MYSQL课堂笔记

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--  MySQL课堂笔记
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D:\> --DOS（系统）命令行提示符
D:\>
D:\>
D:\>mysql -h localhost -u root -proot --连接mysql数据库
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.0.51b-community-nt-log MySQL Community Edition (GPL)
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> --MySQL的命令行提示。
mysql>
mysql> quit  --退出
Bye
D:\>mysql -h localhost -u root -p
Enter password: ****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.0.51b-community-nt-log MySQL Community Edition (GPL)
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql>
D:\>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 17
Server version: 5.0.51b-community-nt-log MySQL Community Edition (GPL)
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> show databases; --查看当前用户下允许看到数据库
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database dd; --创建一个数据库dd
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database dd; --创建一个数据库dd（因为dd数据库已存在，故报错）
ERROR 1007 (HY000): Can''t create database 'dd'; database exists
mysql> show databases; --查看当前用户下允许看到数据库
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| dd                 |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database if not exists dd; --若dd数据库不存在则创建数据库dd
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database dd; --删除一个dd数据库
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> drop database if exists dd; --若dd数据库存在则尝试删除。
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database lamp74; --创建一个数据库lamp74
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use lamp74; --进入（选择）数据库lamp74
Database changed
mysql> select database(); --查看当前在哪个数据库下
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| lamp74     |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;  --查看当前库下的所有表格。
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
--建表格式：create table 表名(字段名 类型 [约束],字段名 类型 [约束],...);
mysql> create table demo(name varchar(8) not null,age int,addtime datetime);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
--同上创建一个demo2表，格式一样
mysql> create table demo2(
-> name varchar(8) not null,  --name字段，字串类型8个长度，非空
-> age int,              -- age字段 int整型
-> addtime datetime      -- addtime添加时间字段 datetime日期类型
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql>
mysql> show tables; --查看当前数据库下都有什么表格
+------------------+
| Tables_in_lamp74 |
+------------------+
| demo             |
| demo2            |
+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc demo;  --查看demo表的表结构
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field   | Type       | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name    | varchar(8) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age     | int(11)    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| addtime | datetime   | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show create table demo; --以表格方式查看demo的建表语句
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---+
| Table | Create Table
|
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---+
| demo  | CREATE TABLE `demo` (
`name` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
`age` int(11) default NULL,
`addtime` datetime default NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc demo; --查看demo表结构
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field   | Type       | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name    | varchar(8) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age     | int(11)    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| addtime | datetime   | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show create table demo\G  --以文本的输出格式查看demo的建表语句
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: demo
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `demo` (
`name` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
`age` int(11) default NULL,
`addtime` datetime default NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> drop table demo2; --删除一个表格demo2
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop table if exists demo2; --若demo2表存在则删除表格demo2
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_lamp74 |
+------------------+
| demo             |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
--添加数据的格式：insert into 表名(字段列表) values(值列表..);
--如下三条是添加数据格式
mysql> insert into demo(name,age,addtime) values('zhangsan',20,'2013-11-11 16:30:20');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into demo(name,age,addtime)
-> values('lisi',22,'2013-11-11 15:20:30');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into demo values('wangwu',24,'2013-12-12 10:10:11');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
--查看数据格式：select 字段名(*表示所有字段) from 表名 [条件];
mysql> select *  from demo; --查看demo表中的所有数据
+----------+------+---------------------+
| name     | age  | addtime             |
+----------+------+---------------------+
| zhangsan |   20 | 2013-11-11 16:30:20 |
| lisi     |   22 | 2013-11-11 15:20:30 |
| wangwu   |   24 | 2013-12-12 10:10:11 |
+----------+------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select age,name from demo; --只查看指定的两列数据信息
+------+----------+
| age  | name     |
+------+----------+
|   20 | zhangsan |
|   22 | lisi     |
|   24 | wangwu   |
+------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
-- 数据的修改：update 表名 set 字段名=修改的值,字段名=修改的值,... where 条件;
--将demo表中zhangsan的年龄age改成23岁。
mysql> update demo set age=23 where name='zhangsan';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
mysql> select *  from demo;
+----------+------+---------------------+
| name     | age  | addtime             |
+----------+------+---------------------+
| zhangsan |   23 | 2013-11-11 16:30:20 |
| lisi     |   22 | 2013-11-11 15:20:30 |
| wangwu   |   24 | 2013-12-12 10:10:11 |
+----------+------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 将demo表中wangwu的age改成25，addtime改成'2012-12-24 10:10:20'
mysql> update demo set age=25,addtime='2012-12-24 10:10:20' where name='wangwu';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
mysql> select *  from demo;
+----------+------+---------------------+
| name     | age  | addtime             |
+----------+------+---------------------+
| zhangsan |   23 | 2013-11-11 16:30:20 |
| lisi     |   22 | 2013-11-11 15:20:30 |
| wangwu   |   25 | 2012-12-24 10:10:20 |
+----------+------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
--删除语句格式：delete from 表名 where 条件式;
mysql> delete from demo where name='lisi'; --将lisi数据删除
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select *  from demo;
+----------+------+---------------------+
| name     | age  | addtime             |
+----------+------+---------------------+
| zhangsan |   23 | 2013-11-11 16:30:20 |
| wangwu   |   25 | 2012-12-24 10:10:20 |
+----------+------+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
---------------------------------------------------------
--- 数据库的备份和恢复
---------------------------------------------------------
D:\>
D:\>mysqldump -u root -p lamp74 >lamp74_20131111.sql --备份lamp74数据库
Enter password: ****
D:\>mysqldump -u root -p lamp74 demo>lamp74_demo.sql --备份lamp74库下的demo表。
Enter password: ****
--数据恢复，将数据导入lamp74库中
D:\>mysql -u root -p lamp74 <lamp74_20131111.sql
Enter password: ****
-------------------------------------------------------------
--  MySQL服务器的用户权限管理
-------------------------------------------------------------
-- 授权一个用户（zhangsan）密码123，可以对所有的库，所有的表做所有操作。
mysql> grant all on *.* to zhangsan@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)
--刷新生效，否则就要重启MySQL服务才可以。
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all on lamp74.* to qq@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
D:\>mysql -h 192.168.200.250 -u qq -p
Enter password: ***
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 41
Server version: 5.0.51b-community-nt-log MySQL Community Edition (
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| lamp74             |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>