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JavaScript方法和技巧大全

2013-07-19 17:38 411 查看
JavaScript就这么回事1:基础知识

1 创建脚本块

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 JavaScript code goes here

 </script>

 

2 隐藏脚本代码

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 document.write(“Hello”);

 // -->

 </script>

在不支持JavaScript的浏览器中将不执行相关代码

3 浏览器不支持的时候显示

 <noscript>

 Hello to the non-JavaScript browser.

 </noscript>

 

4 链接外部脚本文件

 <script language=”JavaScript”
src="/”filename.js"”></script>

5 注释脚本

 // This is a comment

 document.write(“Hello”); // This is a
comment

 

 

6 输出到浏览器

 document.write(“<strong>Hello</strong>”);

 

7 定义变量

 var myVariable = “some value”;

 

8 字符串相加

 var myString = “String1” + “String2”;

 

9 字符串搜索

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 var myVariable = “Hello there”;

 var therePlace =
myVariable.search(“there”);

 document.write(therePlace);

 // -->

 </script>

 

10 字符串替换

 thisVar.replace(“Monday”,”Friday”);

11 格式化字串

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 var myVariable = “Hello there”;

 document.write(myVariable.big() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.blink() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.bold() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.fixed() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red”) +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt”) +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.italics() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.small() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.strike() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.sub() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.sup() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() +
“<br>”);

 document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() +
“<br>”);

 

 var firstString = “My String”;

 var finalString =
firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red”);

 // -->

 </script>

 

12 创建数组

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 var myArray = new Array(5);

 myArray[0] = “First Entry”;

 myArray[1] = “Second Entry”;

 myArray[2] = “Third Entry”;

 myArray[3] = “Fourth Entry”;

 myArray[4] = “Fifth Entry”;

 var anotherArray = new Array(“First
Entry”,”Second Entry”,”Third Entry”,”Fourth Entry”,”Fifth
Entry”);

 // -->

1 </script>

 

13 数组排序

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 var myArray = new Array(5);

 myArray[0] = “z”;

 myArray[1] = “c”;

 myArray[2] = “d”;

 myArray[3] = “a”;

 myArray[4] = “q”;

 document.write(myArray.sort());

 // -->

 </script>

 

14 分割字符串

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 var myVariable = “a,b,c,d”;

 var stringArray = myVariable.split(“,”);

 document.write(stringArray[0]);

 document.write(stringArray[1]);

 document.write(stringArray[2]);

 document.write(stringArray[3]);

 // -->

 </script>

 

15 弹出警告信息

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 window.alert(“Hello”);

 // -->

 </script>

 

16 弹出确认框

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to
continue”);

 // -->

 </script>

 

17 定义函数

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 <!--

 function multiple(number1,number2) {

 var result = number1 * number2;

 return result;

 }

 // -->

 </script>

 

18 调用JS函数

 <a href=”#”
onClick=”functionName()”>Link
text</a>

 <a
href="/”javascript:functionName"()”>Link
text</a>

 

19 在页面加载完成后执行函数

 <body
onLoad=”functionName();”>

 Body of the page

 </body>

20 条件判断

 <script>

 <!--

 var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or
Cancel”);

 var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK” :
“Cancel”;

 document.write(result);

 // -->

 </script>

 

21 指定次数循环

 <script>

 <!--

 var myArray = new Array(3);

 myArray[0] = “Item 0”;

 myArray[1] = “Item 1”;

 myArray[2] = “Item 2”;

 for (i = 0; i < myArray.length;
i++) {

 document.write(myArray[i] +
“<br>”);

 }

 // -->

 </script>

 

22 设定将来执行

 <script>

 <!--

 function hello() {

 window.alert(“Hello”);

 }

 window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);

 // -->

 </script>

 

23 定时执行函数

 <script>

 <!--

 function hello() {

 window.alert(“Hello”);

 window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);

 }

 window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);

 // -->

 </script>

 

24 取消定时执行

 <script>

 <!--

 function hello() {

 window.alert(“Hello”);

 }

 var myTimeout =
window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);

 window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);

 // -->

 </script>

 

25 在页面卸载时候执行函数

 <body
onUnload=”functionName();”>

 Body of the page

 </body>

JavaScript就这么回事2:浏览器输出

26 访问document对象

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var myURL = document.URL;

 window.alert(myURL);

