获取磁盘、光盘的柱面扇区相关信息

参考：http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390011646

http://blog.163.com/maple_zh@126/blog/static/107129598200921072150858/

在VC6 XP.sp3中的运行正常的代码：

//
// 两种方式：
// 1 DeviceIoControl读取磁盘扇区
// 2 _getdiskfree显示磁盘扇区信息
//
// 方式切换开关
#define WITH_IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY

#ifdef WITH_IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *
*
*
* 1 DeviceIoControl读取磁盘扇区
*
*
* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#include <windows.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <winioctl.h>

enum E_DISK_TYPE
{
eDT_Physicaldrive,
eDT_CDROM
};

VOID __cdecl _tmain (INT Argc, PTCHAR Argv[])
{
//E_DISK_TYPE eDiskType = eDT_Physicaldrive; // 读取磁盘信息
E_DISK_TYPE eDiskType = eDT_CDROM; // 读取光盘信息时

TCHAR szName[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
HANDLE hDisk = NULL;

//
// 命令行参数可在Project Settings->Debug->Program arguments下指定 如：0 1
//
if (Argc != 3)
{
_tprintf(_T("Reads a sector on the disk\n\n"));
_tprintf(_T("%s [disk number] [sector]\n"), Argv[0]);
return;
}

switch (eDT_CDROM)
{
case eDT_Physicaldrive:
_sntprintf(szName, sizeof(szName) / sizeof(szName[0]) - 1, _T("\\\\.\\Physicaldrive%d"), _ttoi(Argv[1])); // 读取磁盘信息时
break;

case eDT_CDROM:
_sntprintf(szName, sizeof(szName) / sizeof(szName[0]) - 1, _T("\\\\.\\CDROM%d"), _ttoi(Argv[1])); // 读取光盘信息时
break;
}

//
// 打开磁盘
//
hDisk = CreateFile(szName,
GENERIC_READ,
FILE_SHARE_READ,
NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING,
NULL,
0);
if (hDisk != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
//
// 磁盘的结构信息存在此结束中。
/*
typedef struct _DISK_GEOMETRY
{
LARGE_INTEGER Cylinders; // 柱面数
MEDIA_TYPE MediaType; // 磁盘类型，见MSDN
DWORD TracksPerCylinder; // 每道柱面数
DWORD SectorsPerTrack; // 每道扇区数
DWORD BytesPerSector; // 每扇区字节数
} DISK_GEOMETRY;
*/
DISK_GEOMETRY diskGeometry;
DWORD dwBytes = 0;
//
// 获得磁盘结构信息
if (!DeviceIoControl(hDisk,
IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY, // 调用了CTL_CODE macro宏
NULL,
0,
&diskGeometry,
sizeof(DISK_GEOMETRY),
&dwBytes,
NULL))
{
_tprintf(_T("IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY failed with error code %d\n"), GetLastError());
return;
}

//
//
DWORD dwSize = diskGeometry.BytesPerSector; // 每sector字节数
PVOID lpBuffer = new BYTE [dwSize];
if (lpBuffer == NULL)
{
_tprintf(_T("Unable to allocate resources, exiting\n"));
return;
}

//
// 关于磁盘分区的信息
//
/*
typedef struct _PARTITION_INFORMATION
{
LARGE_INTEGER StartingOffset; // 启动分区偏移
LARGE_INTEGER PartitionLength; // 分区长度(字节)
DWORD HiddenSectors; // 分区中隐藏扇区数
DWORD PartitionNumber; // 分区数
BYTE PartitionType; // 分区类型
BOOLEAN BootIndicator; // 是否为引导分区，TRUE是
BOOLEAN RecognizedPartition; // 验证过的分区。TRUE是
BOOLEAN RewritePartition; // 分区是否可改变。TRUE
} PARTITION_INFORMATION, *PPARTITION_INFORMATION;
*/
PARTITION_INFORMATION partitionInfo;
//
// 获得磁盘磁盘分区的信息
if (DeviceIoControl(hDisk,
IOCTL_DISK_GET_PARTITION_INFO,
NULL,
0,
&partitionInfo,
sizeof(PARTITION_INFORMATION),
&dwBytes,
NULL))
{
switch (eDT_CDROM)
{
case eDT_Physicaldrive:
_tprintf ( _T("磁盘空间为 %.2fGB 每扇区 %ld字节 共%ld个扇区\r\n"),
partitionInfo.PartitionLength.QuadPart/1024./1024./1024. // 磁盘空间
, diskGeometry.BytesPerSector // 每扇区字节数
, partitionInfo.PartitionLength.QuadPart / diskGeometry.BytesPerSector); // 总扇区数
break;

case eDT_CDROM:
_tprintf ( _T("光盘空间为 %.2fMB 每扇区 %ld字节 共%ld个扇区\r\n"),
partitionInfo.PartitionLength.QuadPart/1024./1024. // 光盘空间
, diskGeometry.BytesPerSector // 每扇区字节数
, partitionInfo.PartitionLength.QuadPart / diskGeometry.BytesPerSector); // 总扇区数

break;
}

// 获取总扇区数
LONGLONG sectorCount = partitionInfo.PartitionLength.QuadPart / diskGeometry.BytesPerSector;
// 以16进制输出
switch (eDT_CDROM)
{
case eDT_Physicaldrive:
_tprintf(_T("PhysicalDisk %d has 0x%I64x sectors with 0x%x bytes in every sector\n"), _ttoi(Argv[1]), sectorCount, diskGeometry.BytesPerSector);
break;
case eDT_CDROM:
_tprintf(_T("CDROM %d has 0x%I64x sectors with 0x%x bytes in every sector\n"), _ttoi(Argv[1]), sectorCount, diskGeometry.BytesPerSector);
break;
}

