linux（ubuntu）下分区和格式化sd卡

linux（ubuntu）下分区和格式化sd卡

我的手机sd卡需要分成两个分区，在windowxp下面死活搞不成。

主要的问题是，window只认识sd卡的第一个分区。

有人用修改驱动程序，让windows把sd卡认成日立的microdisk，分区和格式化也可以完成。但是在我的笔记本上，sd读卡器是笔记本自带的，不是接在usb接口上的，这个方法也行不通。

在linux下面给sd卡分区，格式化是非常轻松的。

我安装的系统是ubuntu10.04。

sd卡插上之后，自动mount了。

所以，第一步，umount。

$sudo -i

输入自己的密码取得root权限。

# mount

可以看到最后一行的设备号

/dev/mmcblk0 on /media/60C5-3EC0 type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,flush)

umount这个sd卡

# umount /dev/mmcblk0

下面上场的是fdisk工具。

# fdisk /dev/mmcblk0

fdisk命令都是非常简单的。

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

l list known partition types

m print this menu

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

先P，看看sd卡的分区现状。

然后d，删除原分区

n，创建分区

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-62528, default 1): 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-62528, default 62528): +1500M

t，指定分区类型，

Command (m for help): t

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list codes): L

0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris

1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx

5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data

6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .

7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility

8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt

9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access

a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O

b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor

c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs

e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT

f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/

10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b

11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor

12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor

14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary

16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS

17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE

18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto

1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep

1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT

1e Hidden W95 FAT1

Hex code (type L to list codes): 6

Changed system type of partition 1 to 6 (FAT16)

这样就分好了第一个分区，并且指定了分区为fat16。

第二个，我试做分区为linux分区

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 2

First cylinder (48002-62528, default 48002):

Using default value 48002

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (48002-62528, default 62528):

Using default value 62528

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-4): 2

Hex code (type L to list codes): 83

好了，看看成果。

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 2048 MB, 2048917504 bytes

4 heads, 16 sectors/track, 62528 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 64 * 512 = 32768 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x6f20736b

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/mmcblk0p1 1 48001 1536024 6 FAT16

/dev/mmcblk0p2 48002 62528 464864 83 Linux

好了，把分区信息写入磁盘。

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x

partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional

information.

Syncing disks.

下面开始格式化。

首先是fat16分区

#mkdosfs /dev/mmcblk0p1

然后是linux分区

#mkfs.ext3 /dev/mmcblk0p2

完成之后，取出sd卡，再安装上去，linux系统已经自动识别了两个分区，可以用了。