How to root an Android device under Ubuntu

I have found a lot of tutorials on this subject, but none really supported Android x86 devices, so I decided to write my own here which will support both ARM and x86. If you have an android phone or tablet, you
have an ARM CPU, and if you have a virtual android device (or have android installed on your computer), you have an x86 CPU. Notice that you are on your own with rooting. I can try to help, but I cannot guarantee that it will work 100% (it might even break
your device). Good luck!

Prerequisites:

Superuser (download the appropriate version, either ARM or x86): http://androidsu.com/superuser/

Psneuter: x86 version: http://ompldr.org/iaGRpOA,
ARM version: http://ompldr.org/iaGRpOQ

An android device (obviously)

First, open up your android device and navigate to Settings -> Applications -> Development, and make sure USB Debugging is on. Next, connect your android device to your computer (if it isn’t already), but make
sure you do NOT mount it. If it’s a virtual device, you don’t have to worry about it. Connect your android device with ADB, and type these commands in the terminal (of your computer, not the android device, replacing “path/to/directory/X/is/located”
with the actual directory where X is located):

cd path/to/directory/psneuter/is/located
adb push ./psneuter /data/local/tmp/
cd path/to/directory/superuser/is/located
mkdir superuser
cd superuser
unzip ../Superuser-*.zip
adb push ./system/app/Superuser.apk /data/local/tmp/Superuser.apk
adb push ./system/bin/su /data/local/tmp/su

We just uploaded everything we need to the android device (under a temporary directory). Now it’s time to root it! If you are using Android x86, press ALT+F1 and type the commands there instead of on the host machine. If you are not using it, first type this
in the host machine’s terminal (it will simply engage a shell with your phone/tablet):

adb shell

Enter these commands:

cd /data/local/tmp
chmod 755 psneuter
./psneuter

On the host machine (yes, this is both for x86 and non-x86), connect to the android device using ADB, and type these commands:

adb shell
busybox ash
mount -o remount,rw /dev/block/mtdblock0 /system
cp /data/local/tmp/su /system/bin/su
chmod 6755 /system/bin/su
cp /data/local/tmp/Superuser.apk /system/app/Superuser.apk
chmod 777 /system/app/Superuser.apk
reboot

Your android device should now be rooted!

转载地址：http://lkubuntu.wordpress.com/2012/10/26/how-to-root-an-android-device-under-ubuntu/