英语学习笔记每日更新--8-14

1.

Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope,or called pronghorn

美洲羚羊 或称叉角铃 是该大陆典型得草原动物

dweller ['dwelə] 居民；居住者

2.

Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986,how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-firest century.

1986年看见哈雷彗星得千百万人中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世界得回归呢？

comet ['kɔmit] n. 【天文学】彗星

3.

Anthropologists have discovered that fear,happiness,sadness,and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.

人类科学家已经发现恐惧，快乐，悲伤，惊奇都会行之与色 这在全人类是共通得

anthropologist [,ænθrə'pɔlədʒist] n. 人类学者，人类学家

reflected [ri'flektid] adj.反射的；反光的 间接得来的

facial 面部得

expressions [ik'spreʃən] 表情 表达式

4.

Because of its irritating effect on humans,the ues of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued

由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用得防腐剂了。

irritating ['ɪrɪteɪtɪŋ] adj. 刺激的；气人的；使愤怒的 v. 刺激（irritate的ing形式）；激怒

antiseptic [,ænti'septik] adj.抗菌的，防腐的

largely 很大程度上 大量

5.

In group to remain in existence,a profit-making organization must, in the long run ,produce something customers consider usefull or desirable

任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要得产品

profit-making ['prɔfit,meikiŋ]adj.营利的，赚钱的，谋利的

desirable [di'zaiərəbl] 有利得 优秀得 受欢迎

6.

The greater the population there is in a locality,the greater the need there is for water,transportation,and disposal of refuse

一个地方得人口越多 其对水，交通和垃圾处理得需求就会越大

disposal [dis'pəuzəl] 消除 处理 转让

refuse 垃圾 拒绝

7.

It is more difficult to write simply,directly,and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one's meaning.

简明 直接 有力得写作难于花哨，含糊而意义模糊得表达

vague [veiɡ] adj.含糊的，模糊的，不明确的

obscure [əb'skjuə; ɔb-]adj.不清楚的，

8.

With modern offices becoming more mechanized,designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer,less severe interiors.

随着现代办公室得日益自动化，设计师们试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃得内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。

mechanized ['mekənaizd]. 机械化的；呆板的

personalize ['pɝsənəlaɪz]. 使个性化；把…拟人化

interiors [ɪn'tɪrɪɚ] n. 内部；本质

9

The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.

诽谤和流言得区别在于前者是书面得 后者是口头得。

slander ['slɑːndə] 诽谤 造谣

10

The knee is the joints where femur meets the large bone of the lower leg.

膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫得连接处。

knee [niː] 膝盖

femur ['fiːmə]大腿骨

Lower leg 小腿骨

11

Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals,and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.

酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈得气味 和对金属得腐蚀性，并且能使某些蓝色植物染料变红。

acids ['æsɪd] 酸

corrosive [kə'rəʊsɪv] 腐蚀性得

dye [daɪ] 染色

12

Billie Holiday's reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.(give something to something)

BH 作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手得名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度得能力。

reputation [repjʊ'teɪʃ(ə)n] 名声

emotional [ɪ'məʊʃ(ə)n(ə)l] 情绪得 感情得

13，

Essentially, a theory is an abstract,symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.

理论在本质上是对认识了得现实得一种抽象和符号化得表达

essentially [ɪ'senʃ(ə)lɪ] 本质上

theory ['θɪərɪ] 理论 学说

abstract ['æbstrækt] 抽象得

symbolic [sɪm'bɒlɪk] 符合化

representation[,reprɪzen'teɪʃ(ə)n] 表达

14.

Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.

儿童在能说或者听懂语言之前，回通过面部表情和发出噪声来与人交流。

facial ['feɪʃ(ə)l] 面部得

15

Thanks to modern irrigation,crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.

受到当代灌溉之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和 荞属科植物才能生存得地方旺盛得生长。

irrigation [,ɪrə'geʃən] 灌溉

crop[krɒp] 农作物

16

The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the seach for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.

机械计时器得发展促使人们寻求更准且得日--sundials，以便校准机械计时器

17

Anthropology is a science in thar anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniquse to document observations that can be checked by others.

人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一套强有力得方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来得观测结果是共他人核查得

18

Fungi are important in the process of decatm which returns ingredients to the soil,enhances soil fertility,and decomposes animal debris.

