~]$ /mnt/Oracle11g_linux_x86_64/database [oracle@ractest ~]$ cd /mnt/Oracle11g_linux_x86_64/database [oracle@ractest database]$ ls -l total 10 drwxr-xr-x 4 1003 oinstall 96 Mar 23 18:45 doc drwxr-xr-x 5 1003 oinstall 1024 Mar 23 18:45 install drwxr-xr-x 2 1003 oinstall 1024 Mar 23 18:45 response -rwxr-xr-x 1 1003 oinstall 1251 Mar 23 18:45 runInstaller drwxr-xr-x 12 1003 oinstall 1024 Mar 23 18:45 stage -rw-r--r-- 1 1003 oinstall 4638 Mar 23 18:45 welcome.html [oracle@ractest database]$ ./runInstaller Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking installer requirements... Checking Operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2 Passed All installer requirements met. Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2007-06-28_02-26-12AM. Please wait ...[oracle@ractest database]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.1.0.2.0 Production Copyright (C) 1999, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.1.0.2.0 Production Copyright (C) 1999, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. 启动图形以后选择ba

选择oracle base的时候，oracle不推荐使用user home作为oracle base，这里我选yes忽略



进行prerequirements检查的时候，安装程序认为swap不足，我选择YES忽略

以下是引用片段： [oracle@ractest database]$ [oracle@ractest database]$ su - root PassWord: [root@ractest ~]# /home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /home/oracle/oraInventory to 770. Changing groupname of /home/oracle/oraInventory to dba. The execution of the script is complete [root@ractest ~]# /home/oracle/11g/root.sh Running Oracle 11g root.sh script... The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /home/oracle/11g Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Creating /etc/oratab file... Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created Finished running generic part of root.sh script. Now product-specific root actions will be performed. Finished product-specific root actions. [root@ractest ~]#

　　全文完。