 </script>

 

27 动态输出HTML

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 document.write(“<p>Here’s
some information about this
document:</p>”);

 document.write(“<ul>”);

 document.write(“<li>Referring
Document: “ + document.referrer +
“</li>”);

 document.write(“<li>Domain:
“ + document.domain + “</li>”);

 document.write(“<li>URL:
“ + document.URL + “</li>”);

 document.write(“</ul>”);

 </script>

28 输出换行

 document.writeln(“<strong>a</strong>”);

 document.writeln(“b”);

 

29 输出日期

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var thisDate = new Date();

 document.write(thisDate.toString());

 </script>

 

30 指定日期的时区

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var myOffset = -2;

 var currentDate = new Date();

 var userOffset =
currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60;

 var timeZoneDifference = userOffset -
myOffset;

 currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() +
timeZoneDifference);

 document.write(“The time and date in Central
Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString());

 </script>

31 设置日期输出格式

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var thisDate = new Date();

 var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:” +
thisDate.getMinutes();

 var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/”
+ thisDate.getMonth() + “/” + thisDate.getDate();

 document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ +
thisDateString);

 </script>

32 读取URL参数

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var urlParts = document.URL.split(“?”);

 var parameterParts =
urlParts[1].split(“&”);

 for (i = 0; i <
parameterParts.length; i++) {

 var pairParts =
parameterParts[i].split(“=”);

 var pairName = pairParts[0];

 var pairValue = pairParts[1];

 document.write(pairName + “ :“ +pairValue
);

 }

 </script>

你还以为HTML是无状态的么?

33 打开一个新的document对象

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 function newDocument() {

 document.open();

 document.write(“<p>This
is a New Document.</p>”);

 document.close();

 }

 </script>

 

34 页面跳转

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 window.location =
“http://www.liu21st.com/”;

 </script>

 

35 添加网页加载进度窗口

 <html>

 <head>

 <script
language='javaScript'>

 var placeHolder =
window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');

 </script>

 <title>The Main
Page</title>

 </head>

 <body
onLoad='placeHolder.close()'>

 <p>This is the main
page</p>

 </body>

 </html>

 

JavaScript就这么回事3:图像

 

36 读取图像属性

 <img src="/”image1.jpg"”
name=”myImage”>

 <a href=”# ”
onClick=”window.alert(document.myImage.width)”>Width</a>

 

37 动态加载图像

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 myImage = new Image;

 myImage.src = “Tellers1.jpg”;

 </script>

38 简单的图像替换

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 rollImage = new Image;

 rollImage.src = “rollImage1.jpg”;

 defaultImage = new Image;

 defaultImage.src = “image1.jpg”;

 </script>

 <a href="/”myUrl"”
onMouseOver=”document.myImage.src = rollImage.src;”

 onMouseOut=”document.myImage.src =
defaultImage.src;”>

 <img src="/”image1.jpg"”
name=”myImage” width=100 height=100 border=0>

39 随机显示图像

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var imageList = new Array;

 imageList[0] = “image1.jpg”;

 imageList[1] = “image2.jpg”;

 imageList[2] = “image3.jpg”;

 imageList[3] = “image4.jpg”;

 var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() *
imageList.length);

 document.write(‘<img src=”’ +
imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“>’);

 </script>

40 函数实现的图像替换

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var source = 0;

 var replacement = 1;

 function
createRollOver(originalImage,replacementImage) {

 var imageArray = new Array;

 imageArray[source] = new Image;

 imageArray[source].src = originalImage;

 imageArray[replacement] = new Image;

 imageArray[replacement].src =
replacementImage;

 return imageArray;

 }

 var rollImage1 =
createRollOver(“image1.jpg”,”rollImage1.jpg”);

 </script>

 <a href=”#”
onMouseOver=”document.myImage1.src =
rollImage1[replacement].src;”

 onMouseOut=”document.myImage1.src =
rollImage1[source].src;”>

 <img src="/”image1.jpg"” width=100
name=”myImage1” border=0>

 </a>

41 创建幻灯片

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var imageList = new Array;

 imageList[0] = new Image;

 imageList[0].src = “image1.jpg”;

 imageList[1] = new Image;

 imageList[1].src = “image2.jpg”;

 imageList[2] = new Image;

 imageList[2].src = “image3.jpg”;

 imageList[3] = new Image;

 imageList[3].src = “image4.jpg”;

 function slideShow(imageNumber) {

 document.slideShow.src =
imageList[imageNumber].src;

 imageNumber += 1;

 if (imageNumber <
imageList.length) {

 window.setTimeout(“slideShow(“ + imageNumber +
“)”,3000);