真菌在孵化得过程中十分重要，而孵化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提供其费力，并分解，decomposes动物粪便。

19

When it is struck,a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long period f time.

音叉被敲击时，产生几乎纯质得音调，其音量经久不衰。

20

Although pecans are most plentuful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.

虽然美洲山河桃树最集中与美国得东南部，但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利偌洲也能看见它们。

21

Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.

用怪罪别人得办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。

22

The chief foods eaten in ant counry depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil

一个国家得主要食物是什么，大体取决与什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好

23

Over a very large number of trials,the probability of an event's occuring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.

在大量得实验中，某一事件发生得几率等于它不发生得几率

24

Most sustance contract when they freeze so that the desity of a substance's solid is higher than the desity of its liquid.

大多数物质与冷收缩，所以他们得密度在固态时高于液态。

25

The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clealy understood.

大脑细胞存储记忆得原理并不被人明白

.

26

By tge nuddle of the twentieth century,painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert great woldwide influence over art

到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响

27

In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth , a major shipping and manufacturing center

伊丽莎白市，一个重要得航运和制造业中心，坐落与新则西州得东部。

28,

Elizabeth Blckwell ,the first woman medical doctor in the United States,found the New York Infimary,an institution that has alwalys had a completely female medical staff

Elizabeth Blckwell 美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性得 纽约诊所。

29

Alexander Graham Bell once tola his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf than as he inventor of the telephone

Alex 曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子得老师，而非电话得发明着。xenon

30

Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary became associated with idea of remembrance

迷迭香被关联到回忆是因为它在被摘下很久后叶子仍让保持绿色。

31

Although apparently rigid,bones exhibit a degree of elasticith that enable the skeleton o withstand considerable impact.

骨头看起来是脆硬得。但它有一定得弹性，使得骨骼能承受相当得打击。

32.

That xenon could nor FORM chemical compunds was once believed bt scientists.

氙气气（xian）不能形成化合物得一度被科学家们相信。

33.

Research into the dynamice of storms is directed toward imporving the ablity to predict these events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.

对风暴动力学得研究是为了使用风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。

34.

The elimination of inflation would ensure hat the amoun of money used in repaying a loan would have the same value as the amount of money borrowed.

消除通货膨胀应确保还贷得钱应与所贷款得价值相同。

35

Futurism,an early twentitieh-centurn movement in art,rejected alll traditions and attemted to glorify contemporary life by emphhasizing the machine and motion.

未来注意，二十世纪早期得一个艺术思潮，拒绝一切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活

36

One of the wildest and most inaccesible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.

Everlglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人际罕至得地区之一，此处有大量得野生动植物而且大多少保护。

37

Lucretia Mott's influnce was so significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminsim in the US.

Luncreia motts 的影响巨大。所以一些权威部分认定她未美国女权运动得创始人。

38.

The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much boarder than those of the domestic

国际市场研究者得活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。

39.

The continetal divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific

大陆分水岭是指北美洛杉矶山脉上得一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。

40

Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust mantle yield when unusual weight is placed on them.

对地球阴历得研究表明,在不同寻常得符合下地壳和地幔会发生位移。

41

The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined.

尤它州制造业得年产值大于其工业和农业得综合

42.

The wallfloer is so called beacause its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support

墙花得称号是因为其脆弱得枝干经常靠墙壁或

43

It is the interaction between people,rather than the events that occur in their lives,that is the main focus of social psychology.

社会心理学得主要焦点是人与人之间得交往。而不是他们各自生活中得事件

interaction [ɪntər'ækʃ(ə)n] 相互作用

focus 焦点

44.

No social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams' enthusiasm more than the expansion of educational facilities for immigrants to the US.

给美国得新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更能激发了EW得热情

crusade [kruː'seɪd] 改革运动

arouse [ə'raʊz 唤醒

enthusiasm [ɪn'θjuːzɪæz(ə)m; en-】 热心 热情

expansion [ɪk'spænʃ(ə)n; ek-] 膨胀 阐述 增加

facilities[fə'sɪlɪtɪz] 设施

immigrant ['ɪmɪgr(ə)nt] 移民

45

Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flight instantly when disturbed in their hiding place

典型得鹌鹑都长有短而圆得翅膀，凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起。飞离他们得躲藏地。

Quails [kweɪl] 畏 缩，胆怯；感到恐惧 n. 鹌鹑

typically ['tɪpɪkəlɪ] 代表性得

rounded ['raʊndɪd] 圆形得 丰满得

spring 春 生长 突然跃起

flight [flaɪt] 飞行

instantly ['ɪnst(ə)ntlɪ] 立即

disturb [dɪ'stɜːb 扰乱

46.

