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在Java中直接调用js代码

2013-08-02 13:46 483 查看
JDK1.6版添加了新的ScriptEngine类,允许用户直接执行js代码。


在Java中直接调用js代码

不能调用浏览器中定义的js函数,会抛出异常提示ReferenceError: “alert” is not defined。

package com.sinaapp.manjushri;

import javax.script.ScriptEngine;

import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;

import javax.script.ScriptException;   /**  * 直接调用js代码  */

public class ScriptEngineTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();

ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("javascript");

try{

engine.eval("var a=3; var b=4;print (a+b);");

// engine.eval("alert(\"js alert\");");    // 不能调用浏览器中定义的js函数 // 错误,会抛出alert引用不存在的异常

}catch(ScriptException e){

e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

输出结果:7


在Java中绑定js变量

在调用engine.get(key);时,如果key没有定义,则返回null

package com.sinaapp.manjushri;

import javax.script.Bindings;

import javax.script.ScriptContext;

import javax.script.ScriptEngine;

import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;

import javax.script.ScriptException;

public class ScriptEngineTest2 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("javascript");
engine.put("a", 4);
engine.put("b", 3);
Bindings bindings = engine.getBindings(ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);
try {
// 只能为Double,使用Float和Integer会抛出异常

Double result = (Double) engine.eval("a+b");

System.out.println("result = " + result);
engine.eval("c=a+b");

Double c = (Double)engine.get("c");

System.out.println("c = " + c);

} catch (ScriptException e) {
e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

输出:

result = 7.0

c = 7.0


在Java中调用js文件中的function,传入调用参数,并获取返回值

js文件中的merge函数将两个参数a,b相加,并返回c。

// expression.js

function merge(a, b) {

c = a * b;

return c;

}

在Java代码中读取js文件,并参数两个参数,然后回去返回值。

package com.sinaapp.manjushri;

import java.io.FileReader;
import javax.script.Invocable;

import javax.script.ScriptEngine;

import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
/**  * Java调用并执行js文件,传递参数,并活动返回值  *   * @author manjushri  */

public class ScriptEngineTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("javascript");

String jsFileName = "expression.js";   // 读取js文件

FileReader reader = new FileReader(jsFileName);   // 执行指定脚本
engine.eval(reader);

if(engine instanceof Invocable) {
Invocable invoke = (Invocable)engine;    // 调用merge方法,并传入两个参数

// c = merge(2, 3);

Double c = (Double)invoke.invokeFunction("merge", 2, 3);

System.out.println("c = " + c);
}

reader.close();

}
}

输出结果:

c = 5.0

java调用脚本语言笔记(jython,jruby,groovy)

有两种方法

1.java se 6以后实现了jsr 223规范

java代码:

[java]

ScriptEngineManager factory =
new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngineManager scriptEngine = factory.getEngineByName("javascript");//或者"js"

scriptEngine.eval(code);//执行一段脚本,code是js代码

很方便调用脚本

2.可以使用脚本语方本身提供的与java的集成手段

jython集成

使用jsr223:

前提下载jython的包,已实现jsr223

(建议在官网上下载,在安装目录下有jython.jar,http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/org/python/jython/2.5.0/ 这里也有,但是这个包里没有jsr223的实现,看包下存不存在org.python.jsr223)

[java]

ScriptEngineManager factory =
new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngineManager scriptEngine = factory.getEngineByName("python");//或者"jython"

scriptEngine.eval(code);

使用PythonInterpreter,可以调用exec(String code)方法:

[java]

PythonInterpreter interpreter =
new PythonInterpreter();
interpreter.exec(code);

访问数据库

使用jdbc:

[python]

from oracle.jdbc.driver
import OracleDriver
from java.sql
import DriverManager

username = 'hr'
password = '123456'

url = 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE'

driver = OracleDriver()
DriverManager.registerDriver(driver)
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password)

stmt = conn.createStatement()
sql = "select salary from EMPLOYEES t where t.salary<2300"

rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql)
while (rs.next()):

print rs.getInt('salary')

rs.close()
stmt.close()

结果:

2200

2100

2200

使用zxJDBC :

[python]

from com.ziclix.python.sql
import zxJDBC

url = 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE'

username = 'hr'
password = '123456'

driverName = 'oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver'

mysqlConn = zxJDBC.connect(url,username, password,driverName)

cursor = mysqlConn.cursor()
cursor.execute("select last_name from EMPLOYEES t where t.salary<2300");

#print cursor.fetchone()

list = cursor.fetchall()
for record
in list:
print
"name:"+record[0]
#print cursor.description[0]

#print cursor.description[1]

结果:

name:麦克

name:Olson

name:Philtanker

从数据库中查出的中文内容正常的。

而在代码里面的中文全部是乱码或抛异常,未解决。

与jruby集成

使用jsr223:Java代码

[java]

ScriptEngineManager factory =
new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngineManager scriptEngine = factory.getEngineByName("jruby");//或者"ruby"

scriptEngine.eval(code);

访问数据库

Ruby代码

[ruby]

require 'java'

module JavaLang

include_package "java.lang"

end

module JavaSql

include_package 'java.sql'

end

begin
username = 'hr'
password = '123456'

url = 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE'

driverName = 'oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver'

JavaLang::Class.forName(driverName).newInstance

conn = JavaSql::DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password)

stmt = conn.createStatement
sql = "select last_name from EMPLOYEES t where t.salary<2300"

rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql)
while (rs.next)
do
puts "名字:"+rs.getString("last_name")

end
rs.close
stmt.close
conn.close()
rescue JavaLang::ClassNotFoundException

puts "ClassNotFoundException"

rescue JavaSql::SQLException

puts "SQLException"

end

结果:

名字:楹﹀厠

名字:Olson

名字:Philtanker

从数据库中查出的中文内容为乱码的。

而在代码里面的中文正常。

与groovy集成

使用jsr223:

Java代码

[java]

ScriptEngineManager factory =
new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngineManager scriptEngine = factory.getEngineByName("groovy");//或者"Groovy"

scriptEngine.eval(code);

使用GroovyShell:

Java代码

[java]

GroovyShell shell =
new GroovyShell();
Script script = shell.parse(code);
Object result = script.run();

访问数据库

Groovy代码

import groovy.sql.Sql

def username = 'hr'
def password = '123456'
def url = 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE'

def driverName = 'oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver'

def sql = Sql.newInstance(url, username, password, driverName)

sql.eachRow("select last_name from EMPLOYEES t where t.salary<2300") {

println "名字:${it.last_name}"
}

结果:

名字:麦克

名字:Olson

名字:Philtanker

在使用groovy过程中碰到了一个异常

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.VerifyError: (class: groovy/runtime/metaclass/java/util/ArrayListMetaClass, method: super$2$invokeMethod signature: (Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;ZZ)Ljava/lang/Object;) Illegal
use of nonvirtual function call

这个异常解决花了很长时间

是因为在原来项目中存在json-lib-2.1.jar(有可能名称为json-lib-2.1-jdk15.jar),这个包是用来处理json的,与groovy1.7.5存在冲突,更新为json-lib-2.3.jar即可

(json-lib里有一些groovy运行时处理的内容)
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