 }

 }

 </script>

 </head>

20: <body
onLoad=”slideShow(0)”>

 <img src="/”image1.jpg"” width=100
name=”slideShow”>

42 随机广告图片

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var imageList = new Array;

 imageList[0] = “image1.jpg”;

 imageList[1] = “image2.jpg”;

 imageList[2] = “image3.jpg”;

 imageList[3
e046
] = “image4.jpg”;

 var urlList = new Array;

 urlList[0] = “http://some.host/”;

 urlList[1] = “http://another.host/”;

 urlList[2] = “http://somewhere.else/”;

 urlList[3] = “http://right.here/”;

 var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() *
imageList.length);

 document.write(‘<a href=”’ +
urlList[imageChoice] + ‘“><img src=”’
+ imageList[imageChoice] +
‘“></a>’);

 </script>

JavaScript就这么回事4:表单

还是先继续写完JS就这么回事系列吧~

43 表单构成

 <form method=”post”
action=”target.html” name=”thisForm”>

 <input type=”text”
name=”myText”>

 <select
name=”mySelect”>

 <option
value=”1”>First
Choice</option>

 <option
value=”2”>Second
Choice</option>

 </select>

 <br>

 <input type=”submit” value=”Submit
Me”>

 </form>

44 访问表单中的文本框内容

 <form
name=”myForm”>

 <input type=”text”
name=”myText”>

 </form>

 <a href='#'
onClick='window.alert(document.myForm.myText.value);'>Check
Text Field</a>

45 动态复制文本框内容

 <form
name=”myForm”>

 Enter some Text: <input
type=”text”
name=”myText”><br>

 Copy Text: <input type=”text”
name=”copyText”>

 </form>

 <a href=”#”
onClick=”document.myForm.copyText.value =

 document.myForm.myText.value;”>Copy
Text Field</a>

46 侦测文本框的变化

 <form
name=”myForm”>

 Enter some Text: <input
type=”text” name=”myText”
onChange=”alert(this.value);”>

 </form>

47 访问选中的Select

 <form
name=”myForm”>

 <select
name=”mySelect”>

 <option value=”First
Choice”>1</option>

 <option value=”Second
Choice”>2</option>

 <option value=”Third
Choice”>3</option>

 </select>

 </form>

 <a href='#'
onClick='alert(document.myForm.mySelect.value);'>Check
Selection List</a>

48 动态增加Select项

 <form
name=”myForm”>

 <select
name=”mySelect”>

 <option value=”First
Choice”>1</option>

 <option value=”Second
Choice”>2</option>

 </select>

 </form>

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 document.myForm.mySelect.length++;

 document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length
- 1].text = “3”;

 document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length
- 1].value = “Third Choice”;

 </script>

49 验证表单字段

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 function checkField(field) {

 if (field.value == “”) {

 window.alert(“You must enter a value in the
field”);

 field.focus();

 }

 }

 </script>

 <form name=”myForm”
action=”target.html”>

 Text Field: <input type=”text”
name=”myField”onBlur=”checkField(this)”>

 <br><input
type=”submit”>

 </form>

50 验证Select项

 function checkList(selection) {

 if (selection.length == 0) {

 window.alert(“You must make a selection from the
list.”);

 return false;

 }

 return true;

 }

51 动态改变表单的action

 <form name=”myForm”
action=”login.html”>

 Username: <input type=”text”
name=”username”><br>

 Password: <input type=”password”
name=”password”><br>

 <input type=”button” value=”Login”
onClick=”this.form.submit();”>

 <input type=”button”
value=”Register” onClick=”this.form.action = ‘register.html’;
this.form.submit();”>

 <input type=”button”
value=”Retrieve Password” onClick=”this.form.action =
‘password.html’; this.form.submit();”>

 </form>

52 使用图像按钮

 <form name=”myForm”
action=”login.html”>

 Username: <input type=”text”
name=”username”><br>

 Password: <input
type=”password”name=”password”><br>

 <input type=”image”
src="/”login.gif"” value=”Login”>

 </form>

 

