dozer简单实例入门

转自 http://www.blogjava.net/killme2008/archive/2007/02/06/98250.html
呵呵，在《develope J2EE without EJB》中，DTO被狠很地批判了一把，rod说这完全是反模式。可实际项目当中，我们还是不得不在使用。VO，PO，一牵扯到概念总是多么复杂。。。把一个PO从头传到尾？？从页面到数据库，一捅到底？NO，NO，万一你要显示给用户的是几个PO的结合怎么办？万一我们只是需要某几个属性组合在一起显示怎么办？一捅到底的策略是多么丑陋，而且你完全把你的数据库设计模型暴露给用户。所以我们需要一些map工具来转换，在这方面，过去我只知道有个 BeanUtils，不够灵活，而今天，接触了下dozer，啊，跟spring一样的理念！灵活多变，你想怎么映射，想怎么换都可以。看看它支持的转换类型：

• Primitive to Primitive Wrapper

• Primitive to Custom Wrapper

• Primitive Wrapper to Primitive Wrapper

• Primitive to Primitive

• Complex Type to Complex Type

• String to Primitive

• String to Primitive Wrapper

• String to Complex Type if the Complex Type contains a String constructor

• Each of these can be mapped to one another: java.util.Date, java.sql.Date, java.sql.Time,

java.sql.Timestamp, java.util.Calendar, java.util.GregorianCalendar

• String to any of the supported Date/Calendar Objects if an explicit date format mapping attribute is

specified.

• Objects containing a toString() method that produces a long representing time in (ms) to any

supported Date/Calendar object.

几乎我们能想到的，它都提供了方法来做到。而且dozer可以很容易地跟spring集成。下面举个简单例子：

定义一个Book对象：

package com.denny_blue.dozerdemo;

public class Book {

private String name;

private String author;

public Book(){

}

public void setAuthor(String author) {

this.author = author;

}

public String getAuthor() {

return (this.author);

}

public void setName(String name){

this.name=name;

}

public String getName(){

return this.name;

}

}

简单的，我们要实例化一个对象，然后clone此对象，注意，是clone！

package com.denny_blue.dozerdemo;

import net.sf.dozer.util.mapping.DozerBeanMapper;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyFirstDozerDemo {

public static void main(String args[]){

Book book1=new Book();

book1.setAuthor("dennis");

book1.setName("dozer demo");

DozerBeanMapper mapper=new DozerBeanMapper();

Book book2=new Book();

mapper.map(book1,book2);

book2=(Book)mapper.map(book1,com.denny_blue.dozerdemo.Book.class);

System.out.println("book2's name:"+book2.getName());

}

}

OK，如此简单，我们把book1的属性完全复制给了book2，两者现在是完全独立的对象。可如果仅仅是这样，我们用BeanUtils不是也很容易办到？ book2=(Book)BeanUtils.cloneBean(book1);可如果我要把book1映射给一个完全不同的类的对象怎么办？而且他们的属性名也不相同，怎么办？比如，一个CookBook类：

package com.denny_blue.dozerdemo;

public class CookBook {

private String bookName;

private String author;

public CookBook(){}

public String getBookName() {

return (this.bookName);

}

public void setBookName(String bookName) {

this.bookName = bookName;

}

public String getAuthor() {

return (this.author);

}

public void setAuthor(String author) {

this.author = author;

}

}

它的bookName属性与Book的name属性名不一样，我们该如何复制？dozer通过xml文件的配置来灵活地达到这个目的。我们配置一个dozerBeanMapping.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE mappings PUBLIC "-//DOZER//DTD MAPPINGS//EN"

"http://dozer.sourceforge.net/dtd/dozerbeanmapping.dtd">

<mappings>

<configuration>

<stop-on-errors>false</stop-on-errors>

<date-format>MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm</date-format>

<wildcard>true</wildcard>

</configuration>

<mapping>

<class-a>com.denny_blue.dozerdemo.Book</class-a>

<class-b>com.denny_blue.dozerdemo.CookBook</class-b>

<field>

<a>name</a>

<b>bookName</b>

</field>

<field>

<a>author</a>

<b>author</b>

</field>

</mapping>

</mappings>

如上所示，<class-a>指定所要复制的源对象，<class-b>复制的目标对象，<a>源对象的属性名， <b>目标对象的属性名。wildcard默认为true,在此时默认对所有属性进行map，如果为false，则只对在xml文件中配置的属性进行map。此时的demo 看起来像这样：

package com.denny_blue.dozerdemo;

import net.sf.dozer.util.mapping.DozerBeanMapper;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyFirstDozerDemo {

public static void main(String args[]){

Book book1=new Book();

book1.setAuthor("dennis");

book1.setName("dozer demo");

DozerBeanMapper mapper=new DozerBeanMapper();

book2=(Book)mapper.map(book1,com.denny_blue.dozerdemo.Book.class);

CookBook cookBook=new CookBook();

List myMappingFiles = new ArrayList();

myMappingFiles.add("dozerBeanMapping.xml");

mapper.setMappingFiles(myMappingFiles);

cookBook=(CookBook)mapper.map(book1,CookBook.class);

System.out.println("cookBook's name:"+ cookBook.getBookName()+" cookBook's author:"+

cookBook.getAuthor());

}

}

通过mapper.setMappingFiles()设置映射文件，可以添加多个配置文件，也可以把所有的映射写在一个配置文件里面。 更多复杂例子请见它自带的doc。