MySQL常用用户管理命令

1、添加用户

本机访问权限：
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

远程访问权限：
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

另外还有一种方法是直接Insert INTO user，注意这种方法之后需要 FLUSH PRIVILEGES 让服务器重读授权表。
insert into user(host,user,password,ssl_cipher,x509_issuer,x509_subject) values(‘localhost’,'xff’,password(‘xff’),”,”,”);

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

note：1）必须要加上ssl_cipher,x509_issuer,x509_subject三列，以为其默认值不为空（数据库版本为：5.0.51b）
2）FLUSH PRIVILEGES重载授权表，使权限更改生效
3）mysql是通过User表，Db表，Host表，Tables_priv 表，Columns_priv 表这5张表实现用户权限控制，均可以通过直接对这些表的操作以达到对用户的管理

2、删除用户

drop user admin@localhost;（@不加默认为“%”）

3、权限回收

revoke delete on test.* from admin@'localhost';

4、创建用户授权一起实现

grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to 'admin2′@'%' identified by ‘admin2′ with grant option;

note：在mysql中，如果@后面的登录范围不同，帐号可以一样

5、限制用户资源

mysql> GRANT ALL ON customer.* TO 'francis'@'localhost'

-> IDENTIFIED BY 'frank'

-> WITH MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR 20

-> MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR 10

-> MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR 5

-> MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 2;

6、用户密码设置

使用mysqladmin：
shell> mysqladmin -u user_name -h host_name password "newpwd"

或在mysql里执行语句：
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'%' = PASSWORD('password');

如果只是更改自己的密码，则：
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘password’);

在全局级别使用GRANT USAGE语句(在*.*)来指定某个账户的密码:
mysql> GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

或直接修改MySQL库表：
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD('bagel') WHERE Host = '%' AND User = 'francis';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

修改root密码：
update mysql.user set password=password(‘passw0rd’) where user=’root’;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

7、关于加密

mysql> select PASSWORD('password');

+-------------------------------------------+

| PASSWORD('password') |

+-------------------------------------------+

| *2470C0C06DEE42FD1618BB99005ADCA2EC9D1E19 |

+-------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select MD5('hello');

+----------------------------------+

| MD5('hello') |

+----------------------------------+

| 5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592 |

+----------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select SHA1('abc');

-> 'a9993e364706816aba3e25717850c26c9cd0d89d'

SHA1()是为字符串算出一个 SHA1 160比特检查和，如RFC 3174 (安全散列算法)中所述。

8、授权精确到列

grant select (cur_url,pre_url) on test.abc to admin@localhost;

转自http://www.centos.bz/2011/09/mysql-user-management-commands/