53 表单数据的加密

 <SCRIPT
LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>

 <!--

 function encrypt(item) {

 var newItem = '';

 for (i=0; i < item.length; i++)
{

 newItem += item.charCodeAt(i) + '.';

 }

 return newItem;

 }

 function encryptForm(myForm) {

 for (i=0; i <
myForm.elements.length; i++) {

 myForm.elements[i].value =
encrypt(myForm.elements[i].value);

 }

 }

 

 //-->

 </SCRIPT>

 <form name='myForm'
onSubmit='encryptForm(this);
window.alert(this.myField.value);'>

 Enter Some Text: <input type=text
name=myField><input
type=submit>

20: </form>

 

JavaScript就这么回事5:窗口和框架

54 改变浏览器状态栏文字提示

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 window.status = “A new status message”;

 </script>

55 弹出确认提示框

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var userChoice = window.confirm(“Click OK or
Cancel”);

 if (userChoice) {

 document.write(“You chose OK”);

 } else {

 document.write(“You chose Cancel”);

 }

 </script>

56 提示输入

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var userName = window.prompt(“Please Enter Your
Name”,”Enter Your Name Here”);

 document.write(“Your Name is “ + userName);

 </script>

57 打开一个新窗口

 //打开一个名称为myNewWindow的浏览器新窗口

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”);

 </script>

58 设置新窗口的大小

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300');

 </script>

59 设置新窗口的位置

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300,left=200,screenX=200,top=100,screenY=100');

 </script>

60 是否显示工具栏和滚动栏

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 window.open(“http:

61 是否可以缩放新窗口的大小

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 window.open('http://www.liu21st.com/' ,
'myNewWindow', 'resizable=yes'
);</script>

62 加载一个新的文档到当前窗口

 <a href='#'
onClick='document.location = '125a.html';' >Open New
Document</a>

63 设置页面的滚动位置

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 if (document.all) {
//如果是IE浏览器则使用scrollTop属性

 document.body.scrollTop = 200;

 } else { //如果是NetScape浏览器则使用pageYOffset属性

 window.pageYOffset = 200;

 }</script>

64 在IE中打开全屏窗口

 <a href='#'
onClick=”window.open('http://www.juxta.com/','newWindow','fullScreen=yes');”>Open
a full-screen window</a>

65 新窗口和父窗口的操作

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 //定义新窗口

 var newWindow =
window.open(“128a.html”,”newWindow”);

 newWindow.close(); //在父窗口中关闭打开的新窗口

 </script>

 在新窗口中关闭父窗口

 window.opener.close()

66 往新窗口中写内容

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var newWindow =
window.open(“”,”newWindow”);

 newWindow.document.open();

 newWindow.document.write(“This is a new
window”);

 newWIndow.document.close();

 </script>

67 加载页面到框架页面

 <frameset
cols=”50%,*”>

 <frame name=”frame1”
src="/”135a.html"”>

 <frame name=”frame2”
src="/”about:blank"”>

 </frameset>

 在frame1中加载frame2中的页面

 parent.frame2.document.location =
“135b.html”;

68 在框架页面之间共享脚本

如果在frame1中html文件中有个脚本

 function doAlert() {

 window.alert(“Frame 1 is loaded”);

 }

那么在frame2中可以如此调用该方法

 <body
onLoad=”parent.frame1.doAlert();”>

 This is frame 2.

 </body>

69 数据公用

可以在框架页面定义数据项,使得该数据可以被多个框架中的页面公用

 <script
language=”JavaScript”>

 var persistentVariable = “This is a persistent
value”;

 </script>

 <frameset
cols=”50%,*”>

 <frame name=”frame1”
src="/”138a.html"”>

 <frame name=”frame2”
src="/”138b.html"”>

 </frameset>

这样在frame1和frame2中都可以使用变量persistentVariable

70 框架代码库

根据以上的一些思路,我们可以使用一个隐藏的框架页面来作为整个框架集的代码库

 <frameset
cols=”0,50%,*”>

 <frame name=”codeFrame”
src="/”140code.html"”>

 <frame name=”frame1”
src="/”140a.html"”>

 <frame name=”frame2”
src="/”140b.html"”>

 </frameset>
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