//
LONGLONG nIndex = _ttoi64(Argv[2]);

//
// 读取被请求的sector
//
if (nIndex < sectorCount)
{
// 有符号的64位整型表示
LARGE_INTEGER offset;

// sector数所占字节
offset.QuadPart = (nIndex) * diskGeometry.BytesPerSector;

// 从打开的文件（磁盘）中移动文件指针。offset.LowPart低32位为移动字节数
SetFilePointer(hDisk, offset.LowPart, &offset.HighPart, FILE_BEGIN);

// 读取扇区的数据
if (ReadFile(hDisk, lpBuffer, dwSize, &dwBytes, NULL))
{
// 扇区的数据
_tprintf(_T("扇区%d数据:\n"), nIndex);

//
// The dwBytes field holds the number of bytes that were actually read [ <= dwSize ]
//
for (ULONG nOffset = 0; nOffset < dwBytes; nOffset += 0x10)
{
ULONG nBytes, nIdx;

//
// 显示地址
//
_tprintf(_T("%011I64x "), (offset.QuadPart) + nOffset);

//
// 显示16进制数据
//
nBytes = min(0x10, dwBytes - nOffset);

for (nIdx = 0; nIdx < nBytes; nIdx++)
{
_tprintf(_T("%02x %s"), ((PUCHAR)lpBuffer)[nOffset + nIdx], ((nIdx + 1) % 0x8) ? _T("") : _T(" "));
}

for ( ; nIdx < 0x10; nIdx++)
{
_tprintf(_T(" %s"), ((nIdx + 1) % 0x8) ? _T("") : _T(" "));
}

//
// 显示ascii格式数据
//
for (nIdx = 0; nIdx < nBytes; nIdx++)
{
_tprintf(_T("%c"), isprint(((PUCHAR)lpBuffer)[nOffset + nIdx]) ? ((PUCHAR)lpBuffer)[nOffset + nIdx] : _T('.'));
}

_tprintf(_T("\n"));
}

} // end ReadFile
else
{
_tprintf(_T("ReadFile() on sector 0x%I64x failed with error code: %d\n"), nIndex, GetLastError());
}

} // end if (nIndex < sectorCount)
else
{
_tprintf(_T("The requested sector is out-of-bounds\n"));
}

} // end 1 if (DeviceIoControl
else
{
_tprintf(_T("IOCTL_DISK_GET_PARTITION_INFO failed with error code %d\n"), GetLastError());
}

delete [] lpBuffer;
CloseHandle(hDisk);

} // if (hDisk != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
else
{
_tprintf(_T("CreateFile() on %s failed with error code %d\n"), szName, GetLastError());
}

_tprintf(_T("\n"));

return;
}

#else

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- *
*
*
* 2 _getdiskfree显示磁盘扇区信息
*
*
* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

// crt_getdiskfree.c

#include <windows.h>
#include <direct.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>

TCHAR g_szBorder[] = _T("======================================================================\n");
TCHAR g_szTitle1[] = _T("|DRIVE|TOTAL CLUSTERS|AVAIL CLUSTERS|SECTORS / CLUSTER|BYTES / SECTOR|\n");
TCHAR g_szTitle2[] = _T("|=====|==============|==============|=================|==============|\n");
TCHAR g_szLine[] = _T("| A: | | | | |\n");

void utoiRightJustified(TCHAR* szLeft, TCHAR* szRight, unsigned uVal);

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
TCHAR szMsg[4200];
struct _diskfree_t df = {0};
ULONG uDriveMask = _getdrives(); // 表示当前可用的磁盘
unsigned uErr, uLen, uDrive;

printf(g_szBorder);
printf(g_szTitle1);
printf(g_szTitle2);

int ifor = 0;
for (uDrive=1; uDrive<=26; ++uDrive)
{
if (uDriveMask & 1)
{
uErr = _getdiskfree(uDrive, &df);
memcpy(szMsg, g_szLine, sizeof(g_szLine));
szMsg[3] = uDrive + 'A' - 1;
char lp[5] = "C:\\";
lp[0] = uDrive + 'A' - 1;

if (uErr == 0)
{
utoiRightJustified(szMsg+8, szMsg+19, df.total_clusters);
utoiRightJustified(szMsg+23, szMsg+34, df.avail_clusters);
utoiRightJustified(szMsg+38, szMsg+52, df.sectors_per_cluster);
utoiRightJustified(szMsg+56, szMsg+67, df.bytes_per_sector);

ifor ++;
}
else
{
uLen = FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, NULL, uErr, 0, szMsg+8, 4100, NULL);
szMsg[uLen+6] = ' ';
szMsg[uLen+7] = ' ';
szMsg[uLen+8] = ' ';
ifor ++;
}

printf(szMsg);
}

uDriveMask >>= 1;

if (!uDriveMask) break;
}

printf(g_szBorder);
printf ("共%d个\n", ifor);
return 0;
}

void utoiRightJustified(TCHAR* szLeft, TCHAR* szRight, unsigned uVal)
{
TCHAR* szCur = szRight;
int nComma = 0;

if (uVal)
{
while (uVal && (szCur >= szLeft))
{
if (nComma == 3)
{
*szCur = ',';
nComma = 0;
}
else
{
*szCur = (uVal % 10) | 0x30;
uVal /= 10;
++nComma;
}

--szCur;
}
}
else
{
*szCur = '0';
--szCur;
}

if (uVal)
{
szCur = szLeft;

while (szCur <= szRight)
{
*szCur = '*';
++szCur;
}
}
}

#endif