LINUX下磁盘IO性能测试评估与优化

http://www.linuxyw.com/a/jinglizhitian/20130523/426.html

LINUX下磁盘IO性能测试评估:

一:dd

这不是一个专业的测试工具,不过如果对于测试结果的要求不是很苛刻的话,平时可以使用来

对磁盘的读写速度作一个简单的评估.

概念描述:

/dev/null:外号叫无底洞,你可以向它输出任何数据,它通吃,并且不会撑着!

/dev/zero:是一个输入设备,你可你用它来初始化文件.

/dev/null------它是空设备,也称为位桶(bit bucket)任何写入它的输出都会被抛弃,如果不

想让消息以标准输出显示或写入文件,那么可以将消息重定向到位桶.

/dev/zero------该设备无穷尽地提供0,可以使用任何你需要的数目——设备提供的要多的多,

他可以用于向设备或文件写入字符串0.

测试环境:

1.测试磁盘的IO写速度

测试服务器:Dell R710 4块300G的sas硬盘做的raid5

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酒仙桥234服务器

[root@club_c2 ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 4.11606 seconds, 597 MB/s

real 0m17.010s

user 0m0.059s

sys 0m5.323s

[root@club_c2 ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 4.17078 seconds, 589 MB/s

real 0m19.993s

user 0m0.062s

sys 0m5.396s

[root@club_c2 ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 4.13825 seconds, 594 MB/s

real 0m4.970s

user 0m0.053s

sys 0m4.662s

[root@club_c2 ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 4.14597 seconds, 593 MB/s

real 0m15.880s

user 0m0.054s

sys 0m5.296s

======================================

测试服务器:Dell R720 3块1T的sas硬盘做的raid 5

======================================

[root@BJ-XYWY-TT-S ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 41.9644 s, 58.6 MB/s

real 0m42.761s

user 0m0.049s

sys 0m4.832s

[root@BJ-XYWY-TT-S ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 57.8129 s, 42.5 MB/s

real 0m58.574s

user 0m0.064s

sys 0m5.321s

[root@BJ-XYWY-TT-S ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 73.3101 s, 33.5 MB/s

real 1m14.115s

user 0m0.057s

sys 0m5.268s

[root@BJ-XYWY-TT-S ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 57.1162 s, 43.0 MB/s

real 0m57.956s

user 0m0.053s

sys 0m5.266s

===================================

结论:从以上数据对比可以看出,写同样2.5GB的文件 旧服务器硬盘的写是新采购服务器的写速度

的10倍以上。

2.测试磁盘的IO读速度

测试服务器:Dell R710 4块300G的sas硬盘做的raid5(为TT服务器 正在提供读服务的同时

进行测试)

====================================

[root@club_c2 ~]# df -m

Filesystem 1M-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 79353 56963 18294 76% /

/dev/sda5 469736 356678 88812 81% /data

/dev/sda1 190 12 169 7% /boot

tmpfs 16089 0 16089 0% /dev/shm

[root@club_c2 ~]# time dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null bs=8k

10485424+1 records in

10485424+1 records out

85896599040 bytes (86 GB) copied, 622.215 seconds, 138 MB/s

real 10m22.222s

user 0m2.020s

sys 1m29.195s

[root@club_c2 ~]# time dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null bs=8k

10485424+1 records in

10485424+1 records out

85896599040 bytes (86 GB) copied, 668.701 seconds, 128 MB/s

real 11m9.036s

user 0m2.009s

sys 1m30.678s

====================================

测试服务器:Dell R720 3块1T的sas硬盘做的raid 5

=====================================

[root@BJ-XYWY-TT-S ~]# df -m

Filesystem 1M-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 80635 4540 72000 6% /

tmpfs 16015 0 16015 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 194 31 153 17% /boot

/dev/sda5 1791905 193494 1507388 12% /data

[root@BJ-XYWY-TT-S ~]# time dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null bs=8k

10485760+0 records in

10485760+0 records out

85899345920 bytes (86 GB) copied, 288.598 s, 298 MB/s

real 4m48.600s

user 0m1.906s

sys 1m40.585s

[root@BJ-XYWY-TT-S ~]# time dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null bs=8k

10485760+0 records in

10485760+0 records out

85899345920 bytes (86 GB) copied, 289.268 s, 297 MB/s

real 4m49.285s

user 0m2.016s

sys 1m46.656s

[root@BJ-XYWY-TT-S ~]# time dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null bs=8k

10485760+0 records in

10485760+0 records out

85899345920 bytes (86 GB) copied, 289.126 s, 297 MB/s

real 4m49.142s

user 0m1.915s

sys 1m44.174s

===================================

同批次一样服务器做读测试:

为屏蔽其它因素影响 我找了同批次的其它服务器做测试 系统环境 硬盘等全部

相同

====================================

[root@develop-dd ~]# time dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null bs=8k

10485424+1 records in

10485424+1 records out

85896599040 bytes (86 GB) copied, 279.047 seconds, 308 MB/s

real 4m39.076s

user 0m2.005s

sys 1m23.022s

[root@develop-dd ~]# time dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null bs=8k

10485424+1 records in

10485424+1 records out

85896599040 bytes (86 GB) copied, 273.026 seconds, 315 MB/s

real 4m33.037s

user 0m1.952s

sys 1m23.991s

[root@develop-dd ~]# time dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null bs=8k

10485424+1 records in

10485424+1 records out

85896599040 bytes (86 GB) copied, 281.58 seconds, 305 MB/s

real 4m41.603s

user 0m1.922s

sys 1m25.505s

==================================

同批次服务器做写测试:

===================================

[root@develop-dd ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 3.805 seconds, 646 MB/s

real 0m4.659s

user 0m0.053s

sys 0m4.605s

[root@develop-dd ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 3.97341 seconds, 619 MB/s

real 0m7.877s

user 0m0.072s

sys 0m5.093s

[root@develop-dd ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 4.81706 seconds, 510 MB/s

real 0m15.508s

user 0m0.055s

sys 0m5.213s

[root@develop-dd ~]# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.dbf bs=8k count=300000

300000+0 records in

300000+0 records out

2457600000 bytes (2.5 GB) copied, 4.05051 seconds, 607 MB/s

real 0m9.150s

user 0m0.054s

sys 0m5.215s

==============================

综上所述 如果排除其他影响，新批次服务器和旧批次服务器读写测试数据如下:

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平均读速度 平均写速度

-----------------------------------------------------------

dell R720 297M/S 44.3M/S

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dell R610 309M/S 625M/S

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