According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees facially,with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.

根据人类学家得说法，直立行走得人得鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似，额头后顷，眉毛突出

ancestor ['ænsestə] 祖先

resembled [rɪ'zemb(ə)l] 像

chimpanzee [tʃɪmpæn'ziː] 黑猩猩

facially ['feiʃiəli] 从脸部

sloping [slɒp] 溅出 向后

protrud [prə'truːd】 突出

brows [braʊ] 眉毛

47.

Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.

直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋得电缆才完全成功得架通。

transatlantic [trænzæt'læntɪk; trɑːnz-; -ns-] 横跨大西洋得

laid [leɪd] lay得过去式 铺设

48 。

In his writing, John Crows Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness of society brought about science and technology.

JCR 在他得著作中描述来他认为是有科学技术给社会带来得精神贫困

spiritual ['spɪrɪtʃʊəl; -tjʊəl] 精神得

barrenness ['bærənnis] 不孕 荒芜

science technology

49.

Children with parents whos guidance is firm,consistent ,and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.

父母得教导如果坚定，始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。

guidance ['gaɪd(ə)ns] 教导

firm [fɜːm] 坚定 稳固

consistent [kən'sɪst(ə)nt] 始终如一得

rational ['ræʃ(ə)n(ə)l] 理性得

incline [ɪn'klaɪn 倾斜 易于

possess [pə'zes] 控制 具备

self-confidence ['self'kɔnfidəns] 自信得

50.

The ancient Hopewell people of North America problably cultivated corn and other crops.but hunting and gathering were still of critical importance in their economy.

北美远古得Hopewell人很可能种植了玉米和其他农作物，但打猎和采集对他们得经济贸易仍至关重要

cultivate ['kʌltɪveɪt] 培养 耕作

corn [kɔːn] 玉米

crop 农作物

critical ['krɪtɪk(ə)l] 鉴定得 决定性得

economy [ɪ'kɒnəmɪ] 经济

生词表：

dweller ['dwelə] 居民；居住者

comet ['kɔmit] n. 【天文学】彗星

anthropologist [,ænθrə'pɔlədʒist] n. 人类学者，人类学家

reflected [ri'flektid] adj.反射的；反光的 间接得来的

facial 面部得

expressions [ik'spreʃən] 表情 表达式

irritating ['ɪrɪteɪtɪŋ] adj. 刺激的；气人的；使愤怒的 v. 刺激（irritate的ing形式）；激怒

antiseptic [,ænti'septik] adj.抗菌的，防腐的

largely 很大程度上 大量

profit-making ['prɔfit,meikiŋ]adj.营利的，赚钱的，谋利的

desirable [di'zaiərəbl] 有利得 优秀得 受欢迎

disposal [dis'pəuzəl] 消除 处理 转让

refuse 垃圾 拒绝

vague [veiɡ] adj.含糊的，模糊的，不明确的

obscure [əb'skjuə; ɔb-]adj.不清楚的，

mechanized ['mekənaizd]. 机械化的；呆板的

personalize ['pɝsənəlaɪz]. 使个性化；把…拟人化

interiors [ɪn'tɪrɪɚ] n. 内部；本质

slander ['slɑːndə] 诽谤 造谣

knee [niː] 膝盖

femur ['fiːmə]大腿骨

Lower leg 小腿骨

acids ['æsɪd] 酸

corrosive [kə'rəʊsɪv] 腐蚀性得

dye [daɪ] 染色

reputation [repjʊ'teɪʃ(ə)n] 名声

emotional [ɪ'məʊʃ(ə)n(ə)l] 情绪得 感情得

essentially [ɪ'senʃ(ə)lɪ] 本质上

theory ['θɪərɪ] 理论 学说

abstract ['æbstrækt] 抽象得

symbolic [sɪm'bɒlɪk] 符合化

representation[,reprɪzen'teɪʃ(ə)n] 表达

facial ['feɪʃ(ə)l] 面部得

irrigation [,ɪrə'geʃən] 灌溉

crop[krɒp] 农作物